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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amir Karimzadeh, Kian Baradaran-Salimi, Berthold Voges, Ivayla Apostolova, Thomas Sauvigny, Michael Lanz, Susanne Klutmann, Stefan Stodieck, Philipp T Meyer, Ralph Buchert
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to assess the impact of the post-injection electrical seizure duration on the identification of the seizure onset zone (SOZ) in ictal brain perfusion SPECT in presurgical evaluation of drug-resistant epilepsy. METHODS: 176 ictal SPECT performed with 99m Tc-HMPAO (n = 140) or -ECD (n = 36) were included retrospectively. Visual interpretation of the SPECT images (together with individual MRI and statistical hyperperfusion maps) with respect to lateralization (right, left, none) and localization (temporal, frontal, parietal, occipital) of the SOZ was performed by 3 independent readers...
April 17, 2024: EJNMMI Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyle S Chan, Daniel McBride, Jacob Wild, Soyang Kwon, Jonathan Samet, Romie F Gibly
BACKGROUND: Acute musculoskeletal infection affects >1 in 6,000 children in the United States annually. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the gold standard for the diagnosis of musculoskeletal infection, but it traditionally requires contrast and anesthesia for children, delaying management. A rapid MRI protocol involves MRI without anesthesia and with limited non-contrast sequences optimized for fluid detection and diffusion-weighted images to identify abscesses. We hypothesized that a rapid MRI protocol would improve imaging and treatment efficiency for pediatric patients undergoing musculoskeletal infection evaluation without substantially affecting accuracy...
April 17, 2024: Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery. American Volume
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antonio Rosario Pisani, Dino Rubini, Corinna Altini, Nicola Lucarelli, Angela Gaudiano, Cristina Ferrari, Giuseppe Rubini
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunting is an established long-term treatment option for hydrocephalus, and is one of the most commonly performed neurosurgical procedures in western countries.Despite advances in CSF shunt design and management, its failure rates remain high and is most commonly due to obstruction and infection.Cerebrospinal fluidshunt failure diagnosis should be prompt and accurate in establishing timely if its revision is appropriate. Radionuclide shuntography with technetium-99m-diethylenetriaminepetaacetic acid (99m Tc-DTPA) is a useful technique for evaluation CSF shunts and management of patients presenting with shunt-related problems, in particular it can avoid unnecessary replacement interventions...
April 18, 2024: Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhivka Dancheva, Sophiya Chausheva, Tanya Stoeva, Marina Dyankova, Tsvetelina Yordanova, Borislav Chaushev, Rostislav Marinov, Viktor Nikolov, Pavel Abushev, Georgi Todorov, Eleonora Dimitrova, Aneliya Klisarova, Deyan Anakievski
OBJECTIVE: Recently, gallium-68-prostate-specific membrane antigen-11 (68 Ga-PSMA-11) positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) has become a key imaging method in prostate carcinoma staging and biochemical progression, with varying sensitivities in different studies (from 40% to 80%). After four years of experience with 68 Ga-PSMA-11 PET/CT, we found that it is possible to detect lesions with increased PSMA expression in patients with undetectable prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels after radical prostatectomy...
April 18, 2024: Hellenic Journal of Nuclear Medicine
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elia Marin, Davide Redolfi Bristol, Alfredo Rondinella, Alex Lanzutti, Pietro Riello
In this research, Raman imaging was employed to map various samples, and the resulting data were analyzed using a suite of automated tools to extract critical information, including intensity and signal-to-noise ratio. The acquired spectra were further processed to identify similarities and investigate patterns using principal component analysis. The objective of this study was to establish guidelines for investigating Raman imaging results, particularly when dealing with large datasets comprising thousands of relatively low-intensity spectra...
April 17, 2024: Analytical Methods: Advancing Methods and Applications
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Austin Young, Kevin Tan, Faiq Tariq, Michael X Jin, Avraham Y Bluestone
Introduction In recent years, artificial intelligence (AI) in medical imaging has undergone unprecedented innovation and advancement, sparking a revolutionary transformation in healthcare. The field of radiology is particularly implicated, as clinical radiologists are expected to interpret an ever-increasing number of complex cases in record time. Machine learning software purchased by our institution is expected to help our radiologists come to a more prompt diagnosis by delivering point-of-care quantitative analysis of suspicious findings and streamlining clinical workflow...
