Photographs

Re-evaluation of photographs of the tropical butterfly Morpho helenor from a previous study (Pignataro et al. 2023) revealed that its conclusion regarding increased wing fluctuating asymmetry in forest edge habitats compared to forest interior habitats could not be replicated. This discrepancy likely arises from (i) original measurements not being conducted blindly, (ii) insufficient photograph quality hindering accurate landmark selection, and (iii) a lack of detailed description of the measurement protocol...

BACKGROUND: The objective of this study is to examine the application of AI algorithms in detecting OPMD and oral cancerous lesions, and to evaluate the accuracy variations among different imaging tools employed in these diagnostic processes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A systematic search was conducted in four databases: Embase, Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus. The inclusion criteria included studies using machine learning algorithms to provide diagnostic information on specific oral lesions, prospective or retrospective design, and inclusion of OPMD...

In living children, the use of a wide field fundus camera such as RetCam is the gold standard practice to document retinal haemorrhages in suspected cases of abusive head trauma (AHT). In case of sudden unexpected death in infancy (SUDI), child abuse must be considered as a possible cause of death and an eye examination is required. However, no example of post-mortem fundus photograph (PMFP) of retinal haemorrhages related to AHT is yet available for clinicians.We report a SUDI case, with no external traumatic lesions or limb fractures, for which prompt PMFP showed retinal haemorrhages typical of AHT: child abuse was subsequently confirmed by the forensic investigation...

Medical photography has multiple, important roles. The education of medical practitioners, documentation of disease, response to treatment, research, publication, intraoperative recording and trauma documentation all rely on medical photography. Additionally, there are important medicolegal implications pertaining to medical photography across many medical disciplines. Other than specific image use to document cases, there remains a paucity of urological literature regarding the use of medical photography in Urology...

AIM: Implant therapy in partially edentulous patients has become the most adapted and predictable treatment modality. The success rate of implants has been measured in terms of esthetic, biological, and technical factors such as radiographic bone loss, prosthetic complications, and stability. Despite the existence of several indices for the esthetic assessment of implant crowns, a need for functional evaluation of the implant crown with an objective and reproducible score has arisen. The study aims to validate the reproducibility of the functional implant prosthodontic score (FIPS) and the influence exerted by different dental specialties while evaluating posterior single-unit implant crowns...

Diabetic retinopathy disease contains lesions (e.g., exudates, hemorrhages, and microaneurysms) that are minute to the naked eye. Determining the lesions at pixel level poses a challenge as each pixel does not reflect any semantic entities. Furthermore, the computational cost of inspecting each pixel is expensive because the number of pixels is high even at low resolution. In this work, we propose a hybrid image processing method. Simple Linear Iterative Clustering with Gaussian Filter (SLIC-G) for the purpose of overcoming pixel constraints...

PURPOSE: To study the degree of accuracy in gingival shade matching of undergraduate students using a computer application. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In total, 76 undergraduate dental students' gingival shade selection abilities were evaluated using an in-house developed computer application. A total of 15 intraoral gingival photographs and 21 pink gingival color porcelain samples were used. The environmental conditions were standardized, and no time limit was set for answering in the computer application...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the differences in scar outcomes between modified rotation-advancement techniques proposed by Drs. Mohler and Noordhoff, designed to address issues such as inadequate vertical lip length and scarring on the upper third of the lip in the original rotation-advancement technique. DESIGN: Retrospective single-surgeon (RD) study. PATIENTS: Consecutive non-syndromic children ( n  = 68) with unilateral complete cleft lip and palate...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The initial size of a root canal is established by progressively introducing K-files according to the increase in the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) size in the apical region. The initial file-fit sensation is caused by coronal interferences rather than always occurring at the apex, as is commonly believed. Flaring the canal at its earliest stages enables the practitioner to accurately assess the size of the canal approaching the apex. This enables more informed judgments on the selection of the master apical file required for shaping and cleaning the apex...

OBJECTIVE: To study the microanatomic structure of the subtemporal transtentorial approach to the lateral side of the brainstem, and to provide anatomical information that will assist clinicians to perform surgeries on the lateral, circumferential, and petroclival regions of the brainstem. METHODS: Anatomical investigations were conducted on 8 cadaveric head specimens (16 sides) using the infratemporal transtentorial approach. The heads were tilted to one side, with the zygomatic arch at its highest point...

