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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fan Zhang, Chenwei Huang, Wenjie Yan, Hui Ouyang, Weizhi Liu
BACKGROUND: Cognitive models of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) highlighted the effect of maladaptive cognitive processing in the development and maintenance of PTSD. PTSD is related to attentional bias (AB) toward threatening stimuli and greater attentional bias variability (ABV). Attentional bias modification (ABM) and attention control training (ACT) have demonstrated the effect of improving PTSD, but the results of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) are controversial. OBJECTIVES: The current study aimed to evaluate the extent of evidence supporting the efficacy of ABM in the treatment of PTSD...
2024: Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mikael Björnson, Ann Mari Svensson, Cecilia He, Magnus Sköld, Sven Nyrén, Malin Nygren-Bonnier, Judith Bruchfeld, Michael Runold, Francesca Campoccia Jalde, Anna Kistner
BACKGROUND: Few studies consider both radiological and functional outcomes in COVID-19 survivors treated in the intensive care unit (ICU). We investigated clinical findings and pulmonary abnormalities on chest computed tomography (CT) and compared outcomes of severe versus mild-moderate acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) on long-term follow-up. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study included 118 COVID-19 patients (median age, 58 years; 79% men). Thoracic CT scans were performed 4, 10, and 22 months after hospital discharge...
2024: Frontiers in Medicine
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tasmania Del Pino-Sedeño, Himar González-Pacheco, Beatriz González de León, Pedro Serrano-Pérez, Francisco Javier Acosta Artiles, Cristina Valcarcel-Nazco, Isabel Hurtado-Navarro, Cristobalina Rodríguez Álvarez, María M Trujillo-Martín
AIM: To assess the effectiveness of two interventions of knowledge transfer and behavior modification to improve medication adherence in patients with depressive disorders. METHODS: An open, multicenter, three-arm clinical trial with random allocation by cluster to usual care or to one of the two interventions. The intervention for psychiatrists (PsI) included an educational program based on a patient-centered care model. The intervention for patients and relatives (PtI) included a collaborative care program plus a reminder system that works using an already available medication reminder application...
2024: Frontiers in Public Health
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eman M Moustafa, Foad A Farrag, Mustafa Shukry, Haguer M Salah El-Din, Amira A Omar
BACKGROUND: Mannanoligosaccharides (MOS) usage in fish production has drawn more attention because of their positive benefits on disease resistance and fish performance. AIM: The ongoing research was executed to assess the potential advantages of Bio-Mos® dietary supplementation regarding the growth outcomes, physiological response, oxidative biomarkers, and immunity-linked gene expression in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) fingerlings exposed to bacterial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila ...
January 2024: Open Veterinary Journal
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eman Moustafa Moustafa, Mustafa Shukry, Mohamed M Zayed, Foad A Farrag, Wesam E Abd El-Aziz, Amira A Omar
BACKGROUND: Organic selenium (Sel-Plex® ) supplementation holds considerable promise for improving the effectiveness of fish production. AIM: This experiment was accomplished to judge the potential benefits of Sel-Plex® nutritional additive on growth outcomes, physiological response, oxidative status, and immunity-linked gene expression in Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ) fingerlings exposed to bacterial infection with Aeromonas hydrophila . METHODS: Utilizing a basal diet of 30% protein, four experimental diets were prepared, each of which contained Sel-Plex® at concentrations of 0...
January 2024: Open Veterinary Journal
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alessandro Bossi, Leonardo Bianchi, Paola Saccomandi, Antonio Pifferi
Thermal therapies treat tumors by means of heat, greatly reducing pain, post-operation complications, and cost as compared to traditional methods. Yet, effective tools to avoid under- or over-treatment are mostly needed, to guide surgeons in laparoscopic interventions. In this work, we investigated the temperature-dependent optical signatures of ex-vivo calf brain, lung, and heart tissues based on the reduced scattering and absorption coefficients in the near-infrared spectral range (657 to 1107 nm). These spectra were measured by time domain diffuse optics, applying a step-like spatially homogeneous thermal treatment at 43 °C, 60 °C, and 80 °C...
April 1, 2024: Biomedical Optics Express
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph F Merola, April Armstrong, Saakshi Khattri, So Yeon Paek, Byron Padilla, Cuiyong Yue, Huzefa Photowala, Blair Kaplan, Lars Erik Kristensen
In the KEEPsAKE 1 (NCT03675308) and KEEPsAKE 2 (NCT03671148) phase 3 trials, risankizumab demonstrated greater efficacy compared with placebo in patients with active psoriatic arthritis (PsA). This post hoc integrated analysis evaluated achieving the following efficacy outcomes at weeks 24 and 52 by baseline demographics and clinical characteristics: ≥20%/50%/70% improvement in American College of Rheumatology response criteria (ACR20/50/70), ≥90% improvement in Psoriasis Area and Severity Index, minimal disease activity status, Low Disease Activity status (Disease Activity in Psoriatic Arthritis), and minimal clinically important difference in pain...
