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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sung Gyun Jung, Xiajing Wu, Kun Hwang, Seung-Ho Han
The aim of this study was to investigate the aesthetic characteristics of Chinese beauty through an anthropometric analysis of beauty pageant winners from 1952 to 2021. Photographs from 5 renowned Chinese beauty pageants (Miss World Pageant, Miss Earth Pageant, Miss Universe Pageant, Miss International Pageant, and Miss Chinese Cosmos Pageant) were gathered and a total of 294 frontal and 31 lateral photographs were collected. The photos were divided into 3 time phases: phase I (1952-1977): from the first time when Chinese girls participated in beauty pageants, up until the time of reform and opening; phase II (1978-2002): from reform and opening to the re-opening of the Miss Chinese Cosmos Pageant; phase III (2003-2021): to the present...
February 16, 2024: Journal of Craniofacial Surgery
#22
Aishwarya Lakshmi Vidyasagaran, Rubab Ayesha, Jan Boehnke, Jamie Kirkham, Louise Rose, John Hurst, J Jaime Miranda, Rusham Zahra Rana, Rajesh Vedanthan, Mehreen Faisal, Najma Siddiqi
INTRODUCTION: The burden of multimorbidity is recognised increasingly in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), creating a strong emphasis on the need for effective evidence-based interventions. A core outcome set (COS) appropriate for the study of multimorbidity in LMIC contexts does not presently exist. This is required to standardise reporting and contribute to a consistent and cohesive evidence-base to inform policy and practice. We describe the development of two COS for intervention trials aimed at the prevention and treatment of multimorbidity in LMICs...
January 30, 2024: medRxiv
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcos Juanes, Shan Jin, Rizalina T Saragi, Christian van der Linde, Alexander Ebenbichler, Norbert Przybilla, Milan Ončák, Martin K Beyer
The fullerene ion C60 + is the only carrier of diffuse interstellar bands (DIBs) identified so far. Transition-metal compounds feature electronic transitions in the visible and near-infrared regions, making them potential DIB carriers. Since iron is the most abundant transition metal in the cosmos, we here test this idea with Fe+ (H2 O). Laboratory spectra were obtained by photodissociation spectroscopy at 80 K. Spectra were modeled with the reflection principle. A high-resolution spectrum of the DIB standard star HD 183143 served as an observational reference...
February 12, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry. A
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hilliard T Brydges, Ogechukwu C Onuh, Rebecca Friedman, Joy Barrett, Rebecca A Betensky, Catherine P Lu, Avrom S Caplan, Afsaneh Alavi, Ernest S Chiu
BACKGROUND: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a debilitating cutaneous disease characterized by severe painful inflammatory nodules/abscesses. At present, data regarding the epidemiology and pathophysiology of this disease are limited. OBJECTIVE: To define the prevalence and comorbidity associations of HS. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study of EPICTM Cosmos© examining over 180 million US patients. Prevalences were calculated by demographic and odds ratios (OR) and identified comorbidity correlations...
February 9, 2024: American Journal of Clinical Dermatology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chun-Yu Fan, Xiao-Fang Yu, Yu-Jia Liu, Xiao-Xuan Zeng, Fu-Wen Luo, Xian-Tong Wang, Xuan Yang, Xiao-Yu Wang, Xiao Xue, Li-Juan Yang, Ting Lei, Ming-Yan Jiang, Bei-Bei Jiang, Su-Ping Gao, Xi Li
Methyl jasmonate (MeJA), a crucial phytohormone, which plays an important role in resistance to Cadmium (Cd) stress. The cell wall (CW) of root system is the main location of Cd and plays a key role in resistance to Cd toxicity. However, the mechanism effect of MeJA on the CW composition and Cd accumulation remain unclear. In this study, the contribution of MeJA in regulating CW structure, pectin composition and Cd accumulation was investigated in Cosmos bipinnatus. Phenotypic results affirm MeJA's significant role in reducing Cd-induced toxicity in C...
