keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35322504/cognitive-and-quality-of-life-related-factors-of-body-mass-index-bmi-improvement-after-deep-brain-stimulation-in-the-subcallosal-cingulate-and-nucleus-accumbens-in-treatment-refractory-chronic-anorexia-nervosa
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Víctor Pérez, Gloria Villalba-Martínez, Matilde Elices, Rosa María Manero, Purificación Salgado, José María Ginés, Rocío Guardiola, Carlos Cedrón, María Polo, Ignacio Delgado-Martínez, Gerardo Conesa, Santiago Medrano, Maria J Portella
BACKGROUND: Up to 20% of the cases of anorexia nervosa (AN) are chronic and treatment-resistant. Recently, the efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for severe cases of AN has been explored, with studies showing an improvement in body mass index and other psychiatric outcomes. While the effects of DBS on cognitive domains have been studied in patients with other neurological and psychiatric conditions so far, no evidence has been gathered in AN. METHODS: Eight patients with severe, chronic, treatment-resistant AN received DBS either to the nucleus accumbens (NAcc) or subcallosal cingulate (SCC; four subjects on each target)...
July 2022: European Eating Disorders Review: the Journal of the Eating Disorders Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35104827/commentary-on-the-continued-investigational-status-of-dbs-for-psychiatric-indications
#22
REVIEW
Robert J Coffey, Stanley N Caroff
Behavioral disorders exact a tragic toll on patients, families, and society. Consequently, the search for better treatments is a public health priority. Recent research promises to lead to advances in psychiatric treatment that may include implantation of deep brain stimulation (DBS) devices. In this commentary, the authors discuss how promising results from initial pilot studies of DBS in treatment-resistant depression (TRD) were not validated in 2 randomized, controlled, multicenter trials. Reliance on pilot data may have contributed to the selection of primary efficacy endpoints that were not achieved, and to the underestimation of adverse events and device-related complications...
2022: Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35074092/behavioral-disorders
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeremy C Ganz
Making lesions in the brain to relieve the distress of mental illness has had a checkered career due to a mixture of misuse and also caution about making permanent lesions in the brain where there was no physical abnormality. However, over the last 10 years a more flexible approach has developed. The method is still in its infancy and very little used. However, GKNS has been shown to be useful for OCD and also some cases of sever anxiety. It has been attempted for depression and anorexia nervosa but at present its role for these conditions remains to be determined...
2022: Progress in Brain Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35053786/neurophysiological-characterization-of-posteromedial-hypothalamus-in-anaesthetized-patients
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jesús Pastor, Lorena Vega-Zelaya, Elena Martín-Abad
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) requires a precise localization, which is especially difficult at the hypothalamus, because it is usually performed in anesthetized patients. We aimed to characterize the neurophysiological properties posteromedial hypothalamus (PMH), identified by the best neurophysiological response to electrical stimulation. We obtained microelectrode recordings from four patients with intractable aggressivity operated under general anesthesia. We pooled data from 1.5 mm at PMH, 1.5 mm upper (uPMH) and 1...
December 29, 2021: Brain Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34952520/the-life-and-legacy-of-william-beecher-scoville
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andy Y Wang, Diang Liu, Joseph N Tingen, Harleen Saini, Vaishnavi Sharma, Alexandra Flores, Ron I Riesenburger
Dr. William Beecher Scoville (1906-1984) is a giant figure in the history of neurosurgery, well known by the public for his operation on Patient H.M. He developed dozens of neurosurgical instruments and techniques, with many tools named after him that are still widely used today. He founded numerous neurosurgical societies around the world. He led the movement in psychosurgery, developing the technique of selective orbital undercutting and performing hundreds of lobotomies throughout his career. However, his many contributions to the advancement of neurosurgery have not been well described in the medical literature...
December 24, 2021: Journal of Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34633060/nucleus-accumbens-as-a-stereotactic-target-for-the-treatment-of-addictions-in-humans-a-literature-review
#26
REVIEW
Michał Sobstyl, Anna Kupryjaniuk, Paweł Mierzejewski
INTRODUCTION: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has achieved substantial success as a treatment for movement disorders such as Parkinson's Disease (PD), essential tremor (ET), and dystonia. More recently, a limited number of basic and clinical studies have indicated that DBS of the nucleus accumbens (NAc) and other neighbouring structures of the reward circuit may be an effective intervention for patients with treatment-refractory addiction. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We performed a structured literature review of human studies of DBS for addiction outlining the clinical efficacy and adverse events...
2021: Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34621590/the-impact-of-subcaudate-tractotomy-on-delusions-and-hallucinations-in-psychotic-patients
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Osvaldo Vilela-Filho, Paulo C Ragazzo, Darianne Canêdo, Uadson S Barreto, Paulo M Oliveira, Lissa C Goulart, Manoel D Reis, Telma M Campos
BACKGROUND: Delusions and hallucinations, hallmarks of the psychotic disorders, usually do not respond to surgical intervention. For many years, the surgical technique of choice for the treatment of refractory aggressiveness in psychotic patients in our Service was amygdalotomy in isolation or associated with anterior cingulotomy. No improvement of hallucinations and delusions was noticed in any of these patients. To improve the control of aggression, subcaudate tractotomy was added to the previous surgical protocol...
