vermin

Lungworm infection, or verminous pneumonia, is a parasitic disease that causes serious problems in small and large ruminants. Despite the fact that nematodes of the genus Dictyocaulus in cattle and sheep are the main cause of this disease, there are few studies on the natural infections of South American camelids. For this reason, this study aims to report the natural infection by Dictyocaulus filaria in vicunas (Vicugna vicugna) for the first time. During a shearing season (chaku) in Cuzco, Peru, two accidentally killed adult vicunas were submitted to the IVITA-Marangani research center in Cuzco for their respective necropsies...

The Egyptian Rousettus bat (Rousettus aegyptiacus) is a common fruit bat species that is distributed mainly in Africa and the Middle East. Bats serve as reservoir hosts for numerous pathogens. Human activities, such as hunting bats for food, managing vermin, and causing habitat loss, elevate the likelihood of transmission of bat pathogens to humans and other animals. Consequently, bat cell lines play a crucial role as research materials for investigating viral pathogens. However, the inherent limitation of finite cell division in primary cells necessitates the use of immortalized cells derived from various bat tissues...

Herbicides and insecticides are pervasively applied in agricultural sector to increase the yield by controlling or eliminating bug vermin and weeds. Although, resistance development occurs, direct and indirect impact on human health and ecosystem is clearly visible. Normally, herbicides and pesticides are water soluble in nature; accordingly, it is hard to decrease their deadliness and to dis-appear them from the environment. They are profoundly specific, and considered as poisonous to various peoples in agricultural and industrial work places...

Background : Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major health concern. Acute exacerbations (AECOPD) may require intensive care unit (ICU) admission and mechanical ventilation. Acute infections and chronic colonization of the respiratory system are known to precipitate AECOPD. Detailed knowledge of the respiratory microbiome could lead to effective treatment and prevention of exacerbations. Objective : The aim of this review is to summarize the available evidence on the respiratory microbiome of patients with a severe AECOPD requiring mechanical ventilation and intensive care admission...

Farm biosecurity is an important herd management strategy to assure infection prevention and animal health. The present study aimed to evaluate the implementation of biosecurity measures on dairy farms in Punjab, India, using the standardized Biocheck.UGent™ scoring system. Convenience sampling was used to select 94 dairy farms, comprising both cattle and buffaloes, with a mean herd size of 74.8 animals. The study found that the mean external and internal biosecurity scores for the selected dairy farms were 45...

PURPOSE: Pulmonary emboli (PE) contribute substantially to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) related mortality and morbidity. Immune cell-mediated hyperinflammation drives the procoagulant state in COVID-19 patients, resulting in immunothrombosis. To study the role of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in the procoagulant state of COVID-19 patients, we performed a functional bioassay and related outcomes to the occurrence of PE. Secondary aims were to relate this functional assay to plasma D-dimer levels, ventilation perfusion mismatch and TF expression on monocyte subsets...

The experience of World War I made popular the concept of medical geography which become part of Nazism's philosophy of national welfare, safety, and solidarity. The Nazis used it to create propaganda to show some groups as rats, vermin, and Untermenschen (subhumans). In this way, more than ten million people were killed under the Nazi regime: six million Jews, plus more than 5 million Gypsies, Jehovah's Witnesses, and other groups who were not part of the German theory of "master race." The Germans' fear of typhus that spread in the Wehrmacht was so immense that during the occupation, Polish doctors used this phobia to organize a resistance movement...

The European hedgehog ( Erinaceus europaeus ) is a common wildlife species in European countries. Populations are declining due to anthropogenic factors and natural diseases. Verminous pneumonia has been observed as a frequent infectious disease in hedgehogs submitted for diagnostic postmortem examination. This prompted the present in-depth investigation on the lungs of 27 necropsied hedgehogs with confirmed lungworm infections, with or without antiparasitic treatment prior to death. The histological and/or parasitic (fecal samples) examination identified Capillaria aerophila infection in most animals (82%)...

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of parainfluenza 3 (PI3) virus antigen through histopathological and immunohistochemical (IHC) methods in sheep lung samples collected from Erzurum province, Türkiye. Between August and November 2017, 1462 sheep were dissected in the slaughterhouse and their lungs were examined macroscopically. In total, 100 of the lung samples with pneumonia were selected. Routine histopathological and IHC analyses of the collected lung tissues with pneumonia were performed...

Marsupostrongylus spp. are the metastrongyloid nematodes most commonly associated with verminous pneumonia in Australian marsupials. Currently, there is a scarcity of information regarding this parasite in the common brushtail possum (Trichosurus vulpecula). Thirty-four free-living possums submitted to two wildlife hospitals in Sydney, Australia, between 2008 and 2015 were diagnosed with verminous pneumonia on postmortem examination. The majority of possums presented ill with multiple comorbidities. However, only five cases had clinical signs of respiratory disease...