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) is a rare complication of the jaws following the administration of antiresorptive or antiangiogenic drugs. This condition poses a major challenge to its management. Its prevention and management need a multidisciplinary collaboration. We described three patients with MRONJ including their presentation, investigations, management protocols, and outcomes. A brief appraisal of the literature on MRONJ was also done...

OBJECTIVE: To assess the effectiveness and safety of a topical silicone gel (BE + Gel reductor y reparador de cicatrices) and a polyurethane dressing (BE + Apósito reductor y reparador de cicatrices) on the evolution of scars of patients who were previously recruited in the emergency care unit while seeking wound care. METHOD: A single center, stratified observational, open label study was performed in the emergency care unit of Donostia Universitary Hospital (recruitment) and in the Biodonostia Health Research Institute (intervention)...

INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of side flattening of cutting flutes on the cyclic resistance and torsional resistance of nickel-titanium files. METHODS: Both novel flattened Platinum V.EU (PL) and standard non-flattened CC Premium V.EU (CC) rotaries were tested. For cyclic fatigue tests, all the files were rotated in an artificial root canal with a curvature of 45° and a radius of 6.06 mm at 300 rpm (n = 15 in each group)...

PURPOSE: Hand-foot skin reaction (HFSR), a side effect of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment, makes it difficult to walk and perform daily activities because of pain in the limbs. HFSR occurs predominantly in the sites where external forces (pressure and shear stress) are applied. This study aimed to determine whether pressure or shear stress induces the occurrence of HFSR. METHODS: This cohort study was conducted in patients who received TKI treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma...

The discovery of two unaccredited photographs purported to be of Painless Parker occasions a discussion of the notorious "outlaw" dentist's historical significance. It is argued that social media threaten to have performance eclipse clinical skills in dentistry - a process that can be sourced to Parker's vaudevillian antics.

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Different digital methods have been described for transferring the maxillary cast into a virtual articulator; however, its accuracy remains uncertain. PURPOSE: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the accuracy of the maxillary cast transfer into the virtual semi-adjustable articulator by using analog and digital methods. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A maxillary typodont with 5 markers was positioned into a mannequin, which was digitized by using an industrial scanner (ATOS Q) and an extraoral scan of the typodont obtained (T710)...

The purpose of this study was to compare various formulas for idealized proportions of the maxillary incisors to the actual dimensions of natural teeth. The Mondelli formula 1 (MF1), Mondelli formula 2 (MF2), Albers formula (AF), esthetic proportion (EP) for width and height of anterior teeth, and golden ratio (GR) were calculated for a total of 50 dental students (30 women and 20 men) who participated in the study. The following measurements were obtained directly in the participant's mouth with a digital caliper: the mesiodistal and incisogingival dimensions of the maxillary central incisors, lateral incisors, and canines; the intercanine distance; and the smile width...

Hypertrophic scars can have significant and far-reaching effects on patients that range from itching to creating difficulty with mobility, all of which can negatively impact the individual's quality of life. A recent study showed that many patients with recent scars report pain, burning, pruritus, erythema, in combination with psychological difficulties that impact bodily movement, choice of clothing, and participation in leisure activities. Botulinum toxin Type A (BoNTA) and intense pulsed light (IPL) have shown promise in treating such scars...

In North America, LGBTQ+ youth have high rates of cannabis use and face mental health issues. We conducted a photovoice study to describe the perspectives, needs, and motivations of forty-six LGBTQ+ youth who use cannabis as they access mental healthcare services. Participants' photographs were discussed in individual semi-structured interviews conducted by peer researchers. Following a thematic analysis of the interview transcripts, we first found that, beyond medication, LGBTQ+ youth sought mental health services facilitating introspection to better understand their sexual and gender identities and mental health...

Interoception, sometimes referred to as the 'hidden sense,' communicates the state of internal conditions for autonomic energy regulation and is important for human motor control as well as self-awareness. The insula, the cortex of interoception, integrates internal senses such as hunger, thirst and emotions. With input from the cerebellum and proprioceptive inputs, it creates a vast sensorimotor network essential for static posture and dynamic movement. With humans being bipedal to allow for improved mobility and energy utilization, greater neuromotor control is required to effectively stabilize and control the four postural zones of mass (i...