2021: Surgical Neurology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34411559/the-anatomy-of-pain-and-suffering-in-the-brain-and-its-clinical-implications
#28
REVIEW
Dirk De Ridder, Divya Adhia, Sven Vanneste
Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Chronic pain, with a prevalence of 20-30 % is the major cause of human suffering worldwide, because effective, specific and safe therapies have yet to be developed. It is unevenly distributed among sexes, with women experiencing more pain and suffering. Chronic pain can be anatomically and phenomenologically dissected into three separable but interacting pathways, a lateral 'painfulness' pathway, a medial 'suffering' pathway and a descending pain inhibitory pathway...
November 2021: Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34403614/two-solitudes-wilder-penfield-ewen-cameron-and-the-search-for-a-better-lobotomy
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yvan Prkachin
In the 1940s, Wilder Penfield carried out a series of experimental psychosurgeries with the psychiatrist D. Ewen Cameron. This article explores Penfield's brief foray into psychosurgery and uses this episode to re-examine the emergence of his surgical enterprise. Penfield's greatest achievement - the surgical treatment of epilepsy - grew from the same roots as psychosurgery, and the histories of these treatments overlap in surprising ways. Within the contexts of Rockefeller-funded neuropsychiatry and Adolf Meyer's psychobiology, Penfield's frontal lobe operations (including a key operation on his sister) played a crucial role in the development of lobotomy in the 1930s...
2021: Canadian Bulletin of Medical History
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34266615/posterior-hypothalamus-as-a-target-in-the-treatment-of-aggression-from-lesioning-to-deep-brain-stimulation
#30
REVIEW
Michele Rizzi, Orsola Gambini, Carlo Efisio Marras
Intermittent explosive disorder can be described as a severe "affective aggression" condition, for which drugs and other supportive therapies are not fully effective. In the first half of the 19th century, experimental studies progressively increased knowledge of aggressive disorders. A neurobiologic approach revealed the posterior hypothalamic region as a key structure for the modulation of aggression. In the 1960s, patients with severe aggressive disorder, frequently associated with intellectual disability, were treated by bilateral stereotactic lesioning of the posterior hypothalamic area, with efficacy...
2021: Handbook of Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34217862/use-of-stereoelectroencephalography-beyond-epilepsy-a-systematic-review
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler Scullen, Nikhil Teja, Seo Ho Song, Mitchell Couldwell, Chris Carr, Mansour Mathkour, Darrin J Lee, R Shane Tubbs, Robert F Dallapiazza
BACKGROUND: Stereoelectroencephalography (sEEG) is an increasingly popular surgical technique used clinically to study neural circuits involved in medication-refractory epilepsy, and it is concomitantly used in the scientific investigation of neural circuitry underlying behavior. METHODS: Using PRISMA guidelines, the U.S. National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health PubMed database was queried for investigational or therapeutic applications of sEEG in human subjects...
November 2021: World Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34191074/the-proud-history-of-psychosurgery-in-the-usa
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Galante, Michael Schulder
To understand the development and growth of psychosurgery, the context of psychiatric care in the mid-twentieth-century USA must be considered-for example, overpopulation and understaffing of public institutions, and typical use of psychotherapy, which was generally useless in treating the symptomatology of severe mental illness. Therefore, the introduction of prefrontal lobotomy (and, later, transorbital lobotomy) by Drs. Walter Freeman and James Watts, who modified the technique of leukotomy developed by Nobel Prize laureate Dr...
2021: Acta Neurochirurgica. Supplement
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34017998/posteromedial-hypothalamic-deep-brain-stimulation-for-refractory-aggressiveness-in-a-patient-with-weaver-syndrome-clinical-technical-report-and-operative-video
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guillermo Blasco García de Andoain, Marta Navas García, Óscar González Aduna, Alvaro Bocos Portillo, Elena Ezquiaga Terrazas, José Luis Ayuso-Mateos, Jesús Pastor, Lorena Vega-Zelaya, Cristina V Torres
BACKGROUND AND IMPORTANCE: Deep brain stimulation of the posteromedial hypothalamus (PMH DBS) appears to be an effective treatment for drug-resistant aggressiveness. Weaver syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder in which patients develop some degree of intellectual disability and rarely severe behavioral alterations that may benefit from this procedure. CLINICAL PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 26-yr-old man diagnosed with WS presenting with uncontrollable self and heteroaggressiveness and disruptive behavior refractory to pharmacological treatment and under severe physical and mechanical restraining measures...
