Cutaneous infestation

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1, also known as Recklinghausen's disease, is a neurocutaneous tumor syndrome that is genetically determined and is associated with infestation of the integument with neurofibromas (nerve sheath tumors). The occurrence of neurofibromas can be very stressful for patients and often contributes to a reduced quality of life for patients, especially if externally visible body parts are affected. The aim of this study is to show to what extent the resection of cutaneous neurofibromas can improve patients' quality of life...

Myiasis is the infestation of live vertebrates by dipterous larvae. Cutaneous myiasis is the most common form, although many organs can be infected by these larvae. Cutaneous myiasis is divided into 3 forms: localized furuncular, migratory, and wound myiasis, which have a worldwide distribution, but tropical and subtropical countries have a heavier burden of the disease. Herein, we report a case of scalp wound myiasis in a patient with pemphigus vulgaris caused by Muscidae domestica (M. domestica) in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia...

Objective: To mine the adverse drug event (ADE) signals of upadacitinib based on the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database to provide a reference for the safe clinical use of the drug. Methods: The ADE data for upadacitinib from Q1 2004 to Q1 2023 in the FAERS database were retrieved, and data mining was performed using the reporting odds ratio and proportional reporting ratio. Results: A total of 21,213 ADE reports for the primary suspect drug upadacitinib were obtained, involving 444 ADEs...

A systemic parasitic infestation caused by the larval stages of the pork tapeworm, Taenia solium is known as Cysticercosis. While encysted form of the larval stage is attributed to rare variant of Cysticercosis of soft tissues. Muscle infestation by this parasite can lead to vague clinical presentation. We are presenting a series of 4 rare cases of extracranial, cervicofacial cysticercosis their clinical attributes and imaging characteristics leading to diagnosis of cysticercosis and approach to successful outcome with pharmacotherapy alone that spared the need of surgical management...

Parasitic infestations are one of the most concerning problems limiting ornamental fish farming. In addition to the direct economic losses due to the major mortalities, parasites may significantly negatively impact the body shape, coloration, growth rate, and health condition of the fish. The results of the study highlight the importance of comprehensive parasitological analysis in the diagnosis and treatment of parasitic infections in ornamental fish farms. The presence of multiple parasites in the affected fish emphasizes the need for effective biosecurity measures, such as extending the quarantine period for newly imported fish, closely monitoring fish populations, and implementing isolation units to prevent the spread of infections...

BACKGROUND: Rosacea is a common chronic inflammatory skin condition that is often refractory to treatment, with frequent relapses. Alterations in the skin immunological response and Demodex mite infestation are the primary aetiologic factors targeted for treatment. Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1) is a nociceptive cation channel that plays a role in cutaneous neurogenic pain and can be activated by various rosacea triggers. OBJECTIVES: We investigated the effects of TRPV1 modulation in rosacea, focussing on Demodex mite colonization and cutaneous neurogenic inflammation...

BACKGROUND: We aimed to investigate the frequency of Demodex infestation and clinical implications in connective tissue disease patients with facial erythema. METHODS: Patients diagnosed with a connective tissue disease and had facial erythema were consecutively enrolled in the study from 2019-2020. An age and gender matched control group was formed from healthy volunteers. Presence of Demodex was investigated by standardized skin surface biopsy. Number of Demodex mites over 5 per centimeter square was considered meaningful for infestation...

BACKGROUND: Chronic alcoholism is a multifactorial condition predisposed by environmental, social, and psychological factors. Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) can present with varied cutaneous and systemic manifestations. The effects of alcohol use include cutaneous infections, infestations, features of malnutrition, exacerbation of pre-existing dermatoses, and alcohol-related dermatoses. This study aimed to analyze and document cutaneous manifestations secondary to infections, infestations, malnutrition, and modifications of pre-existing dermatoses in ADS patients and investigate the correlation between the presence of cutaneous manifestations and duration and quantity of alcohol intake...

Members of the Triatoma and Arilus genera (family Reduviidae) often are mistaken as the same arthropod, though their bites have vastly different health implications. Bites of the wheel bug (Arilus cristatus) are painful compared to Triatoma bites, which are painless but can cause disease and result in an anaphylactic reaction, posing a risk to human health because these pliable insects commonly infest residential dwellings. A common dermatologic presentation of bites from Triatoma species and A cristatus is an erythematous pruritic papule that can progress to an urticarial wheal, though the presentation can differ from patient to patient...

We aimed to assess the knowledge, attitudes, and practices patterns of Moroccan dermatologists and their awareness of psychodermatology (PD). A survey questionnaire was distributed to dermatologists and dermatology trainees from May to July 2022. A total of 112 completed surveys were received. 63.4% were dermatologists and 36,6 % were dermatology residents. 72.3% summarized psychodermatology as the psychological impact of dermatological conditions. 50.9% reported frequent involvement with PD. Patients with a psycho-cutaneous condition represented a significant proportion of dermatological consultations (10 to 25% in 41...

