keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38456922/intracranial-complications-of-sinogenic-and-otogenic-infections-in-children-an-espn-survey-on-their-occurrence-in-the-pre-covid-and-post-covid-era
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
L Massimi, G Cinalli, P Frassanito, V Arcangeli, C Auer, V Baro, A Bartoli, F Bianchi, S Dietvorst, F Di Rocco, P Gallo, F Giordano, J Hinojosa, S Iglesias, V Jecko, G Kahilogullari, F Knerlich-Lukoschus, R Laera, D Locatelli, D Luglietto, M Luzi, M Messing-Jünger, R Mura, P Ragazzi, L Riffaud, J Roth, A Sagarribay, M Santos Pinheiro, P Spazzapan, P Spennato, N Syrmos, G Talamonti, L Valentini, M L Van Veelen, M Zucchelli, G Tamburrini
BACKGROUND: COVID-19 pandemic is thought to have changed the epidemiology of some pediatric neurosurgical disease: among them are the intracranial complications of sinusitis and otitis (ICSO). According to some studies on a limited number of cases, both streptococci-related sinusitis and ICSO would have increased immediately after the pandemic, although the reason is not clear yet (seasonal changes versus pandemic-related effects). The goal of the present survey of the European Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery (ESPN) was to collect a large number of cases from different European countries encompassing the pre-COVID (2017-2019), COVID (2020-2021), and post-COVID period (2022-June 2023) looking for possible epidemiological and/or clinical changes...
March 8, 2024: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38451881/pediatric-community-acquired-brain-abscesses-a-single-center-retrospective-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin Hai-Ning Lu, Nora Bruns, Christina Pentek, Adela Della Marina, Andrea Gangfuß, Heike Kölbel, Burcin Dogan, Jan Dziobaka, Yahya Ahmadipour, Philipp Damman, Ursula Felderhoff-Müser, Christian Dohna-Schwake, Sarah Christina Goretzki
The European Society for Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases recommends 3rd generation cephalosporins and metronidazole for empirical treatment of community-acquired brain abscesses. In 53 retrospectively analyzed pediatric patients with community-acquired brain abscesses at a German University Hospital Staphylococcus aureus was identified as a relevant pathogen (21%). Therefore, it may be reasonable to cover S. aureus when selecting empirical therapy.
March 5, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436309/-a-multi-center-epidemiological-study-on-pneumococcal-meningitis-in-children-from-2019-to-2020
#3
MULTICENTER STUDY
Cai-Yun Wang, Hong-Mei Xu, Gang Liu, Jing Liu, Hui Yu, Bi-Quan Chen, Guo Zheng, Min Shu, Li-Jun DU, Zhi-Wei Xu, Li-Su Huang, Hai-Bo Li, Dong Wang, Song-Ting Bai, Qing-Wen Shan, Chun-Hui Zhu, Jian-Mei Tian, Jian-Hua Hao, Ai-Wei Lin, Dao-Jiong Lin, Jin-Zhun Wu, Xin-Hua Zhang, Qing Cao, Zhong-Bin Tao, Yuan Chen, Guo-Long Zhu, Ping Xue, Zheng-Zhen Tang, Xue-Wen Su, Zheng-Hai Qu, Shi-Yong Zhao, Lin Pang, Hui-Ling Deng, Sai-Nan Shu, Ying-Hu Chen
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of pneumococcal meningitis (PM), and drug sensitivity of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) isolates in Chinese children. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was conducted on clinical information, laboratory data, and microbiological data of 160 hospitalized children under 15 years old with PM from January 2019 to December 2020 in 33 tertiary hospitals across the country. RESULTS: Among the 160 children with PM, there were 103 males and 57 females...
February 15, 2024: Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke za Zhi, Chinese Journal of Contemporary Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38191337/rare-post-operative-intracranial-abscess-due-to-serratia-marcescens-what-we-can-learn-from-it
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenzheng Liu, Ridong Feng, Xiaolin Song, Hai Zhao
BACKGROUND: Nosocomial infections caused by Serratia marcescens mostly occurred in pediatrics and it was very rarely reported after adult surgery. Here, an intracranial abscess caused by Serratia marcescens was reported. We report a rare case of a postoperative intracranial abscess caused by Serratia marcescens in a 63-year-old male patient with a left parietal mass. The patient underwent resection of the mass on June 1, 2022, and the postoperative pathology revealed an angiomatous meningioma, WHO I...