February 6, 2024: Environmental Pollution
#26
REVIEW
Kristin Koppelmaa, Cristine Marie Yde Ohki, Natalie Monet Walter, Susanne Walitza, Edna Grünblatt
OBJECTIVE: Stress is a known risk factor for numerous psychopathologies, whereas evidence is lacking regarding the specific consequences of stress on the neural basis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). A systematic literature review was thus conducted to clarify the role of stress in the association between the resulting alterations of brain structure, connectivity, and function in ADHD. METHODS: The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the protocol was registered in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under identifier CRD42023379809...
January 22, 2024: Comprehensive Psychiatry
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eugenio Traini, Rachel B Smith, Roel Vermeulen, Hans Kromhout, Joachim Schüz, Maria Feychting, Anssi Auvinen, Aslak Harbo Poulsen, Isabelle Deltour, David C Muller, Joël Heller, Giorgio Tettamanti, Paul Elliott, Anke Huss, Mireille B Toledano
Headache is a common condition with a substantial burden of disease worldwide. Concerns have been raised over the potential impact of long-term mobile phone use on headache due to radiofrequency electromagnetic fields (RF-EMFs). We explored prospectively the association between mobile phone use at baseline (2009-2012) and headache at follow-up (2015-2018) by analysing pooled data consisting of the Dutch and UK cohorts of the Cohort Study of Mobile Phone Use and Health (COSMOS) (N = 78,437). Frequency of headache, migraine, and information on mobile phone use, including use of hands-free devices and frequency of texting, were self-reported...
January 25, 2024: Environmental Research
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wandia Kimita, Loren Skudder-Hill, Xiatiguli Shamaitijiang, Sunitha Priya, Maxim S Petrov
OBJECTIVE: To comprehensively investigate the associations of pancreas fat content and size with circulating markers of iron metabolism. METHODS: A total of 116 individuals underwent magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy on a 3.0 Tesla scanner, exclusively for the purpose of the COSMOS research programme. Intra-pancreatic fat deposition, total pancreas volume, liver fat content, visceral and subcutaneous fat volumes were quantified. Plasma levels of hepcidin and ferritin were measured...
January 25, 2024: Obesity Research & Clinical Practice
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jay Patel, Lixia Yao, Ernest Vina, David Fleece, Jayatilleke Arundathi, Roberto Caricchio, Huanmei Wu
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a widespread autoimmune disease for which early diagnosis is paramount in improving clinical outcomes. In this project, we used the de-identified patients from Epic Cosmos to retrieve the ICD code for SLE, checked data quality based on the EULAR/ACR classification systems, created an approach to determine the SLE patients, and performed statistical analyses on lab tests and clinical characteristics. Our preliminary results showed that clinical notes must be reviewed to improve the completeness, as structured EHR data fields provide limited information in determining if a patient meets the established classification criteria...
January 25, 2024: Studies in Health Technology and Informatics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pieter van Dokkum, Gabriel Brammer, Bingjie Wang, Joel Leja, Charlie Conroy
One of the surprising results from the Hubble Space Telescope was the discovery that many of the most massive galaxies at redshift z ≈ 2 are very compact, having a half-light radius of only 1-2 kpc. The interpretation is that massive galaxies formed inside out, with their cores largely in place by z ≈ 2 and approximately half of their present-day mass added later through minor mergers. Here we present a compact, massive, quiescent galaxy at a photometric redshift of <mml:math xmlns:mml="https://www...
2024: Nature Astronomy
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phuong Bich Tran, Ayaz Ali, Rubab Ayesha, Jan R Boehnke, Charles Ddungu, Dorothy Lall, Victoria J Pinkney-Atkinson, Josefien van Olmen
People living with multimorbidity (PLWMM) have multiple needs and require long-term personalised care, which necessitates an integrated people-centred approach to healthcare. However, people-centred care may risk being a buzzword in global health and cannot be achieved unless we consider and prioritise the lived experience of the people themselves. This study captures the lived experiences of PLWMM in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) by exploring their perspectives, experiences, and aspirations.We analysed 50 semi-structured interview responses from 10 LMICs across three regions-South Asia, Latin America, and Western Africa-using an interpretative phenomenological analysis approach...
