Colon interval cancer

BACKGROUND: Efficacy of adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with stage II colon cancer is still controversial. The SACURA trial is a randomised-controlled study evaluating the superiority of 1-year adjuvant treatment with oral tegafur-uracil (UFT) to surgery alone for stage II colon cancer. METHODS: Patients were randomly assigned to the surgery-alone group or UFT group (UFT at 500-600 mg/day for 5 days, followed by 2-day rest, for 1 year). The primary end-point was disease-free survival (DFS)...

INTRODUCTION: Adjuvant chemotherapy is recommended in patients with stage II colon cancer with high-risk features (HRF). However, there is no quantification of the amount of risk conferred by each HRF or the overall survival (OS) benefit gained by chemotherapy based on the risk factor. OBJECTIVE: To assess survival benefits associated with adjuvant chemotherapy among stage II colon cancer patients having one or more HRF [T4 tumors, less than 12 lymph nodes examined (< 12LN), positive margins, high-grade tumor, perineural invasion (PNI), and lymphovascular invasion (LVI)]...

BACKGROUND: Lynch syndrome (LS) patients have a high risk of developing various tumors. This study aimed to clarify the characteristics of tumors developing in LS patients. METHODS: This is a retrospective review of 55 LS patients treated at Tokyo Metropolitan Cancer and Infectious Diseases Center Komagome Hospital. RESULTS: The median age at the diagnosis of the first malignant tumor and first LS-related tumor was 44 (range, 19-65) and 44 (range, 24-66) years, respectively...

PURPOSE: Although computed tomography (CT) is the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing colonic diverticulitis today, there remains a risk of colorectal cancer mimicking diverticulitis due to overlapping imaging features. Current practice guidelines recommend interval colonoscopy after diverticulitis to exclude occult malignancy. Some authors have suggested that this may be unnecessary in patients with uncomplicated diverticulitis. The aim of our study was to examine the prevalence of occult colorectal cancer in patients with CT-proven acute uncomplicated diverticulitis in an Asian population...

PURPOSE: Colectomy for cancer in obese patients is technically challenging and may be associated with worse outcomes. Whether visceral obesity, as measured on computed tomography, is a better predictor of complication than body mass index (BMI) or determines long-term oncologic outcomes has not been well characterized. This study examines the association between derived anthropometrics and postoperative complication and long-term oncologic outcomes. METHODS: Retrospective review of patients undergoing elective colectomy for cancer at a single tertiary-care center from 2010 to 2016...

BACKGROUND: The use of self-expandable metallic stent(SEMS)was first authorized by insurance and became available nationwide in Japan in 2012. Insertion of SEMS for colorectal obstruction due to colorectal cancer is useful as a bridge to surgery(BTS)approach and releases stenosis as palliative care. AIM: To assess the outcomes of SEMS placement for colorectal obstruction. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A total of 14 patients were treated with SEMS between April 2014 and March 2017...

BACKGROUND: Comorbidity has a detrimental effect on cancer survival, however, it is difficult to disentangle its direct effect from its influence on treatment choice. In this study we assessed the effect of comorbidity on survival in patients who received standard treatment for resected stage II and III colorectal cancer (CRC). PATIENTS AND METHODS: In total, 230 CRC patients, 68 rectal (29.6%) and 162 colon cancer (70.4%) treated with surgical resection and neoadjuvant/adjuvant chemotherapy from December 2002 to December 2009 at Humanitas Cancer Center were retrospectively reviewed...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of vitamin C on inflammation, tumor development, and dysbiosis of intestinal microbiota in an azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced inflammation-associated early colon cancer mouse model. MATERIALS/METHODS: Male BALB/c mice were injected intraperitoneally with AOM [10 mg/kg body weight (b.w)] and given two 7-d cycles of 2% DSS drinking water with a 14 d inter-cycle interval...

This study aimed to compare common histologic markers at the invasive front of colon adenocarcinoma in terms of prognostic accuracy and interobserver agreement. Consecutive patients who underwent curative resection for stages I to III colon adenocarcinoma at a single institution in 2007 to 2014 were identified. Poorly differentiated clusters (PDCs), tumor budding, perineural invasion, desmoplastic reaction, and Crohn-like lymphoid reaction at the invasive front, as well as the World Health Organization (WHO) grade of the entire tumor, were analyzed...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Colorectal cancer incidence has been rapidly rising in those under the age of 50 over the last 20 years. This paper will review the epidemiology, clinicopathologic, molecular features, proposed risk factors, and prevention/treatment approach for early onset CRC (EOCRC) patients. RECENT FINDINGS: EOCRC appears to have a different spectrum of clinical, pathologic, and molecular presentation compared to CRC diagnosed in older individuals. EOCRCs are disproportionately located in the distal colon; these patients tend to present with symptoms, and there is a longer interval between symptoms and diagnosis...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the impact of seasonal variations in climate on the performance of the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) in screening for colorectal cancer in the National Cancer Screening Program in Korea. METHODS: Data were extracted from the National Cancer Screening Program databases for participants who underwent FIT between 2009 and 2010. We compared positivity rates, cancer detection rates, interval cancer rates, positive predictive value, sensitivity, and specificity for FIT during the spring, summer, fall, and winter seasons in Korea...

