blunt chest injury

Background The thoracic ultrasound (TUS) is a monitoring tool that has gained worldwide popularity in various scenarios, offering the opportunity for dynamic, bedside evaluations. Recent studies indicate that the use of TUS enables the diagnosis of pathologies resulting from blunt chest trauma (BCT), yielding favorable outcomes. This study aimed to compare the utility of TUS versus chest radiography (CXR) in diagnosing pulmonary pathologies resulting from closed-chest traumas. Methodology A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 58 patients diagnosed with BCT who sought emergency care at the "Dr...

A man in his 20s with no medical illness sustained a blunt chest injury with pneumothorax and lung contusion after involving in a motorbike accident. Five days postadmission, he subsequently had myocardial infarction with cardiac arrest, in which coronary angiogram and intravascular ultrasound showed diffused multivessel coronary artery dissection.

Serious blunt chest trauma usually induces hemothorax, pneumothorax, and rib fractures. More studies have claimed that early video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery with surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) results in a good prognosis in patients with major trauma. This study aimed to verify the outcomes in patients with chest trauma whether SSRF was performed. Consecutive patients who were treated in a medical center in Taiwan, for traumatic events between January 2015 and June 2020, were retrospectively reviewed...

Background: Intravenous (IV) contrast improves the sensitivity and specificity of injury detection in computerized tomography (CT). Its use is recommended in the workup of trauma patients by the American College of Surgeons and American College of Radiology. On May 9, 2022, the Food and Drug Administration declared a shortage of iodinated contrast due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Although the shortage has ended, the temporary lack of IV contrast forced physicians to be prudent in ordering CT scans with IV contrast...

BACKGROUND: Intra-thoracic organ bleeding and chest wall injury following chest trauma can easily lead to life-threatening emergencies and a delay in treatment may lead to fatal outcomes. Interestingly, the optimal timing, indications, and surgical techniques have not been standardized. METHOD: We retrospectively analyzed 35 patients who underwent surgical treatment for chest trauma. RESULTS: All patients with penetrating trauma (n=4) underwent emergency surgery for a hemothorax...

BACKGROUND: Tracheobronchial injuries resulting from blunt trauma are relatively rare among chest injuries. However, if these injuries are not managed properly, they can be fatal. The prognosis is intricately linked to the precise diagnosis and treatment. We herein report three cases of tracheobronchial trauma that required surgical intervention. Case 1:A 17-year-old male sustained injuries when his torso became entangled in heavy machinery. The diagnosis revealed a tear in the right main bronchus, which required transportation with left single- lung ventilation...

Transdiaphragmatic intercostal herniation is a rare injury that can be associated with blunt trauma. Since its first documentation within the literature in 1946, there have been less than 50 cases reported. We present a case involving a 56-year old female who presented to our Trauma Center with transdiaphragmatic intercostal herniation caused by blunt trauma from a high-velocity T-bone vehicular collision. Upon presentation, she exhibited bilateral breath sounds; however, with labored breathing, chest pain, and hypoxia...

A 47-year-old male patient was referred to a level 1 trauma center with refractory acute respiratory distress syndrome, bilateral lung contusions, and flail chest after initial management for injuries sustained 5 days prior from an 8-m fall from a tower crane. Surgical stabilization of the rib fractures was achieved under extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support, with successful decannulation 4 days after surgery. The patient was discharged after 42 days and following multidisciplinary interventions...

The acute aortic syndromes (AAS) are life-threatening vascular compromises within the aortic wall. These include aortic dissection (AD), intramural hematoma (IMH), penetrating aortic ulcer (PAU), and blunt traumatic thoracic aortic injury (BTTAI). While patients classically present with chest pain, the presentation may be highly variable. Timely diagnosis is critical to initiate definitive treatment and maximize chances of survival. In high-risk patients, treatment should begin immediately, even while diagnostic evaluation proceeds...

The authors examined a 25-year-old man with a combined rupture of the diaphragm and urinary bladder following blunt trauma to the abdomen. The presence of hematuria, suprapubic tenderness, and elevated serum urea and creatinine levels in this patient raised suspicion of urinary bladder rupture. Documentation of bowel gas shadows on the chest x-ray suggested underlying diaphragm injury. A computed tomogram of the thorax and abdomen confirmed the tear in the left hemidiaphragm with intrathoracic herniation of abdominal contents; however, it failed to detect the intraperitoneal urinary bladder rupture...

We present the case of a victim of a motor vehicle accident in his late 60s who suffered from severe torso injuries. He initially presented with abdominal and chest pain, and underwent emergency laparotomy for hemoperitoneum. After surgery, the patient developed pneumonia and septicemia, which were responsive to antibiotics. The patient was treated with mechanical ventilation in the intensive care unit for approximately 10 days and experienced a severe weight loss of approximately 30%, but slowly recovered without dyspnea...

