Helicobater pylori

BACKGROUND: Traditional standard triple therapy for Helicobacter pylori infection (PPI-clarithromycin-amoxicillin) can easily be converted to non-bismuth quadruple (concomitant) therapy by the addition of a nitroimidazole twice daily. AIM: To critically review evidence on the role of non-bismuth quadruple therapy (PPI-clarithromycin-amoxicillin-nitroimidazole) in the treatment of H. pylori infection. METHODS: Bibliographical searches were performed in MEDLINE and relevant congresses...

IMPORTANCE OF THE FIELD: Standard triple therapy (STT) is the most used treatment for Helicobater pylori infection. The prevalence of antibiotic resistance has increased substantially in recent years and there has been a corresponding decrease in efficacy. AREAS COVERED IN THIS REVIEW: Bibliographical searches were performed in MEDLINE and international congresses up to 2009 for 'Helicobacter pylori' AND 'sequential regimen/therapy'. WHAT THE READER WILL GAIN: Several meta-analyses have demonstrated that sequential therapy (SQT) is more effective than STT...

BACKGROUND: The bacterial endospore (spore) has recently been proposed as a new surface display system. Antigens and enzymes have been successfully exposed on the surface layers of the Bacillus subtilis spore, but only in a few cases the efficiency of expression and the effective surface display and have been determined. We used this heterologous expression system to produce the A subunit of the urease of the animal pathogen Helicobater acinonychis. Ureases are multi-subunit enzymes with a central role in the virulence of various bacterial pathogens and necessary for colonization of the gastric mucosa by the human pathogen H...

Asparaginase from Helicobacterpylori has been cloned and expressed in E. coli cells. Optimization of culturing and expression conditions allowed achieving stable synthesis of catalytically active asparaginase amounting up to 6% of total bacterial protein. A method developed for enzyme purification included a single chromatographic stage and provided more than sixty percent yield of homogeneous asparaginase. Specific asparaginase and glutaminase activities were estimated to 92 and 8,3 x 10(-3) ME/mg respectively...

AIM: To compare the efficacy of a 7-d vs 10-d triple therapy regarding H pylori eradication, endoscopic findings and histological gastric inflammatory inactivation in the Ecuadorian population. METHODS: 136 patients with dyspepsia and H pylori infection were randomized in 2 groups (68 per group): group 1, 7-d therapy; group 2, 10-d therapy. Both groups received the same medication and daily dosage: omeprazole 20 mg bid, clarithromycin 500 mg bid and amoxicillin 1 g bid...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a widespread human pathogen causing peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis. Maintaining nickel homeostasis is crucial for the establishment of H. pylori infection in humans. We used immobilized-nickel affinity chromatography to isolate Ni-related proteins from H. pylori cell extracts. Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry were employed to separate and identify twenty two Ni-interacting proteins in H. pylori. These Ni-interacting proteins can be classified into several general functional categories, including cellular processes (HspA, HspB, TsaA, and NapA), enzymes (Urease, Fumarase, GuaB, Cad, PPase, and DmpI), membrane-associated proteins (OM jhp1427 and HpaA), iron storage protein (Pfr), and hypothetical proteins (HP0271, HP jhp0216, HP jhp0301, HP0721, HP0614, and HP jhp0118)...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Long-term Helicobater pylori infection results in atrophic gastritis and intestinal metaplasia, and increases the risk of gastric cancer. However, it is still controversial that eradication of H. pylori improves atrophy or metaplasia. Therefore, we investigated histological changes after the H. pylori eradication in patients with atrophy or metaplasia. METHODS: One hundred seven patients who received successful eradication of H. pylori infection in Hanyang University, Guri Hospital from March 2001 to April 2006, were enrolled...

BACKGROUND: The absence of sonic hedgehog (Shh) correlates with the development of intestinal metaplasia (IM) suggesting the possibility of an association between Shh expression and neoplastic transformation. AIM: To examine Shh expression in the noncancerous mucosa of patients with gastric cancer and compare it to Shh expression in Helicobater pylori-infected and uninfected controls. We also assessed the relationship between the type of IM and Shh expression. METHODS: Fifty-three patients with endoscopic mucosal resection (EMR) for early gastric cancer and 48 sex- and age-matched controls were studied...

Most of the factors involved in the pathogenesis of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), previously described in European, Australian, and American studies, are present in Chinese patients with GERD, but at a lower scale. The acidity of gastric contents is reduced either spontaneously or by Helicobater pylori infection. A low-fat diet probably contributes to a more favorable gastric distribution of the meals, reduced obesity, and lowers the number of TLESRs. The prevalence of hiatal hernia is low and esophageal motility disorders are moderate...