January 8, 2024: BMC Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38107287/incidence-clinical-profile-and-short-term-outcome-of-cerebral-abscess-in-cyanotic-congenital-heart-diseases
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rumana Sangi, Aliya Kemal Ahsan, Abdul Sattar Shaikh, Ali Raza, Hussain Bux Korejo, Veena Kumari, Musarat Nazir Sandano, Ume Rubab Sandano
BACKGROUND: Brain abscess is a serious infection of brain parenchyma in patients with cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) and around 25-46 % of unrepaired CCHD patients develop brain abscess. Aim of this study was to determine the incidence, clinical features, microbiology and factors associated with early and short term outcome of cerebral abscess in CCHD. METHOD: ology: This is a retrospective study, conducted at Pediatric cardiology department, National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases (NICVD) Karachi...
December 2023: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38103523/neuroinfectious-diseases-in-children-pathophysiology-outcomes-and-global-challenges
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanalise V Huff, Molly Wilson-Murphy
Pathogens with affinity for the central nervous system (CNS) in children are diverse in their mechanisms of infecting and attacking the brain. Infections can reach the CNS via hematogenous routes, transneurally thereby avoiding the blood-brain barrier, and across mucosal or skin surfaces. Once transmission occurs, pathogens can wreak havoc both by direct action on host cells and via an intricate interplay between the protective and pathologic actions of the host's immune system. Pathogen prevalence varies depending on region, and susceptibility differs based on epidemiologic factors such as age, immune status, and genetics...
February 2024: Pediatric Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38006608/pediatric-headache-patient-with-cerebral-abscesses-a-brief-review-of-the-literature-and-case-report
#7
REVIEW
Moshe Bengio, Glenn Goodwin, Abhishek Roka, Michelle Marin
BACKGROUND: Pediatric headache is a common cause of pediatric emergency department (ED) visits, and 8.8% of cases require imaging. Alarmingly, 12.5% of imaged cases have a pathologic cause. A pediatric patient with a complicated medical history presented to the pediatric ED with multiple cerebral abscesses. The possible causes and contributors to this rare cause of pediatric headache and a review of pediatric headache emergency management are presented. Case Presentation: A 12-year-old male patient with a complex medical and surgical history, including post-repair pulmonary valve stenosis, visited the pediatric ED for intractable and worsening left frontoparietal headache, refractory to ibuprofen, for 6 days...
November 2023: Journal of International Medical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37916243/a-case-report-of-sars-cov-2-and-salmonella-coinfection-in-an-infant-with-brain-abscess-and-sepsis
#8
Amal Aldhaheri, Sarah Nagadi, Abeer Alnajjar, Khouloud Alsofyani, Mohammad S Agha
The impact of community-acquired bacteremia on the prognosis of children with COVID-19 is an area of ongoing research. Pediatric data on this aspect is limited. Here, we report the case of a four-month-old male infant who presented to King Abdulaziz University Hospital in January 2022 with a co-infection of COVID-19 and  Salmonella  meningitis, and sepsis complicated by a brain abscess.
October 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37856380/association-of-cerebrospinal-fluid-parameters-with-treatment-and-complications-among-children-with-cerebrospinal-fluid-shunt-infections-a-multicenter-study
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael T Hawkes, Alastair McAlpine, Michelle Barton, Adrianna Ranger, Archana Balamohan, H Dele Davies, Gwenn Skar, Marie-Astrid Lefebvre, Ahmed Almadani, Dolores Freire, Nicole Le Saux, Jennifer Bowes, Jocelyn A Srigley, Patrick Passarelli, John Bradley, Sarah Khan, Rupeena Purewal, Isabelle Viel-Thériault, Joan L Robinson
OBJECTIVE: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) white blood cell (WBC) count, neutrophil percentage, protein concentration, and glucose level are typically measured at diagnosis and serially during the treatment of CSF shunt infections. The objective of this retrospective cohort study was to describe the longitudinal profile of CSF parameters in children with CSF shunt infections and assess their association with treatment and outcome. METHODS: Participants were children treated at 11 tertiary pediatric hospitals in Canada and the United States for CSF shunt infection, from July 1, 2013, through June 30, 2019, with hardware removal, external ventricular drain placement, intravenous antibiotics, and subsequent permanent shunt reinsertion...
