Melanoma cardiac

Congenital tumors are rare and, owing to this rarity, there is limited information on many of them. A total of 839 fetal and postnatal MRI studies performed in the first 3 months of life were retrospectively reviewed. They were performed with the use of 1.5 T scanners. Seventy-six tumors were diagnosed based on fetal MRI between 20 and 37 gestational weeks, and 27 were found after birth, from 1 day of age to 3 months of life. Teratomas were the most common tumors in our dataset, mainly in the sacrococcygeal region (SCT), followed by cardiac rhabdomyomas and subependymal giant cell astrocytomas (SEGA) associated with TSC, and neuroblastomas...

PURPOSE: To describe a case of a previously healthy middle-aged male with an atypical choroidal mass and fatigue. METHODS: Case report. RESULTS: A 56-year-old Caucasian male presented with decreased vision in the right eye (OD) and a choroidal amelanotic mass OD with subretinal fluid. He received bevacizumab (1.25 mg/0.05 mL) injections by multiple providers without improvement in vision and with tumor progression. Visual acuity was 20/400 OD and 20/25 left eye (OS)...

Primary cardiac lymphomas display a low frequency, sudden onset, swift progression of illness and elevated mortality rates. The current study presents a unique instance of primary cardiac diffuse large B-cell lymphoma and examines its clinical manifestations, pathological characteristics and differential diagnosis. A 64-year-old male patient sought medical attention due to cardiac debility and exertional dyspnea persisting for >10 days. Chest enhanced computed tomography revealed a moderately enhancing irregular mass in the ventricular area, exhibiting limited demarcation from the pericardium and left atrium, accompanied by irregular thickening of the interventricular septum...

This paper presents a rare case of malignant melanoma metastasizing to the heart, highlighting the diagnostic journey, therapeutic considerations, and clinical implications. Enhanced awareness of atypical metastases aids early recognition and treatment strategies for improved patient care. Comprehensive understanding of cardiac involvement in melanoma contributes to better outcomes and clinical decision making. ( Level of Difficulty: Beginner. ).

INTRODUCTION: The use of combined immunotherapy could increase non-severe and severe cardiac events in patients with cancer. To examine the occurrence of severe cardiac adverse events of combined immunotherapy compared to single immunotherapy, we analysed 4 electronic databases from inception to August 2021. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We selected randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing combined versus single immunotherapy, for the treatment of melanoma, oesophagogastric cancer, renal cell carcinoma, and non-small cell lung cancer...

Serratia marcescens is a gram-negative bacterium found commonly in water and soil. Initially thought to be non-pathogenic, it is now recognised as an important cause of nosocomial and opportunistic infections. Skin infections are rare, but cases of S. marcescens causing ulcers, abscesses and necrotizing fasciitis have been reported. We report an unusual cutaneous presentation of S. marcescens in an immunosuppressed patient. A 77-year-old man under review for non-melanoma skin cancer in the context of a previous cardiac transplant, presented with an asymptomatic scalp eruption...

• Melanoma may lead to asymptomatic cardiac metastasis. • Resolution of the intracardiac mass occurred with nonsurgical treatment. • Echocardiography is important for screening for metastatic involvement.

A 72-year-old man visited cardiology for exertional chest pain, lightheadedness, and fatigue. Six years prior, he was surgically treated for cutaneous malignant melanoma of the lower back. After a negative cardiac work-up, primary care diagnosed severe iron deficiency anemia. Emergent upper and lower gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy revealed simultaneous melanoma metastases to the stomach and colon with discrete macroscopic features. Metastatic disease, including brain, lung, and bone, was discovered on imaging...

BACKGROUND: Rapidly accelerated fibrosarcoma B-type (BRAF) and mitogen-activated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (MEK) inhibitors have revolutionized treatment for patients with BRAF-mutated melanoma. Although left ventricular systolic dysfunction associated with these therapies has been reported in clinical trials, the real-world incidence is poorly defined, as are risk factors for its development. OBJECTIVES: This study sought to characterize the incidence, time course, and risk factors for cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction (CTRCD) in patients with melanoma receiving BRAF and MEK inhibitors...

Case studies of rare oncologic metastases are an important source of clinical data for health care professionals and researchers. While infrequent, the knowledge base and clinical recommendations derived from such cases aid in advancements in the field. As such, we aim to add five cases to the growing body of literature. The first two male patients, aged 69 and 73, were diagnosed with colon adenocarcinoma, suspected to be a second primary prostate carcinoma, following positron emission tomography-computer tomography (PET-CT)...