Granulomas in gastric biopsy specimens are extremely rare, and in Western countries, more than half are associated with Crohn's disease. To evaluate the incidence and their etiology in a gastric carcinoma (and Helicobater pylori infection)-prevalent area, gastric mucosal biopsies were reviewed and their clinicopathologic findings were analyzed. The clinicopathologic diagnoses of the 18 patients with granulomatous gastritis were as follows: chronic gastritis with (n = 14) and without (n = 1) H. pylori infection; gastric adenocarcinomas (n = 2); and Crohn's disease (n = 1)...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Despite the fact that Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is regarded as a major gastroduodenal pathogen, it has recently been suggested to be an important factor for non-gastroenterologic conditions such as diabetes mellitus. Accordingly, it seems that Hp infection may have implications in glycemic control and in fasting plasma glucose concentrations. As overnutrition and obesity are directly related to impaired glucose tolerance, the aim of the present study was to determine whether Hp infection leads to alterations in fasting plasma glucose concentrations of Hp carriers and especially in relation to their body mass index...

To determine the prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection in North American patients with immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and the effect of H pylori eradication on the platelet count, a prospective study was performed. Seventy-four patients aged 10 years and older (mean age of 41 years) with chronic ITP and a platelet count below 60 x 10(9)/L were enrolled. H pylori infection was found in 22% of patients by means of a breath test and could not be predicted by gastrointestinal symptoms. H pylori-positive patients (52...

Oxygen radicals are important regulators in Helicobacter pylori-induced gastric ulceration and carcinogenesis. IL-8 may be regulated by oxidant-sensitive transcription factors, NF-kappaB, and AP-1. The present study aims to investigate whether H. pylori-induced IL-8 expression is regulated by NF-kappaB and AP-1 in gastric epithelial AGS cells and whether this transcriptional regulation of IL-8 is inhibited by N-acetylcysteine (NAC). As a result, H. pylori induced the expression of mRNA and protein for IL-8 via activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1...

Infection with Helicobater pylori (H. pylori) is associated with various stomach diseases such as chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and gastric carcinoma. In order to investigate the mechanisms of enhanced production of pepsinogen by H. pylori in cultured rat gastric cells that have the potential to produce pepsinogen, secretion and synthesis of pepsinogen in the cells exposed to H. pylori extract were determined by measuring the hydrolysis of hemoglobin. Various drugs were used to study the mechanisms of effects of H...

The approach to the management of gastric lymphoma must begin with a precise pathologic diagnosis based on histologic examination and immunophenotyping, at a minimum. This should be followed by detailed staging procedures that include endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS). Most primary gastric lymphomas are low-grade Mucosa-Associated Lymphoid Tissue (MALT) or large-cell (high-grade) types. The treatments for these differ. For low-grade MALT lymphomas confined to the stomach, an attempt at eradication of Helicobater pylori is the first choice...

The study was performed in 224 patients with exacerbated chronic duodenal ulcer and with Helicobater pylori (H. pylori) infection. The infection was confirmed by histological techniques and rapid urease test. The patients were treated randomly with one of the triple therapies: 1) omeprazole with amoxicillin and clarithromycin, 2) omeprazole with clarithromycin and metronidazole or 3) colloidal bismuth with amoxicillin and metronidazole and after eradication the antiulcer drug was continued for 4 weeks. The control endoscopy was performed 6 weeks after the beginning of the therapy and during two-year follow-up...

AIM: Choice of optimal antihelicobacter (AH) treatment of ulcer. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 249 outpatients with duodenal ulcer associated with Helicobacter pylori entered a blind multicenter controlled trial. The patients were given one of the following drugs: metronidazole, tonidazol, amoxicilline, clarithromycin, rovamycin, omeprazole, azitromycin. RESULTS: Of all the drugs used, rovamycin appeared preferable as it has high AH activity, is safe and cost-effective...

Polarized epithelial monolayers of Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells were used to study the pathogenicity of Helicobater pylori, with an emphasis on the effect of VacA. The adherence of H. pylori to MDCK monolayers resulted in a decrease in trans-epithelial resistance (TER) across the cell monolayer. Isogenic vacA mutants did not lower the TER, demonstrating that the effect is strictly linked to the action of the toxin. A similar effect was observed with all VacA-producing strains, including those producing m2 toxins that are inactive in the vacuolating assay...

The aim of this study was to determine the level of endogenous prostaglandin E2 (PGE2), prostaglandin F1 alpha (6-keto-PGF1 alpha) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in the gastric and duodenal mucosa of patients with duodenal ulcer and duodenitis. Besides, the investigation aimed at determining the effect of smoking and infection by Helicobater pylori on prostaglandin synthesis. The investigation comprised 62 patients with duodenal ulcer, 46 patients with duodenitis and 44 controls. The results of our investigation indicate that the decreased prostaglandin synthesis in gastric and duodenal mucosa determined in patients with duodenal ulcer may have a considerable role in development of duodenal ulcer...