March 2024: Curēus
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aslan Karaaslan, Zhuanghua Shi
Subjective time perception can change based on a stimulus's valence and expectancy. Yet, it is unclear how these two factors might interact to shape our sense of how long something lasts. Here, we conducted two experiments examining the effects of temporal and probabilistic expectancy on the perceived duration of images with varying emotional valence. In Experiment 1, we varied the temporal predictive cue with varying stimulus-onset asynchronies (SOAs), while in Experiment 2, we manipulated the cue-emotion probabilistic associations...
April 16, 2024: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: QJEP
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lixin Lei, Kaitai Han, Zijun Wang, Chaojing Shi, Zhenghui Wang, Ruoyan Dai, Zhiwei Zhang, Mengqiu Wang, Qianjin Guo
The latest breakthroughs in spatially resolved transcriptomics technology offer comprehensive opportunities to delve into gene expression patterns within the tissue microenvironment. However, the precise identification of spatial domains within tissues remains challenging. In this study, we introduce AttentionVGAE (AVGN), which integrates slice images, spatial information and raw gene expression while calibrating low-quality gene expression. By combining the variational graph autoencoder with multi-head attention blocks (MHA blocks), AVGN captures spatial relationships in tissue gene expression, adaptively focusing on key features and alleviating the need for prior knowledge of cluster numbers, thereby achieving superior clustering performance...
March 27, 2024: Briefings in Bioinformatics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sherman Lin, Christopher Tran, Ela Bandari, Tommaso Romagnoli, Yueyang Li, Michael Chu, Abinaya S Amirthakatesan, Adam Dallmann, Andrii Kostiukov, Angel Panizo, Anjelica Hodgson, Anna R Laury, Antonio Polonia, Ashley E Stueck, Aswathy A Menon, Aurélien Morini, Birsen Özamrak, Caroline Cooper, Celestine Marie G Trinidad, Christian Eisenlöffel, Dauda E Suleiman, David Suster, David A Dorward, Eman A Aljufairi, Fiona Maclean, Gulen Gul, Irene Sansano, Irma E Erana-Rojas, Isidro Machado, Ivana Kholova, Jayanthi Karunanithi, Jean-Baptiste Gibier, Jefree J Schulte, Joshua J X Li, Jyoti R Kini, Katrina Collins, Laurence A Galea, Louis Muller, Luca Cima, Luiz M Nova-Camacho, Marcus Dabner, Matthew J Muscara, Matthew G Hanna, Mehdi Agoumi, Nicholas J P Wiebe, Nicola K Oswald, Nusrat Zahra, Olaleke O Folaranmi, Oleksandr Kravtsov, Orhan Semerci, Namrata N Patil, Preethi Muthusamy Sundar, Prem Charles, Priyadarshini Kumaraswamy Rajeswaran, Qi Zhang, Rachael van der Griend, Raghavendra Pillappa, Raul Perret, Raul S Gonzalez, Robyn C Reed, Sachin Patil, Xiaoyin Sara Jiang, Sumaira Qayoom, Susan Prendeville, Swikrity U Baskota, Thanh-Truc Tran, Thar-Htet San, Tiia-Maria Kukkonen, Timothy J Kendall, Toros Taskin, Tristan Rutland, Varsha Manucha, Vincent Cockenpot, Yale Rosen, Yessica P Rodriguez-Velandia, Zehra Ordulu, Matthew J Cecchini
Introduction. The identification of mitotic figures is essential for the diagnosis, grading, and classification of various different tumors. Despite its importance, there is a paucity of literature reporting the consistency in interpreting mitotic figures among pathologists. This study leverages publicly accessible datasets and social media to recruit an international group of pathologists to score an image database of more than 1000 mitotic figures collectively. Materials and Methods. Pathologists were instructed to randomly select a digital slide from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) datasets and annotate 10-20 mitotic figures within a 2 mm2 area...