Dermatomyositis constitutes a heterogeneous group of autoimmune inflammatory conditions with a wide variety of clinical outcomes. The symptomatic heterogeneity carries skin, muscle, and joint manifestations; pulmonary and cardiac involvements; and concomitant malignancy. Any of these symptoms often appear at different combinations and time courses, thus posing difficulty in early diagnosis and appropriate treatment choice. Recent progress in laboratory investigations explored the identification of several myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) and myositis-associated autoantibodies, allowing precise characterization for a clinical perspective of the disease...

BACKGROUND: Recent studies have shown that approximately 20% of patients have 4-5 year progression free survival (PFS) on BRAF/MEK inhibitors. The long-term safety and efficacy in these patients with more durable responses have not been studied. METHODS: This retrospective multicenter cohort study assessed response, progression, and adverse events in patients from eight institutions in four countries with >4-year PFS following BRAF/MEK inhibitors. RESULTS: Among 146 patients, 112 (76...

OBJECTIVES: Malignancy is the leading cause of late mortality after orthotopic heart transplantation (OHT), and the burden of post-transplantation cancer is expected to rise in proportion to increased case volume following the 2018 heart allocation score change. In this report, we evaluated factors associated with de novo malignancy after OHT with a focus on skin and solid organ cancers. METHODS: Patients who underwent OHT at our institution between 1999 and 2018 were retrospectively reviewed (n = 488)...

Melanoma is considered a masquerader of many diseases owing to its potential to metastasize to many organs. Several malignancies can metastasize to the heart including malignant melanoma. Historically, antemortem diagnosis of cardiac involvement of melanoma is not common, but with significant improvement in imaging modalities, the diagnosis can now be made early and accurately, aiding in treatment and improved survival. We present a case of a 36-year-old man with brief neurological symptoms and subsequent diagnosis of cerebrovascular accident (CVA)...

PURPOSE/OBJECTIVE(S): Total body irradiation (TBI) is an integral component of many conditioning regimens prior to allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Few studies have investigated long-term sequelae. A large series of patients undergoing myeloablative and non-myeloablative regimens was studied. MATERIALS/METHODS: Adult patients undergoing allogeneic HSCT utilizing TBI-based conditioning regimens from 1995-2020 at our institution were included...

Intracellular calcium (Ca2+ ) signaling regulates many cellular functions, including cell proliferation and migration, in both normal cells and cancer cells. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is a major mechanism by which Ca2+ is imported from the extracellular space to the intracellular space, especially in nonexcitable cells. Store-operated Ca2+ entry (SOCE) is also a receptor-regulated Ca2+ entry pathway that maintains Ca2+ homeostasis by sensing reduced Ca2+ levels in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). In general, the activation of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) or immunoreceptors, such as T-cell, B-cell and Fc receptors, results in the production of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3 )...

Cardiac metastases are the most common cardiac tumours. Any malignant tumour can metastasise to heart, but the most common causes of cardiac metastases are melanoma, lung, breast, oesophageal, and haematological malignancies. Endometrial stromal sarcoma (ESS) is a very rare endometrial malignancy. Metastases are usually found in the abdominal cavity, particularly on the peritoneal surfaces. Rarely, metastases to distant organs have also been reported. Cardiac metastases of ESS are extremely rare. Herein, we present a case of ESS who underwent successful surgery for right atrial metastasis 23 months after the initial diagnosis...

Immune checkpoint inhibitors cause side effects ranging from autoimmune endocrine disorders to severe cardiotoxicity. Periodic Fasting mimicking diet (FMD) cycles are emerging as promising enhancers of a wide range of cancer therapies including immunotherapy. Here, either FMD cycles alone or in combination with anti-OX40/anti-PD-L1 are much more effective than immune checkpoint inhibitors alone in delaying melanoma growth in mice. FMD cycles in combination with anti-OX40/anti-PD-L1 also show a trend for increased effects against a lung cancer model...

Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a complicated, heterogeneous genetic condition that causes left ventricular hypertrophy, fibrosis, hypercontractility, and decreased compliance. Despite the advances made over the past 3 decades in understanding the molecular and cellular mechanisms aggravating HCM, the relationship between pathophysiological stress stimuli and distinctive myocyte growth profiles is still imprecise. Currently, mavacamten, a selective and reversible inhibitor of cardiac myosin ATPase, is the only drug approved by the US FDA for the treatment of HCM...

The use of immunotherapies like Pembrolizumab (PEM), is increasingly common for the management of numerous cancer types. The use of PEM to bolster T-cell response against tumor growth is well documented. However, the interactions PEM has on other immune cells to facilitate tumor regression and clearance is unknown and warrants further investigation. In this review, we present literature findings that have reported the interactions of PEM in stimulating innate and adaptive immune cells, which enhance cytotoxic phenotypes...