hydrops

PURPOSE: Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) as pharmaceutical and drug delivery tools exhibited harmful effects on human health and other living species. Quercetin (Qur) reveals various pharmacological effects specially antioxidant, anti-inflammatory and antiapoptotic. This study is directed to investigate hepatotoxicity of GNPs, in addition, to assess the impact of Qur in mitigating the toxicological effects of GNPs. METHODS: Groups of rats were treated with or without sphere GNPs (10, 20 and 50 nm) and Qur (200 mg/kg b...

The cochlear tonotopic map determines where along the basilar membrane traveling waves of different frequencies peak. Endolymphatic hydrops has been hypothesized to shift the tonotopic map by altering the stiffness of the cochlear partition, especially in the apex. In this exploratory study performed in a handful of normal and hydropic ears, we report preliminary measurements of interaural differences assayed using behavioral pitch-matching supplemented by measurements of reflection otoacoustic-emission phase-gradient delays...

Congenital erythropoietic porphyria (CEP), also known as Gunther's disease, is an uncommon autosomal recessive disorder caused by a mutation in the uroporphyrinogen III synthase gene. This mutation results in reduced enzyme levels in heme synthesis and the accumulation of pathogenic porphyrin isomers, uroporphyrin I and coproporphyrin I, leading to the clinical manifestations of CEP. Typically, CEP manifests shortly after birth with severe cutaneous photosensitivity, blistering, ulceration, and scarring. Erythrodontia, acro-osteolysis, and skeletal abnormalities are frequently present in conjunction with it...

PURPOSE: The endolymph of the inner ear, vital for balance and hearing, has long been considered impermeable to intravenously administered gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) due to the tight blood-endolymph barrier. However, anecdotal observations suggested potential GBCA entry in delayed heavily T2-weighted 3D-real inversion recovery (IR) MRI scans. This study systematically investigated GBCA distribution in the endolymph using this 3D-real IR sequence. METHODS: Forty-one patients suspected of endolymphatic hydrops (EHs) underwent pre-contrast, 4-h, and 24-h post-contrast 3D-real IR imaging...

Meniere's Disease is a rare ear disorder that can cause severe morbidity to the patient and has no definitive treatment to date. Endolymphatic hydrops is the critical event. Though symptomatology is well understood, the exact etiology of Endolymphatic hydrops attack is still unclear. Twenty-five consecutive patients of Meniere's Disease diagnosed in the Vertigo clinic aged 12 to 70 years were included. Their allergic status was evaluated using a skin prick test. Allergic and non-allergic patients were then identified...

PURPOSE: To determine the characteristics of an eye that developed acute hydrops while being treated for infectious keratitis. OBSERVATION: A 35-year-old man presented with pain and blurred vision in his left eye. He had undergone cataract surgery seven years earlier and was being treated for poorly controlled atopic dermatitis. The decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) of the left eye was 0.01. Slit-lamp microscopy showed conjunctival injection, corneal opacification, and a corneal ulcer...

Management of large acute corneal hydrops (ACH) has always been a challenge. Various medical and surgical management options have been used, such as topical steroids, cycloplegics, antiglaucoma medications, antibiotics, Descemet's membrane reposition, and pre-Descematic sutures, for the management of acute hydrops, but have shown limited benefit. We hereby describe a novel technique of appositional continuous overlay sutures along with air tamponade for surgical management of corneal edema following large ACH...

BACKGROUND: Glucose-6-phosphate isomerase deficiency is a rare genetic disorder causing hereditary nonspherocytic hemolytic anemia. It is the second most common glycolytic enzymopathy in red blood cells. About 90 cases are reported worldwide, with symptoms including chronic hemolytic anemia, jaundice, splenomegaly, gallstones, cholecystitis, and in severe cases, neurological impairments, hydrops fetalis, and neonatal death. CASE PRESENTATION: This paper details the case of the first Danish patient diagnosed with glucose-6-phosphate isomerase deficiency...

INTRODUCTION: Unilateral congenital high airway obstruction syndrome (CHAOS) is caused by a complete obstruction of a mainstem bronchus with resulting hyperinflation and accelerated growth of one lung, severe mediastinal shift and hydrops. Spontaneous perforation of the atresia has been observed in CHAOS which allows hydrops to resolve but hyperinflation, mediastinal shift and a critical airway obstruction persists as the perforation is usually pinhole-sized. CASE PRESENTATION: We present a case of unilateral CHAOS presenting at 26 2/7 weeks' with observed-to-expected total lung volume (O/E TLV) of 203% with spontaneous perforation occurring at 28 weeks' with resolution of hydrops but persistence of hyperinflation and mediastinal shift with an O/E TLV of 60...