October 13, 2023: Journal of Neurosurgery. Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37741342/antibiotic-treatment-of-neuro-meningeal-infections
#10
REVIEW
Yves Gillet, Emmanuel Grimprel, Hervé Haas, Maria Yaghy, François Dubos, Robert Cohen
In France, conjugated pneumococcal vaccination has considerably modified the profile of pneumococcal meningitis by eliminating the most virulent strains resistant to beta-lactams. Over recent years, the nationwide pediatric meningitis network of the Pediatric Infectious Disease Group (GPIP) and the National Reference Centre of Pneumococci have not recorded any cases of meningitis due to pneumococcus resistant to third-generation cephalosporins (C3G), even though in 2021, strains with a less favorable profile appeared to emerge...
September 21, 2023: Infectious diseases now
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37725822/spontaneous-clostridium-perfringens-meningitis-and-brain-abscess-in-a-neonate
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ben Shillitoe, Christopher J A Cowie, Hilal Misgar, Lucia Pareja-Cebrian, Eleri Williams
This case describes a neonate who presented with spontaneous Clostridium perfringens meningitis and brain abscess. The abscess was drained, and the infant completed a 6-week course of antibiotics. Throughout this time the infant remained well with no need for intensive care. C. perfringens central nervous system infections are associated with trauma and poor outcomes. This case highlights that the spectrum of disease can include spontaneous infection with a relatively mildly clinical course demonstrating the importance of 16s polymerase chain reaction in culture-negative cases and its role in detecting rare causes of central nervous system infections such as C...
December 1, 2023: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37637367/aspergillosis-and-pulmonary-tuberculosis-co-infection-in-a-9-year-old-with-b-cell-acute-lymphoblastic-leukemia
#12
Wirapatra Iamwat, Krit Cheawcharnprapan, Patcha Yenjabog, Oranooj Lertkovit, Daranee Isaranimitkul, Thiraporn Kanjanaphan
This case report highlights the infrequent occurrence of coinfection involving invasive aspergillosis and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in pediatric patients. We present the case of a 9-year-old Thai girl diagnosed with B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia, who experienced prolonged febrile neutropenia lasting 1 month during chemotherapy. Chest computed tomography (CT) revealed lung nodules with an air crescent sign, while CT angiography of the brain detected an infected ruptured brain aneurysm, which exhibited septate hyphae with acute angle branching, consistent with invasive aspergillosis...
August 2023: Oxford Medical Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37581585/pediatric-brainstem-abscess-successfully-treated-with-stereotactic-aspiration-illustrative-case
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nahom Teferi, Ajmain Chowdhury, Sarah Lee, Meron Challa, Lukasz Weiner, Sarah Auerbach, Mahil Rao, Brian J Dlouhy
BACKGROUND: Pediatric brainstem abscesses are rare entities that account for 1% of all brain abscesses and, when diagnosed, constitute a neurosurgical emergency. OBSERVATIONS: A previously healthy 11-year-old male presented with several days of worsening headache, confusion, and ataxia. Brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed a midbrain and pons lesion. The patient subsequently had a rapid neurological decline with loss of consciousness and brainstem function...
August 7, 2023: J Neurosurg Case Lessons
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37489199/perioperative-management-of-emergency-craniotomes-in-children-with-cyanotic-congenital-heart-disease-a-case-series
#14
Chandan K Dey, Varun Anand, Mussavvir Agha, Habib Md R Karim, Pharanitharan N, Chinmaya K Panda, Manu P Kesavankutty
While congenital heart disease is not uncommon, cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD) accounts for a minor fraction of them. However, when cyanosis is present, it usually indicates a severe or critical illness. Tetralogy of Fallot (TOF) is one of the common CCHDs, representing 7-10% of all congenital cardiac malformations. Double-outlet right ventricle (DORV) is another CCHD similar to the TOF and associated with decreased pulmonary flow, ventricular septal defect (VSD), and aorta receiving blood from both ventricles...
June 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37487351/minimal-access-awake-craniotomy-for-drainage-of-cerebral-abscess-in-a-patient-with-severe-complex-cardiac-defects-in-resource-limited-country-a-case-report
#15
Mohammad Tareq Rahimi, Ahmad Rashad Akbari, Abdul Wahab Amanat, Haseeb Rahman, Soghra Khaliqi, Roohullah Hares
INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Brain abscess is an uncommon but potentially fatal infection of the brain parenchyma that can affect 5 % to 18.7 % of people with uncorrected complex congenital heart defects. In management of patients with complex cardiac defects, the main concern is that they are prone to develop perioperative complications. Hence such cases are a real challenge for surgeons and anesthesiologists. In this study we have reported a well-managed awake craniotomy (Awake-Asleep-Awake) for drainage of cerebral abscess in a patient with complex cardiac defect...