December 2024: Journal of Dermatological Treatment
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Breanne Aylward, Ashlee Cunsolo, Susan Clayton, Kelton Minor, Madison Cooper, Susan Chatwood, Sherilee Harper
BACKGROUND: Climate change poses a substantial threat to the mental wellbeing of young people. Population-level research is urgently needed to help inform policies and interventions to ensure that young people are not burdened by long-term mental health impacts from climate change. We sought to identify the prevalence, distribution, and factors associated with climate change-related mental and emotional health outcomes among young people (aged 13-34 years) in Canada. METHODS: This study is part of a larger cross-sectional survey, which examined mental and emotional health responses to climate change among individuals aged 13 years or older from across Canada...
April 2024: Lancet. Planetary Health
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tulsi Modi, Leeya Pressburger, Samuel Myers
BACKGROUND: Climate change and mental health outcomes are two of the most pressing global crises. Despite the increasing global mental health burden, climate-related mental health outcomes research is nascent and isolated, with substantial gaps across regions and disciplines. Connecting Climate Minds is a global initiative connecting researchers, experts, and people with lived experience of adverse mental health outcomes to identify regional research needs and create a community to support improved climate-related mental health outcomes...
April 2024: Lancet. Planetary Health
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clive Ellegaard, Mogens T Levinsen
While bouncing walking silicone oil droplets (walkers) do show many quantumlike phenomena, the original, most intriguing, double-slit experiment with walkers has been shown to be an overinterpretation of data. Several experiments and numerical simulations have proven that for at least some parameter region there is no randomness. Still, true randomness was claimed to be observed in an experiment on chaotically bouncing walkers. Also, most of the available phase space has not been investigated. The main goal of this paper is therefore to look for true interference and chaos in the entire phase space...
March 2024: Physical Review. E
#31
REVIEW
Emanuele Valeriani, Antonio Falletta, Daniele Pastori, Angelo Porfidia, Claudio Maria Mastroianni, Silvia Di Bari, Eleonora Motta, Pasquale Pignatelli, Alessandra Oliva
BACKGROUND: Midregional-proAdrenomedullin (MR-proADM) has been recently proposed as a tool in patients with sepsis and septic shock. Our aim was to evaluate the prognostic role of MR-proADM in hospitalized patients with sepsis and septic shock. METHODS: PRISMA guideline was followed. MEDLINE and EMBASE were searched up to June 2023. Primary outcome was mean difference in MR-proADM among survivors and nonsurvivors, secondary outcome mean difference in MR-proADM according to infection severity and type...
April 17, 2024: European Journal of Clinical Investigation
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gábor Csukly, Boglárka Orbán-Szigeti, Karolin Suri, Réka Zsigmond, Levente Hermán, Viktória Simon, Anita Kabaji, Barnabás Bata, Péter Hársfalvi, Edit Vass, Éva Csibri, Kinga Farkas, János Réthelyi
BACKGROUND: Treatment effects of conventional approaches with antipsychotics or psychosocial interventions are limited when it comes to reducing negative and cognitive symptoms in schizophrenia. While there is emerging clinical evidence that new, augmented protocols based on theta-burst stimulation can increase rTMS efficacy dramatically in depression, data on similar augmented therapies are limited in schizophrenia. The different patterns of network impairments in subjects may underlie that some but not all patients responded to given stimulation locations...
April 17, 2024: Trials
#33
Rui Luo, Yanan Wang, Ruixin Li, Yanan Ma, Haitao Chen, Jian Zhang, Jun Shen
BACKGROUND: Oral leukoplakia (OLK) is a prevalent precancerous lesion with limited non-pharmacological treatment options. Surgery and various lasers are the mainstay of treatment; however, their relative efficacy and optimal choice remain unclear. This first network meta-analysis compared the effects of different lasers and surgical excision on post-treatment recurrence and comfort in OLK patients. METHODS: We searched four databases for relevant randomized controlled trials (RCTs) up to April 2023...
April 17, 2024: BMC Oral Health
#34
REVIEW
Luigi di Filippo, John P Bilezikian, Ernesto Canalis, Umberto Terenzi, Andrea Giustina
BACKGROUND: Endocrine regulation of bone metabolisms is the focus of the "Skeletal Endocrinology" series of meetings. AIMS: To report on the outcome of the discussion on the role of vitamin D/PTH axis in endocrine osteopathies held during the 10th Skeletal Endocrinology Meeting which took place in Stresa (Italy) in March 2023. OUTCOMES: Vitamin D/PTH axis has relevant influence on several outcomes in the general population and in patients affected by endocrinopathies such as hypoparathyroidism and secreting pituitary adenomas...
April 17, 2024: Endocrine
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenzhi Sun, Shuaikang Wang, Baobao Wang, Yongjin Li, Xiaolong Chen, Chao Kong, Peng Wang, Shibao Lu
PURPOSE: To evaluate outcomes of choosing different Roussouly shapes and improving in Schwab modifiers for surgical Roussouly type 1 patients. METHODS: Baseline (BL) and 2-year (2Y) clinical data of adult spinal deformity (ASD) patients presenting with Roussouly type 1 sagittal spinal alignment were isolated in the single-center spine database. Patients were grouped into Roussouly type 1, 2 and 3 with anteverted pelvis (3a) postoperatively. Schwab modifiers at BL and 2Y were categorized as follows: no deformity (0), moderate deformity (+), and severe deformity (++) for pelvic tilt (PT), sagittal vertical axis (SVA), and pelvic incidence and lumbar lordosis mismatch (PI-LL)...