May 20, 2021: Operative Neurosurgery (Hagerstown, Md.)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33889100/magnetic-resonance-guided-focused-ultrasound-surgery-for-obsessive-compulsive-disorders-potential-for-use-as-a-novel-ablative-surgical-technique
#34
REVIEW
Kyung Won Chang, Hyun Ho Jung, Jin Woo Chang
Surgical treatment for psychiatric disorders, such as obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) and depression, using ablative techniques, such as cingulotomy and capsulotomy, have historically been controversial for a number of scientific, social, and ethical reasons. Recently, with the elucidation of anatomical and neurochemical substrates of brain function in healthy controls and patients with such disorders using various functional neuroimaging techniques, these criticisms are becoming less valid. Furthermore, by using new techniques, such as deep brain stimulation (DBS), and identifying more precise targets, beneficial effects and the lack of serious complications have been demonstrated in patients with psychiatric disorders...
2021: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33545682/from-kr%C3%A3-nlein-through-madness-to-a-useful-modern-surgery-the-journey-of-the-transorbital-corridor-to-enter-the-neurosurgical-armamentarium
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lena Mary Houlihan, Evgenii Belykh, Xiaochun Zhao, Michael G J O'Sullivan, Mark C Preul
Transorbital surgery has gained recent notoriety because of its incorporation into endoscopic skull base surgery. The use of this surgical corridor has been pervasive throughout the 20th century. It has been utilized by multiple disciplines for both clinical and experimental purposes, although its historical origin is medically and ethically controversial. Hermann Knapp first introduced the orbital surgical technique in 1874, and Rudolf Krönlein introduced his procedure in 1889. Rivalry between Walter Dandy in neurosurgery and Raynold Berke in ophthalmology further influenced methods of tackling intracranial and intraorbital pathologies...
February 5, 2021: Journal of Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33441307/ethical-examination-of-deep-brain-stimulation-s-last-resort-status
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian Stevens, Frederic Gilbert
Deep brain stimulation (DBS) interventions are novel devices being investigated for the management of severe treatment-resistant psychiatric illnesses. These interventions require the invasive implantation of high-frequency neurostimulatory probes intracranially aiming to provide symptom relief in treatment-resistant disorders including obsessive-compulsive disorder and anorexia nervosa. In the scientific literature, these neurostimulatory interventions are commonly described as reversible and to be used as a last resort option for psychiatric patients...
January 13, 2021: Journal of Medical Ethics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33354296/phineas-gage-s-great-legacy
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ricardo Vieira Teles
The case of Phineas Gage is an integral part of medical folklore. His accident still causes astonishment and curiosity and can be considered as the case that most influenced and contributed to the nineteenth century's neuropsychiatric discussion on the mind-brain relationship and brain topography. It was perhaps the first case to suggest the role of brain areas in determining personality and which specific parts of the brain, when affected, can induce specific mental changes. In addition, his case contributed to the emergence of the scientific approaches that would later culminate in psychosurgery...
December 2020: Dementia & Neuropsychologia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33236665/gottlieb-burckhardt-1836-1907-19th-century-pioneer-of-psychosurgery
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Spyros N Michaleas, Gregory Tsoucalas, Elias Tzavellas, George Stranjalis, Marianna Karamanou
Gottlieb Burckhardt was a 19th-century Swiss psychiatrist who introduced the psychosurgical method known as topectomy as a means to relieve the symptoms of aggression and agitation in individuals diagnosed with mental disease. Specifically, he performed topical excision of part of the cerebral cortex on 6 patients with chronic schizophrenia. Most of these patients became more approachable and easier to manage, but they also showed signs of aphasia or seizures, and 2 died soon after the surgery. Burckhardt's presentation of the results of his surgical procedures to the Berlin Medical Congress in 1890 caused an enormous controversy within the European medical community and resulted in his ostracism from it...
June 2021: Surgical Innovation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33071277/application-of-deep-brain-stimulation-for-treatment-resistant-obsessive-compulsive-disorder-current-status-and-future-perspectives-in-japan
#39
REVIEW
Hidenori Yamasue, Kenji Sugiyama
As in many Western countries, deep brain stimulation (DBS) is already being used daily in Japan to clinically treat neurological diseases such as Parkinson's disease, essential tremor, and dystonia. Additionally, in both Europe and the United States, numerous case reports as well as multicenter randomized controlled trials have examined its use for treatment-refractory mental illnesses such as obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and major depressive disorder. Based on a number of the reports, the European Union (EU) and the USA Food and Drug Administration (FDA) granted limited approval of DBS for treatment-resistant OCD in 2009...
November 15, 2020: Neurologia Medico-chirurgica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32599586/psychosurgery-in-the-history-of-stereotactic-functional-neurosurgery
#40
REVIEW
Lara Rzesnitzek, Marwan Hariz, Joachim K Krauss
The paper invites to reappraise the role of psychosurgery for and within the development of functional stereotactic neurosurgery. It highlights the significant and long-lived role of stereotactic neurosurgery in the treatment of severe and chronic mental disorders. Stereotactic neurosurgery developed out of psychosurgery. It was leucotomy for psychiatric disorders and chronic pain that paved the way for stereotactic dorsomedial thalamotomy in these indications and subsequently for stereotactic surgery in epilepsy and movement disorders...
2020: Stereotactic and Functional Neurosurgery
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