April 16, 2024: International Journal of Surgical Pathology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chanwoo Kim, Soham U Gadgil, Alex J DeGrave, Jesutofunmi A Omiye, Zhuo Ran Cai, Roxana Daneshjou, Su-In Lee
Building trustworthy and transparent image-based medical artificial intelligence (AI) systems requires the ability to interrogate data and models at all stages of the development pipeline, from training models to post-deployment monitoring. Ideally, the data and associated AI systems could be described using terms already familiar to physicians, but this requires medical datasets densely annotated with semantically meaningful concepts. In the present study, we present a foundation model approach, named MONET (medical concept retriever), which learns how to connect medical images with text and densely scores images on concept presence to enable important tasks in medical AI development and deployment such as data auditing, model auditing and model interpretation...
April 16, 2024: Nature Medicine
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seyed Mohammad-Reza Abolmaali, Mostafa Tarkesh, Seyed Alireza Mousavi, Hamidreza Karimzadeh, Saeid Pourmanafi, Sima Fakheran
The biodiversity of an ecosystem is greatly influenced by the spatio-temporal pattern of the landscape. Understanding how landscape type affects habitat quality (HQ) is important for maintaining environmental and ecological sustainability, preserving biodiversity, and guaranteeing ecological health. This research examined the relationship between the HQ and landscape pattern. The study presented an interpretation of the biodiversity variation associated with the landscape pattern in the Zayanderud Dam watershed area by integrating the Land Change Modeler and the InVEST model...
April 16, 2024: Scientific Reports
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valentina Scarponi, Michel Duprez, Florent Nageotte, Stéphane Cotin
PURPOSE: The treatment of cardiovascular diseases requires complex and challenging navigation of a guidewire and catheter. This often leads to lengthy interventions during which the patient and clinician are exposed to X-ray radiation. Deep reinforcement learning approaches have shown promise in learning this task and may be the key to automating catheter navigation during robotized interventions. Yet, existing training methods show limited capabilities at generalizing to unseen vascular anatomies, requiring to be retrained each time the geometry changes...
April 16, 2024: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengyao Chen, Meng Zhang, Lijuan Yin, Lu Ma, Renxing Ding, Tao Zheng, Qiang Yue, Su Lui, Huaiqiang Sun
OBJECTIVES: To build self-supervised foundation models for multicontrast MRI of the whole brain and evaluate their efficacy in assisting diagnosis of brain tumors. METHODS: In this retrospective study, foundation models were developed using 57,621 enhanced head MRI scans through self-supervised learning with a pretext task of cross-contrast context restoration with two different content dropout schemes. Downstream classifiers were constructed based on the pretrained foundation models and fine-tuned for brain tumor detection, discrimination, and molecular status prediction...
April 16, 2024: European Radiology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Siepmann, Marc Huppertz, Annika Rastkhiz, Matthias Reen, Eric Corban, Christian Schmidt, Stephan Wilke, Philipp Schad, Can Yüksel, Christiane Kuhl, Daniel Truhn, Sven Nebelung
OBJECTIVES: Large language models (LLMs) have shown potential in radiology, but their ability to aid radiologists in interpreting imaging studies remains unexplored. We investigated the effects of a state-of-the-art LLM (GPT-4) on the radiologists' diagnostic workflow. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, six radiologists of different experience levels read 40 selected radiographic [n = 10], CT [n = 10], MRI [n = 10], and angiographic [n = 10] studies unassisted (session one) and assisted by GPT-4 (session two)...