July 20, 2023: International Journal of Surgery Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37458769/campylobacter-fetus-seeding-of-a-cavernous-malformation-resulting-in-brain-abscess-case-report-and-literature-review
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kali K A Amoah, Isidora R Beach, Joseph M Teague, Adam M Olszewski, John C DeWitt, Katrina A Ducis
Microbial seeding of a cerebral cavernous malformation is an extremely rare occurrence with only 3 cases reported in the literature thus far. Campylobacter fetus is an opportunistic pathogen that rarely causes neurological infection with only 3 cases of C. fetus cerebral abscesses and 38 cases of C. fetus meningitis reported in the literature. There have been no cases of cerebral cavernous malformation seeding by C. fetus reported to date. We report the first case of cerebral cavernous malformation seeding by C...
July 17, 2023: Child's Nervous System: ChNS: Official Journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37404497/multiple-abscesses-in-the-frontal-temporal-and-brainstem-regions-in-a-4-5-year-old-girl-an-illustrative-case-report
#17
Retaj Mohammad, Darach Crimmins
BACKGROUND: Brainstem located abscesses are rare in the pediatric population. Diagnosis of brain abscess can be challenging as patients may present with nonspecific symptoms and the classical triad of headache, fever, and focal neurological deficit is not always present. Treatment can be conservative or a combination of surgical intervention with antimicrobial therapy. CASE DESCRIPTION: We present the first case of a 4.5-year-old girl with acute lymphoblastic leukemia that developed infective endocarditis (IE) and subsequently developed 3 suppurative collections (frontal, temporal, and brainstem)...
2023: Surgical Neurology International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37224619/pediatric-brain-abscess-with-fatal-outcome-caused-by-hypervirulent-klebsiella-pneumoniae-serotype-k2-st65
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily Tan Sheau En, Nabilah Ismail, Nur Syafiqah Mohamad Nasir, Yasmin Khairani Muhammad Ismadi, Nik Mohd Noor Nik Zuraina, Siti Asma' Hassan
Hypervirulent Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKp) is an emerging pathotype in addition to classical Klebsiella pneumoniae, with its ability to cause life-threatening, community-acquired metastatic infections even in healthy individuals. We presented a case of cerebral abscess preceded by otitis media in a 10-year-old child caused by hvKp. The isolates from blood pus aspirate were later identified as K. pneumoniae capsular serotype K2 and closely related to sequence type (ST65), with multiple hypervirulent genes detected (rmpA, rmpA2, iucA and peg344)...
May 13, 2023: Journal of Infection and Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37217783/tuberculosis-revisted-classic-imaging-findings-in-childhood
#19
REVIEW
Nasreen Mahomed, Tracy Kilborn, Elsabe Jacoba Smit, Winnie Chiu Wing Chu, Catherine Yee Man Young, Nonceba Koranteng, Joanna Kasznia-Brown, Abbey J Winant, Edward Y Lee, Kushaljit Singh Sodhi
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the major public health threats worldwide, despite improved diagnostic and therapeutic methods. Tuberculosis is one of the main causes of infectious disease in the chest and is associated with substantial morbidity and mortality in paediatric populations, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Due to the difficulty in obtaining microbiological confirmation of pulmonary TB in children, diagnosis often relies on a combination of clinical and radiological findings. The early diagnosis of central nervous system TB is challenging with presumptive diagnosis heavily reliant on imaging...
August 2023: Pediatric Radiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37206845/acute-otitis-media-with-intracranial-and-intratemporal-complications-a-case-study
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ercan Kaya, Gürkan Bozan, Ömer Kılıç, Mehmet Özgür Pınarbaşlı, Melek Kezban Gürbüz, Furkan Kaya
Acute otitis media continues to be one of the most common infections today and a major cause of the prescription of antibiotics in the pediatric age group. Complications of this condition are rare, especially when antibiotic therapy is started early; however, complications related to acute otitis media cause dramatic morbidity. This report provides a review related to a case of acute otitis media with bilateral intracranial and intratemporal complications.
April 2023: Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery
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