Psychodermatology is the crossover discipline between Dermatology and Clinical Psychology and/or Psychiatry. It encompasses both Psychiatric diseases that present with cutaneous manifestations (such as delusional infestation) or more commonly, the psychiatric or psychological problems associated with skin disease, such as depression associated with psoriasis. These problems may be the result either of imbalance in or be the consequence of alteration in the homoeostatic endocrine mechanisms found in the systemic hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis or in the local cutaneous corticotrophin-releasing factor-proopiomelanocortin-corticosteroid axis...

BACKGROUND: Knowledge of early clinical manifestations, people's perceptions and behaviours is crucial in preventing and controlling neglected tropical diseases (NTDs). Cutaneous leishmaniasis is an NTD that causes skin lesions and affects millions worldwide. Delayed healthcare-seeking behaviour leading to prolonged treatment periods and complications is rife among people with cutaneous leishmaniasis. This study examined the patient-reported early clinical manifestations of cutaneous leishmaniasis, local interpretations and associated health behaviours within the socio-cultural context of rural Sri Lanka...

A total of 35 male roe deer (Capreolus capreolus) from Lugo province (north-western Spain) were examined for pedicle myiasis between 2020 and 2022. All these animals had died by different causes and were examined or preserved just after their death to avoid post-mortem infestations. After external and internal head inspection, five animals were diagnosed with severe myiasis at the basis of the antlers (14.29%; 95% confidence interval = 5.38-31.04). All the affected bucks presented a cutaneous wound (1...

Psoroptes ovis, a common surface-living mite of domestic and wild animals worldwide, results in huge economic losses and serious welfare issues in the animal industry. P. ovis infestation rapidly causes massive eosinophil infiltration in skin lesions, and increasing research revealed that eosinophils might play an important role in the pathogenesis of P. ovis infestation. Intradermal injection of P. ovis antigen invoked massive eosinophil infiltration, suggesting that this mite should contain some relative molecules involved in eosinophil accumulation in the skin...

Equine pastern dermatitis (EPD) is a nonspecific cutaneous reaction pattern on the distal extremities, typically in the palmar/plantar area of the pastern. Although EPD is commonly seen in equine practice and can be a debilitating condition, peer-reviewed original studies on many aspects of this multifactorial syndrome are still scarce. This narrative review aims to give an overview of the clinical presentation (forms of EPD and clinical scores and differential diagnoses), risk factors, and therapeutic approaches...

BACKGROUND: Dermanyssus gallinae , known as bird mite, generally lives on nestlings' featherless skin. Humans are accidentally infected, and itchy dermatitis is induced when the mites are unable to use birds' blood. The diagnosis is difficult due to the very small size and rapid movement of the mites, which make them hard to spot. CASE PRESENTATION: A 14-year-old male and his mother were referred to the allergy clinic complaining of a 2-week generalized itchy cutaneous papular lesion, unresponsive to antihista-mines, with the feeling of an insect moving on the surface of the skin...

Dermatobia hominis , the human botfly, is native to South and Central America with cases of infestation seen in travelers to these areas. Myiasis is the cutaneous manifestation of larvae between two periods of molting (instar) and presents as a firm furuncular mass with a central pore that can be easily clinically overlooked. Ultrasound is useful in the diagnostic workup and has specific features and techniques to demonstrate live larva. We present a patient who acquired cutaneous furuncular myiasis caused by D...

Cutaneous larva migrans (CLM) is a zoonotic skin disease that is frequently diagnosed in tropical and subtropical countries. Loeffler's syndrome (LS) is a transient respiratory ailment characterised by pulmonary infiltration along with peripheral eosinophilia and commonly follows parasitic infestation. We report a 33-year-old male patient who presented to a tertiary care hospital in eastern India in 2019 with LS that was attributed secondary to multifocal CLM. Treatment with seven-day course of oral albendazole (400 mg daily) coupled with nebulisation (levosalbutamol and budesonide) led to complete resolution of cutaneous lesions and respiratory complaints within two weeks...

Cutaneous myiasis is an infection most commonly caused globally by Dermatobia hominus, the human botfly, which is endemic to Central and South America. In North America, the most common cause of cutaneous myiasis is infestation with the larvae of Cuterebra, the North American botfly. The authors describe a 44-year-old man who presented with a 1-month history of intermittent, severe, boring pain along the side of his nose that progressed to swelling and redness along his right inferior orbital rim and lacrimal sac...

"Myiasis" is considered in Hindu mythology as "God's punishment for sinners". Literature abounds with reports of myiasis affecting the nasal cavity, ear, non healing ulcers, exophytic malignant growth and cutaneous tissue. But case report of myiasis of the tracheostomy wound is relatively rare and that also peristomally is seen first time. We are reporting two cases whose tracheostomy was done, one for laryngeal cancer and other for laryngocoele. We are discussing the need for the proper care of tracheostomy wound myiasis because the site of such an infestation is close to vital organs in the neck and avoiding complications...