April 16, 2024: European Radiology
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ted Nilsson, Pawel Rasinski, Örjan Smedby, Siri Af Burén, Ernesto Sparrelid, J Matthias Löhr, Thuy A Tran, August Blomgren, Antonios Tzortzakakis, Rimma Axelsson, Maria Holstensson
Fibroblast activation protein is a promising target for oncologic molecular imaging with radiolabeled fibroblast activation protein inhibitors (FAPI) in a large variety of cancers. However, there are yet no published recommendations on how to set up an optimal imaging protocol for FAPI PET/CT. It is important to optimize the acquisition duration and strive toward an acquisition that is sufficiently short while simultaneously providing sufficient image quality to ensure a reliable diagnosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of reducing the acquisition duration of [68 Ga]FAPI-46 imaging while maintaining satisfactory image quality, with certainty that the radiologist's ability to make a clinical diagnosis would not be affected...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Nuclear Medicine Technology
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoguang Li, Yichao Zhou, Hongxia Yin, Pengfei Zhao, Ruowei Tang, Han Lv, Yating Qin, Li Zhuo, Zhenchang Wang
The absence of bone wall located in the jugular bulb and sigmoid sinus of the temporal bone is one of the important reasons for pulsatile tinnitus. Automatic and accurate detection of these abnormal singes in CT slices has important theoretical significance and clinical value. Due to the shortage of abnormal samples, imbalanced samples, small inter-class differences, and low interpretability, existing deep-learning methods are greatly challenged. In this paper, we proposed a sub-features orthogonal decoupling model, which can effectively disentangle the representation features into class-specific sub-features and class-independent sub-features in a latent space...
April 12, 2024: Computerized Medical Imaging and Graphics: the Official Journal of the Computerized Medical Imaging Society
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Song, Yiyan Zhuang, Yifan Yang, Deyan Xie, Changjun Min, Xiaocong Yuan
Relying on the strong optical absorption of hemoglobin to pulsed laser energy, photoacoustic microscopy provides morphological and functional information on microvasculature label-freely. Here, we propose speckle variance photoacoustic microscopy (SV-PAM), which harnesses intrinsic imaging contrast from temporal-varied photoacoustic signals of moving red blood cells in blood vessels, for recovering three-dimension hemodynamic images down to capillary-level resolution within the microcirculatory tissue beds in vivo ...
April 16, 2024: ACS Sensors
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yukihiro Nomura, Shouhei Hanaoka, Naoto Hayashi, Takeharu Yoshikawa, Saori Koshino, Chiaki Sato, Momoko Tatsuta, Yuya Tanaka, Shintaro Kano, Moto Nakaya, Shohei Inui, Masashi Kusakabe, Takahiro Nakao, Soichiro Miki, Takeyuki Watadani, Ryusuke Nakaoka, Akinobu Shimizu, Osamu Abe
PURPOSE: The quality and bias of annotations by annotators (e.g., radiologists) affect the performance changes in computer-aided detection (CAD) software using machine learning. We hypothesized that the difference in the years of experience in image interpretation among radiologists contributes to annotation variability. In this study, we focused on how the performance of CAD software changes with retraining by incorporating cases annotated by radiologists with varying experience. METHODS: We used two types of CAD software for lung nodule detection in chest computed tomography images and cerebral aneurysm detection in magnetic resonance angiography images...
April 16, 2024: International Journal of Computer Assisted Radiology and Surgery
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Agata Szleper, Magdalena Lachowska, Tomasz Wojciechowski, Kazimierz Niemczyk
<b><br>Introduction:</b> Congenital inner ear malformations resulting from embryogenesis may be visualized in radiological scans. Many attempts have been made to describe and classify the defects of the inner ear based on anatomical and radiological findings.</br> <b><br>Aim:</b> The aim was to propose and discuss computed tomography multi-planar and 3D image assessment protocols for detailed analysis of inner ear malformations in patients undergoing cochlear implantation counseling...
April 9, 2024: Otolaryngologia Polska
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kyubo Shin, Hokyung Choung, Min Joung Lee, Jongchan Kim, Gyeong Min Lee, Seongmi Kim, Jae Hyuk Kim, Richul Oh, Jisun Park, Sang Muk Lee, Jaemin Park, Namju Kim, Jae Hoon Moon
BACKGROUND: We previously developed a machine learning (ML)-assisted system for predicting the clinical activity score (CAS) in thyroid-associated orbitopathy (TAO) using digital facial images taken by a DSLR camera in a studio setting. In this study, we aimed to apply this system to smartphones and detect active TAO (CAS ≥ 3) using facial images captured by smartphone cameras. We evaluated the performance of our system on various smartphone models and compared it with the performance of ophthalmologists with varying clinical experience...
April 16, 2024: Thyroid: Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
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