January 23, 2024: BMJ Global Health
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stefan Siebert, Laura C Coates, Georg Schett, Siba P Raychaudhuri, Warner Chen, Sheng Gao, Loqmane Seridi, Soumya D Chakravarty, May Shawi, Frederic Lavie, Mohamed Sharaf, Miriam Zimmermann, Alexa P Kollmeier, Xie L Xu, Proton Rahman, Philip J Mease, Atul Deodhar
OBJECTIVE: Assess and compare immunologic differences and associations with clinical response to guselkumab, a fully human interleukin (IL)-23p19-subunit inhibitor, in participants with active PsA who were biologic-naïve or had inadequate response to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFi-IR). METHODS: Serum biomarker levels at baseline and following treatment with guselkumab 100 mg Q8W were compared between biologic-naïve (N=251) and TNFi-IR (N=93) subgroups identified in the pooled DISCOVER-1/DISCOVER-2/COSMOS dataset...
January 22, 2024: Arthritis & Rheumatology
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chirag M Vyas, JoAnn E Manson, Howard D Sesso, Nancy R Cook, Pamela M Rist, Alison Weinberg, M Vinayaga Moorthy, Laura D Baker, Mark A Espeland, Lok-Kin Yeung, Adam M Brickman, Olivia I Okereke
BACKGROUND: Longer effects of multivitamin-mineral (MVM) supplementation on late-life cognitive function remain untested using in-person, detailed neuropsychological assessments. Furthermore, insufficient evidence exists for healthcare providers to recommend daily MVM supplements to prevent cognitive decline. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to test MVM effects on cognitive change using in-person, detailed neuropsychological assessments and conduct a meta-analysis within COSMOS (COcoa Supplement and Multivitamin Outcomes Study) cognitive substudies for a robust evaluation of MVM effects on cognition...
March 2024: American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wendy M Wong, Yih Chung Tham, Matthew P Simunovic, Fred Kuanfu Chen, Chi D Luu, Haoyu Chen, Zi-Bing Jin, Ren-Juan Shen, Shiying Li, Ruifang Sui, Chen Zhao, Liping Yang, Muna Bhende, Rajiv Raman, Parveen Sen, Arkasubhra Ghosh, B Poornachandra, Muhammad Bayu Sasongko, Alia Arianti, Valen Chia, Cosmos O Mangunsong, Florence Manurung, Kaoru Fujinami, Hanako Ikeda, Se Joon Woo, Sang Jin Kim, Safinaz Mohd Khialdin, Othmaliza Othman, Mae-Lynn Catherine Bastion, Ain Tengku Kamalden, Pooi Wah Penny Lott, Kenneth Fong, Manoharan Shunmugam, Amelia Lim, Raba Thapa, Eli Pradhan, Sthapit Purnima Rajkarnikar, Srijana Adhikari, B Manuel Benjamin Iv Ibañez, Adrian Koh, Choi Mun M Chan, Beau J Fenner, Tien-En Tan, Augustinus Laude, Wei Kiong Ngo, Graham E Holder, Xinyi Su, Ta-Ching Chen, Nan-Kai Wang, Eugene Yu-Chuan Kang, Chu-Hsuan Huang, Nuntachai Surawatsatien, Phattrawan Pisuchpen, Tharikarn Sujirakul, Govindasamy Kumaramanickavel, Mandeep Singh, Bart Leroy, Michel Michaelides, Ching-Yu Cheng, Li Jia Chen, Hwei Wuen Chan
PURPOSE: There are major gaps in our knowledge of hereditary ocular conditions in the Asia-Pacific population, which comprises approximately 60% of the world's population. Therefore, a concerted regional effort is urgently needed to close this critical knowledge gap and apply precision medicine technology to improve the quality of lives of these patients in the Asia-Pacific region. DESIGN: Multi-national, multi-center collaborative network. METHODS: The Research Standing Committee of the Asia-Pacific Academy of Ophthalmology and the Asia-Pacific Society of Eye Genetics fostered this research collaboration, which brings together renowned institutions and experts for inherited eye diseases in the Asia-Pacific region...