BACKGROUND: Over 20 years after the introduction of laparoscopic surgery for colon cancer, many surgeons still prefer the open approach. Whereas randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have proven the oncologic safety of laparoscopy, long-term data depicting daily clinical routine are scarce. METHODS: This population-based cohort study compares 5-year overall, relative, and recurrence-free survival rates after laparoscopic and open colon carcinoma surgery. Data derive from an independent German cancer registry encompassing all tumor patients within a political district of 1...

Prognosis in colon cancer is based on pathological criteria including TNM staging. However, there are deficiencies in this approach, and the lymph node ratio (LNR) has been proposed to improve the prediction of outcomes. LNR is dependent on optimal retrieval of lymph nodes-lymph node count (LNC). Recent studies have suggested that an elevated preoperative systemic inflammatory response (SIR) was associated with a lower LNC and a higher LNR. However, there are a number of potential confounding factors. The aim of the present study was to examine, in detail, these relationships in a large cohort of patients...

BACKGROUND: Since 2004, a regimen of 6 months of treatment with oxaliplatin plus a fluoropyrimidine has been standard adjuvant therapy in patients with stage III colon cancer. However, since oxaliplatin is associated with cumulative neurotoxicity, a shorter duration of therapy could spare toxic effects and health expenditures. METHODS: We performed a prospective, preplanned, pooled analysis of six randomized, phase 3 trials that were conducted concurrently to evaluate the noninferiority of adjuvant therapy with either FOLFOX (fluorouracil, leucovorin, and oxaliplatin) or CAPOX (capecitabine and oxaliplatin) administered for 3 months, as compared with 6 months...

A family history of colorectal cancer (CRC) in first-degree relatives (FDRs) increases the risk of CRC. However, the influence of family history on survival among CRC patients remains unclear. We conducted a pooled analysis of survival in 5010 incident CRC cases. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the association of family history with overall survival (OS) and CRC-specific survival (CSS). We also assessed the impact of the number of affected FDRs and age at CRC diagnosis in the affected FDRs on survival...

BACKGROUND: This study explores whether externalizing religious and spiritual beliefs is associated with advanced-stage colon cancer at initial oncology presentation and whether this association is stronger for blacks than for whites. METHODS: Patients who had newly diagnosed, invasive colon cancer were recruited at 9 sites in the Chicago metropolitan area. Eligible patients were non-Hispanic white or black, ages 30 to 79 years, and diagnosed with a primary invasive colon cancer...

Elevated serum uric acid (SUA) is a marker of chronic inflammation and has been suggested to be associated with increased risk of cancer, but its antioxidant capacity would justify an anticancer effect. Previous meta-analyses did not include all available results. We conducted a systematic review of prospective studies on SUA level and risk of all cancers and specific cancers, a conducted a meta-analysis based on random-effects models for high versus low SUA level as well as for an increase in 1 mg/dl SUA...

BACKGROUND: We examined the delivery of physician palliative care (PC) services and its association with aggressive end-of-life care (EOLC) in patients with gastrointestinal (GI) cancer in Ontario, Canada. METHODS: All patients with primary cause of death from esophageal, gastric, colon, and anorectal cancer from January 2003 to December 2013 were identified. PC services within 2 years of death were classified: (1) any PC; (2) timing of first PC (≤ 7, 8-90, 91-180, and 181-730 days before death); and (3) intensity of PC measured by number of days used (1st-25th, 26th-50th, 51st-75th, and 76th-100th percentiles)...

Backgrounds and Aims: Melanosis coli (MC) is a noninflammatory, benign, and reversible colonic disorder, but its detection rates in China are unclear. We therefore aimed to analyze the epidemiological characteristics of MC in China. Methods: We assessed the detection rates, associated factors and concomitant diseases of MC in the patients who underwent colonoscopy at eight medical centers across five regions of China between January 2006 and October 2016. All data were procured from the electronic database established at each participating institutions...

Metastatic brain tumors are important complications in the overall management of cancers. We sought to determine the risk of local recurrence and leptomeningeal carcinomatosis(LC)in patients treated with surgical resection and adjuvant radiation therapy. We retrospectively reviewed 173 consecutive patients with metastatic brain tumors managed by surgical resection between 2002 and 2015 in a single institution. Eighty-seven percent of the patients underwent postoperative adjuvant radiotherapy. The median overall survival from surgery was 9...