BACKGROUND: This was a 30-year retrospective cohort study that approximates closely to the natural history of cardiac tumors diagnosed in the fetus, since there was no case of pregnancy interruption. OBJECTIVE: To assess morbidity and mortality in the perinatal period and at long term in fetuses diagnosed with cardiac tumor. Our secondary objective was to assess the evaluating factors of perinatal and postnatal results. METHODS: This was a retrospective cohort study with 74 pregnant women with an echocardiographic diagnosis of fetal cardiac tumor at two referral centers between May 1991 and November 2021...

BACKGROUND: Posterior expansion of the utricular endolymphatic space (ES) is a finding occasionally observed, and often occurs in bilateral ears. The clinical significance of posterior expansion of the utricular ES is not clear. OBJECTIVES: To investigate the clinical significance of posterior expansion of the utricular ES detected on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Among 957 patients who underwent contrast-enhanced MRI to investigate the presence of endolymphatic hydrops (EH), clinical findings in cases with posterior expansion of the utricular ES were evaluated and the significance of their existence is considered...

Congenital myopathies are a genetically heterogeneous group of neuromuscular disorders that commonly present with congenital hypotonia and weakness but can also present broadly. The most severe presentation is neonatal with arthrogryposis and, rarely, fetal akinesia and pterygia, features also seen in lethal multiple pterygium syndrome (LMPS). We describe two fetuses with similar phenotype, including hydrops fetalis, large cystic hygromas, bilateral talipes, and fetal akinesia in the second trimester. Genetic diagnoses were made using exome sequencing...

BACKGROUND: Menière's disease (MD) is an inner ear disease characterized by vertigo attacks, progressive hearing loss, tinnitus, and the sensation of aural fullness. Although the exact pathophysiology of MD is unknown, endolymphatic hydrops is considered to be its histopathological hallmark. It has been suggested that endolymphatic hydrops results from lowered perfusion pressure due to cardiovascular comorbidity. Cardiovascular risk factors can cause cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD), visible on MRI...

In order to improve the awareness and understanding of hydropic ear disease, the Vertigo Committee of the Chinese Medical Education Association established an expert group and formed the expert recommendation on clinical diagnosis and treatment pathway of hydrochloric ear disease after repeated discussions, based on the existing medical evidence and clinical experience of experts. The article included the understanding process, characteristics, medical history collection and physical examination, diagnosis and clinical pathway of various treatment and rehabilitation methods in hydrochloric ear disease, aiming to promote standardized clinical work and research on hydropic ear disease...

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BACKGROUND: Ritodrine hydrochloride is a widely used beta-adrenergic agonist used to stop preterm labor in Taiwan. Many side effects causing maternal morbidity and mortality have been reported. We report a case complicated with ritodrine-induced side effects and mirror syndrome that was associated with placental chorioangioma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 36-year-old singleton pregnant woman at 25 6/7 weeks of gestation, with an undiagnosed placental chorioangioma, underwent tocolysis due to preterm uterine contractions...

The unguarded tricuspid valve is a rare and severe condition. When found in the fetus, they mostly undergo abortion or intrauterine death. The details of the fetal course in such cases are poorly understood. Here, we report a case of an unguarded tricuspid valve detected at 20 weeks of gestation who developed a complete atrioventricular block and survived in utero. The fetus also had pulmonary atresia with intact ventricular septum, Uhl's disease, hypoplastic right ventricle, noncompacted left ventricle, valvular aortic stenosis, and right coronary artery fistula to the right ventricle...

Uterine leiomyomas, benign tumors common in reproductive-aged women, can display rare variants such as hydropic leiomyoma (HL), which exhibit unique histological features like zonal edema and increased vascularity. However, due to its rarity, comprehensive clinical knowledge about HL is limited. We report a case of a 49-year-old Japanese woman who was premenopausal and nulliparous, presenting with a two-year history of abdominal distension. An MRI scan revealed a 20 cm mass in the posterior part of the uterus, exhibiting characteristics suggestive of an ovarian tumor...

BACKGROUND: The objectives were to evaluate the descriptive features of newborns with a diagnosis of Rhesus (Rh) hemolytic disease, to determine the morbidity and mortality rates, to evaluate the treatment methods and the factors affecting treatment requirements and clinical outcomes during a ten-year period at a tertiary center. METHODS: Newborn infants who had a positive direct Coombs test and/or had a history of intrauterine transfusion (IUT) due to Rh hemolytic disease were included...

Fetal pleural effusion has been reported to be associated with chromosomal abnormalities, genetic syndromes, obstructive uropathy, lymphatic vessel abnormalities such as Noonan syndrome, RASopathy and congenital lymphatic anomalies, thoracic cavity defects, Rh or ABO incompatibility, non-immune hydrops fetalis, infections, congenital cardiac anomalies, metabolic diseases and hematologic diseases such as α-thalassemia. This review provides an overview of syndromic and single gene disorders associated with fetal pleural effusion that is useful for genetic counseling and fetal therapy at prenatal diagnosis of fetal pleural effusion...