INTRODUCTION: Blunt chest injuries result in up to 10 % of major trauma admissions. Comorbidities can complicate recovery and increase the mortality rate in this patient cohort. A better understanding of the association between comorbidities and patient outcomes will facilitate enhanced models of care for particularly vulnerable groups of patients, such as older adults. AIMS: i) compare the characteristics of severely injured patients with blunt chest injury with and without comorbidities and ii) examine the relationship between comorbidities and key patient outcomes: prolonged length of stay, re-admission within 28 days, and mortality within 30 days in a cohort of patients with blunt chest injury admitted after severe trauma...

Large open chest wall wounds can be difficult to manage due to full-thickness tissue loss with underlying rib fractures and exposed lung parenchyma. Historically, the use of synthetic material has been discouraged in the traumatic setting with the concern that it may be associated with an increased risk of infection. We present 4 patients with large open injuries to the thorax-one from blunt and three from penetrating trauma. We describe our initial management followed by prompt surgical repair using biologic mesh, titanium rib spanning plates, and rotational tissue flaps with Z-plasty of the skin for definite closure...

High-energy deceleration injuries of the thoracic aorta are associated with high mortality. But among long term survivors, just 2 %-5 % of traumatic aortic injuries fail initial detection and are discovered later (Pozek et al., 2012 [1]). We present a rare case of pseudoaneurysm of the descending aorta in a female with a history of chest blunt trauma 45 days before who presented with chronic severe cough and vocal hoarseness that was treated with endovascular intervention in our center.

PURPOSE: Rib fractures are common after blunt thoracic trauma and can be associated with significant morbidity and mortality. We investigated trends of rib fracture injuries among adults presenting to United States (US) emergency departments, factors related to increased likelihood of hospitalization, and hospitalization practice patterns. METHODS: We queried the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System database between 2012 and 2021 for all patients 18 years of age and older with rib fractures...

Traumatic diaphragmatic hernia is a sign of severe thoracoabdominal trauma that is often difficult to detect because of nonspecific presenting symptoms, delayed presentation, and distracting injuries. Diagnosis depends on imaging and a high degree of suspicion in patients who present with respiratory or gastrointestinal symptoms after trauma, and prompt surgical repair is required. This case reviews a patient who presented to the emergency department with burning epigastric pain radiating to the left chest and hematemesis ~1 month after sustaining a blunt abdominal injury...

INTRODUCTION: Along with recent advances in analytical technologies, TCA-cycle intermediates are increasingly identified as promising makers for cellular ischemia and mitochondrial dysfunction during hemorrhagic shock (HS). For traumatized patients, the knowledge of the role of lipid oxidation substrates is sparse. In this study, we aimed to analyze the dynamics of systemic acylcarnitine (AcCa) release in a standardized polytrauma model with HS. METHODS: 52 male pigs (50 ± 5 kg) were randomized into two groups: Group IF (isolated fracture) was subject to a standardized femur shaft fracture...

Extreme acidosis is a life-threatening physiological state that thwarts resuscitative actions and most frequently ends in mortality. This report describes a case of a successful resuscitation in a patient who presented without vital signs, agonal respirations, dilated, unresponsive pupils, and an initial pH of 6.7. The patient is a 37-year-old man who was ejected from his package delivery vehicle after it was struck by a loaded dump truck. Resuscitative thoracotomy and other ATLS measures were performed to restore spontaneous circulation at 13 minutes after arrival...

10% of all injured patients and 55% of patients with blunt chest trauma experience rib fractures. The incidence of death due to rib fractures is related to the number of fractured ribs, severity of fractured ribs, and patient age and co-morbid conditions. Death due to rib fracture is mostly caused by pneumonia due to inability to expectorate and take deep breaths. Over the last 25-30 years, there has been renewed interest in surgical stabilization of rib fractures, known colloquially as "rib plating". This review will present what you need to know in regards to triage decisions on whether or not to admit a patient to the hospital, the location to which they should be admitted, criteria and evidentiary support for SSRF, timing to SSRF, and operative technique...

A pneumothorax is a medical condition characterized by the presence of free air in the pleural cavity. Pneumothorax can be classified as spontaneous, traumatic, or iatrogenic. Spontaneous pneumothorax sustained from a jiu-jitsu-induced blunt trauma has not been described in any sports literature. This case report involves a 26-year-old male athlete who presented to the emergency room complaining of right-sided chest pain in the recumbent position and shortness of breath upon exertion. Breath sounds were diminished on the right with hyper resonance to percussion...