An essential aspect of animal resource programs is the storage and provision of food for a variety of species. Environmentalparameters for feed storage conditions (temperature less than 70 °F; relative humidity less than 50%) are recommended in the Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals , along with aspects of nutrition such as palatability, vermin-control measures,diet quality, and integrity of feed bags. After receiving a suggestion for improvement for environmental conditions in2 feed storage locations during an AAALAC accreditation visit, we hypothesized that the packaging of contemporary rodentfeed could sustain wider environmental variations in temperature and humidity without adverse impact on integrityand palatability...

With over 300 terrestrial and aquatic mammalian species, Iran is considered a country with an ample mastofauna. Although many studies have assessed the distribution of gastrointestinal helminth parasites in animals and humans in Iran, lungworms have not received adequate attention. Following a previous article in which we reviewed the diversity and prevalence of lungworm infections in pastoral and wild ruminants of Iran, this report compiles the available scientific information about the occurrence of lungworms in non-ruminant mammals and humans from 1980 to 2022 to provide insights into the epidemiology of these infections...

All human groups are equally human, but are they automatically represented as such? Harnessing data from 61,377 participants across 13 experiments (six primary and seven supplemental), a sharp dissociation between implicit and explicit measures emerged. Despite explicitly affirming the equal humanity of all racial/ethnic groups, White participants consistently associated Human (relative to Animal) more with White than Black, Hispanic, and Asian groups on Implicit Association Tests (IATs; experiments 1-4). This effect emerged across diverse representations of Animal that varied in valence ( pets , farm animals , wild animals , and vermin ; experiments 1-2)...

Taking the reproduction law of vermin into consideration, we formulate a hierarchical age-structured model to describe the optimal management of vermin by contraception control. It is shown that the model is well-posed, and the solution has a separable form. The existence of optimal management policy is established via a minimizing sequence and the use of compactness, while the structure of optimal strategy is obtained by using an adjoint system and normal cones. To show the compactness, we use the Fréchet-Kolmogorov theorem and its generalization...

BACKGROUND: Meerkats ( Suricata suricatta ) are endemic carnivores of southern Africa and, although currently listed as "least concern" by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) red list, there is evidence of a significant decrease in wild populations mainly attributed to effects of climate change. Little is known about diseases associated with mortality in captive meerkats. AIM: To characterise macroscopic and microscopic lesions that accounted for the death or euthanasia in a series of captive meerkats...

African Swine Fever (ASF) is persistently spreading and hindering pork production in Europe. Slovenia is one of the last countries in Central Europe without a confirmed ASF case in domestic pigs or in wild boar. The aim of this study was to assess the current biosecurity implementation on different types of pig farms. Internal and external biosecurity status was determined in 17 commercial (CF), 15 non-commercial (NC), and 15 outdoor (O) farms. Data were collected using the Biocheck.UGent questionnaire and assessed in combination with the latest information on the wild boar population in Slovenia...

A 5-year-old imported Zangersheide gelding was evaluated for SC swellings over both forelimbs and lameness localized to the distal metacarpus. Ultrasound examination of the SC masses was compatible with verminous granulomas. Linear hyperechoic foci were present within the suspensory ligament branches of both forelimbs, suggestive of ligamentous parasitic infiltrates. A diagnosis of onchocerciasis was confirmed on biopsy of a SC mass. The gelding was treated with ivermectin and a tapering course of PO dexamethasone but was eventually euthanized...

Insects are potential disease vectors for research animals. Therefore, implementing an effective pest control program is an essential component of any animal care and use program. The Guide for the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals emphasizes the humane use of traps; however, insect traps commonly use glue that can entrap escaped research mice, leading to their potential distress and injury. This situation is challenging for research facilities attempting to identify insect populations. In an effort to improve pest control in animal facilities, we sought to characterize the behavioral interactions of mice with common vermin traps...

The present psychobiography took up the three main psychoanalytic conceptions of love to illuminate the psychological development of famed experimental writer William Seward Burroughs (1914-1997). The study found evidence of all three concepts of love in the subject's life strategies: (1) Love as cathexis was present in Burroughs' fascination with centipedes and other vermin that appeared in his dreams and which symbolised, in part, his terror over early childhood traumas as well as his concomitant struggle to integrate sex with intimacy...

BACKGROUND: We present a case of a patient with a femoral neck fracture that shows neurological impairment and respiratory distress 1 day after trauma, caused by the Fat Embolism Syndrome with the presence of Cerebral Fat Embolisms. CASE SUMMARY: A 75 year old female remained unresponsive after a hemi arthroplasty was performed because of a 1 day old femoral neck fracture. She rapidly developed respiratory insufficiency and an obstructive shock with right ventricle dilatation on transthoracic echocardiography...