April 17, 2024: European Spine Journal
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyun Wook Yang, A Ra Kho, Song Hee Lee, Beom Seok Kang, Min Kyu Park, Chang Jun Lee, Se Wan Park, Seo Young Woo, Dong Yeon Kim, Hyun Ho Jung, Bo Young Choi, Won Il Yang, Hong Ki Song, Hui Chul Choi, Jin Kyu Park, Sang Won Suh
Epilepsy, a complex neurological disorder, is characterized by recurrent seizures caused by aberrant electrical activity in the brain. Central to this study is the role of lysosomal dysfunction in epilepsy, which can lead to the accumulation of toxic substrates and impaired autophagy in neurons. Our focus is on phosphodiesterase-4 (PDE4), an enzyme that plays a crucial role in regulating intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels by converting it into adenosine monophosphate (AMP). In pathological states, including epilepsy, increased PDE4 activity contributes to a decrease in cAMP levels, which may exacerbate neuroinflammatory responses...
April 16, 2024: Neurotherapeutics: the Journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rabi Tawil, Kathryn R Wagner, Johanna I Hamel, Doris G Leung, Jeffrey M Statland, Leo H Wang, Angela Genge, Sabrina Sacconi, Hanns Lochmüller, David Reyes-Leiva, Jordi Diaz-Manera, Jorge Alonso-Perez, Nuria Muelas, Juan J Vilchez, Alan Pestronk, Summer Gibson, Namita A Goyal, Lawrence J Hayward, Nicholas Johnson, Samantha LoRusso, Miriam Freimer, Perry B Shieh, S H Subramony, Baziel van Engelen, Joost Kools, Olof Dahlqvist Leinhard, Per Widholm, Christopher Morabito, Christopher M Moxham, Diego Cadavid, Michelle L Mellion, Adefowope Odueyungbo, William G Tracewell, Anthony Accorsi, Lucienne Ronco, Robert J Gould, Jennifer Shoskes, Luis Alejandro Rojas, John G Jiang
BACKGROUND: Facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy is a hereditary progressive myopathy caused by aberrant expression of the transcription factor DUX4 in skeletal muscle. No approved disease-modifying treatments are available for this disorder. We aimed to assess the safety and efficacy of losmapimod (a small molecule that inhibits p38α MAPK, a regulator of DUX4 expression, and p38β MAPK) for the treatment of facioscapulohumeral muscular dystrophy. METHODS: We did a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled phase 2b trial at 17 neurology centres in Canada, France, Spain, and the USA...
May 2024: Lancet Neurology
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Mannino, Pietro Sollena, Alessandro Di Stefani, Ernesto Rossi, Ettore D'Argento, Giovanni Schinzari, Giampaolo Tortora, Ketty Peris
BACKGROUND: novel oncologic therapies, including epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors (EGFR-Is) and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), are associated with a new spectrum of adverse reactions, with prominent cutaneous toxicities. The impact of cutaneous adverse events (cAEs) on patients' quality of life (QoL) represents an unmet clinical need. OBJECTIVES: 1) to assess whether cutaneous toxicities directed therapies are effective in reducing the QoL burden via the submission of two patient reported outcome measures (PROMs); 2) to investigate whether class of oncologic therapy, type of cAE and toxicity severity differently impact on patients' QoL...
April 17, 2024: Dermatology: International Journal for Clinical and Investigative Dermatology
#39
REVIEW
Mariam El Assar, Isabel Rodríguez-Sánchez, Alejandro Álvarez-Bustos, Leocadio Rodríguez-Mañas
Several biomarkers have been proposed to identify frailty, a multisystemic age-related syndrome. However, the complex pathophysiology and the absence of a consensus on a comprehensive and universal definition make it challenging to pinpoint a singular biomarker or set of biomarkers that conclusively characterize frailty. This review delves into the main laboratory biomarkers, placing special emphasis on those associated with various pathways closely tied to the frailty condition, such as inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic and endocrine alterations and microRNA...
April 16, 2024: Molecular Aspects of Medicine
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zihang Wei, Yang Zhou, Zihao Li, Mihir Kulkarni, Yunlong Zhang
The existing methodologies for allocating highway safety improvement funding closely rely on the utilization of crash prediction models. Specifically, these models produce predictions that estimate future crash hazard levels in different geographical areas, which subsequently support the future funding allocation strategies. In recent years, there is a burgeoning interest in applying artificial intelligence (AI)-based models to perform crash prediction tasks. Despite the remarkable accuracy of these AI-based crash prediction models, they have been observed to yield biased prediction outcomes across areas of different socioeconomic statuses...
April 16, 2024: Accident; Analysis and Prevention
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