December 1, 2023: Asia-Pacific Journal of Ophthalmology
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joon-Suh Park, Soon Wei Daniel Lim, Arman Amirzhan, Hyukmo Kang, Karlene Karrfalt, Daewook Kim, Joel Leger, Augustine Urbas, Marcus Ossiander, Zhaoyi Li, Federico Capasso
Metasurfaces, optics made from subwavelength-scale nanostructures, have been limited to millimeter-sizes by the scaling challenge of producing vast numbers of precisely engineered elements over a large area. In this study, we demonstrate an all-glass 100 mm diameter metasurface lens (metalens) comprising 18.7 billion nanostructures that operates in the visible spectrum with a fast f -number ( f /1.5, NA = 0.32) using deep-ultraviolet (DUV) projection lithography. Our work overcomes the exposure area constraints of lithography tools and demonstrates that large metasurfaces are commercially feasible...
January 17, 2024: ACS Nano
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammad Lateef Lone, Sumira Farooq, Aehsan Ul Haq, Foziya Altaf, Shazia Parveen, Inayatullah Tahir
The fine-tuning of the intricate network of plant growth hormones empowers the balanced responses of plants to environmental and developmental signals. Salicylic acid and jasmonates are emerging as advanced hormones that provide plants with resistance to environmental stresses. Senescence is characterized by coordinated and systematic crosstalk between phytohormones that remodels the biochemical and physiological mechanisms in plants, resulting in cell death. The present investigation examines the role of jasmonates (methyl jasmonate and jasmonic acid) and salicylic acid (SA) in regulating the petal senescence of detached stalks of Cosmos sulphureus ...
December 2023: Physiology and Molecular Biology of Plants: An International Journal of Functional Plant Biology
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cosmos M Pambit Zong, Sylvester Coleman, Abdul Rahim Mohammed, Christopher M Owusu-Asenso, Yaw Akuamoah-Boateng, Isaac K Sraku, Simon K Attah, Liwang Cui, Yaw A Afrane
BACKGROUND: Clothianidin, an insecticide with a novel mode of action, has been deployed in the annual indoor residual spraying programme in northern Ghana since March 2021. To inform pragmatic management strategies and guide future studies, baseline data on local Anopheles gambiae sensu lato (s.l.) susceptibility to the clothianidin insecticide were collected in Kpalsogu, a village in the Northern region, Ghana. METHODS: Phenotypic susceptibility of An. gambiae mosquitoes to clothianidin was assessed using the World Health Organization (WHO) insecticide resistance monitoring bioassay...
January 9, 2024: Malaria Journal
#38
Shiwei Liu, Pu Zheng, Cosmos Yuqi Wang, Bojing Blair Jia, Nathan R Zemke, Bing Ren, Xiaowei Zhuang
3D organization of the genome plays a critical role in regulating gene expression. However, it remains unclear how chromatin organization differs among different cell types in the brain. Here we used genome-scale DNA and RNA imaging to investigate 3D-genome organization in transcriptionally distinct cell types in the primary motor cortex of the mouse brain. We uncovered a wide spectrum of differences in the nuclear architecture and 3D-genome organization among different cell types, ranging from the physical size of the cell nucleus to the active-inactive chromatin compartmentalization and radial positioning of chromatin loci within the nucleus...
December 5, 2023: bioRxiv
#39
REVIEW
Laura Baudis
In the past decade, dual-phase xenon time projection chambers (Xe-TPCs) have emerged as some of the most powerful detectors in the fields of astroparticle physics and rare-event searches. Developed primarily towards the direct detection of dark matter particles, experiments presently operating deep underground have reached target masses at the multi-tonne scale, energy thresholds of approximately 1 keV and radioactivity-induced background rates similar to those from solar neutrinos. These unique properties, together with demonstrated stable operation over several years, allow for the exploration of new territory via high-sensitivity searches for a plethora of ultra-rare interactions...
February 5, 2024: Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
#40
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Atef Darwish, Mohammad Tawfik, Amal Gaflan, Dina Darwish
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to describe a modified, curved, deep, bidirectional, intra-umbilical, vertical incision for primary trocar insertion and prospectively compare its intraoperative and postoperative outcomes with an infra-umbilical incision in gynaecologic laparoscopy. METHODS: Between August 2019 and March 2021, 110 patients subjected to the direct trocar insertion technique for laparoscopic intervention were classified into two groups. Group A comprised 55 cases of infra-umbilical incision, whereas group B comprised 55 cases of a modified, curved, longitudinal, deep, bidirectional, intra-umbilical incision...
November 2023: Sultan Qaboos University Medical Journal
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