B Kogon

BACKGROUND: Mental health disorders (MHD) within the pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD) population are prevalent. The frequency is unknown with which psychotropic medications that commonly treat these conditions are used in this population. METHODS: Data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort study were utilized to describe the use of psychotropic medications and patient-related characteristics of use. Medications were classified into 3 groups: antidepressants, CNS stimulants, and antipsychotic/mood stabilizing medications...

BACKGROUND: Few longitudinal studies have evaluated the impact of chronic kidney disease (CKD) duration on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The study's aim was to determine how HRQOL changes over time in childhood CKD. METHODS: Study participants were children in the chronic kidney disease in children (CKiD) cohort who completed the pediatric quality of life inventory (PedsQL) on three or more occasions over the course of two or more years. Generalized gamma (GG) mixed-effects models were applied to assess the effect of CKD duration on HRQOL while controlling for selected covariates...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at risk for neurocognitive deficits and academic underachievement. This population may be at risk for lower educational attainment and higher rates of unemployment; however, published data has focused on patients with advanced CKD and exist in isolation from assessment of neurocognition and kidney function. METHODS: Data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) cohort study were used to characterize educational attainment and employment status in young adults with CKD...

BACKGROUND: Vitamin D deficiency is common in glomerular disease. Supplementation may be ineffective due to ongoing urinary losses of vitamin D binding protein. We sought to determine if daily cholecalciferol supplementation would increase vitamin D concentrations in children with glomerular disease and persistent proteinuria, without adverse effects. METHODS: Eighteen participants at least 5 years of age with primary glomerular disease and urine protein:creatinine ratio ≥ 0...

OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare the clinical characteristics, risk factors, and overall survival outcomes in adults with congenital heart disease (ACHD) bridged to transplantation with ventricular assist device (VAD) vs. no-VAD. METHODS: The study included 894 ACHD patients aged ≥ 18 years listed for primary heart transplantation between 2010 and 2019 from the United Network for Organ Sharing database. Primary outcomes were waitlist and 1-yr post-transplant mortality between VAD and no-VAD ACHD patients...

A patient with severe mitral regurgitation and chronic systolic heart failure taking inotropic support at home presents for transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair, complicated by torrential mitral regurgitation from damaged mitral leaflets requiring escalating mechanical circulatory support and ultimately expedited orthotopic heart transplantation. ( Level of Difficulty: Intermediate. ).

The Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) prospective cohort study was designed to address the neurocognitive, growth, cardiovascular, and disease progression of children and adolescents with mild to moderate CKD. The study has had continuous funding from NIDDK for 17 years and has contributed significant advances in pediatric CKD. The goals of this educational review are threefold: (1) to provide an overview of the neurocognitive and psychosocial studies from CKiD to date; (2) to provide best practice recommendations for those working with the neurocognitive and psychosocial aspects of pediatric CKD based on CKiD findings; and (3) to help chart future goals and directives for both research and clinical practice...

Introduction: Prior cross-sectional studies suggest that health-related quality of life (HRQOL) worsens with more severe glomerular disease. This longitudinal analysis was conducted to assess changes in HRQOL with changing disease status. Methods: Cure Glomerulonephropathy (CureGN) is a cohort of patients with minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, IgA vasculitis, or IgA nephropathy. HRQOL was assessed at enrollment and follow-up visits 1 to 3 times annually for up to 5 years with the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS)...

PURPOSE: A recent study showed increasing the time from referral to procurement for donor hearts increases mortality for heart transplant recipients. The purpose of this study is to look at the effect of the interval from referral to procurement on mortality in lung transplant recipients. METHODS: The United Network for Organ Sharing (UNOS) database was retrospectively reviewed from 01/2007-03/2018 for donor lungs. After exclusions for multi-organ transplants and age (donor <15 years(y), recipient <18y); 18,986 recipients had lung transplants...

BACKGROUND: To evaluate impact of anemia on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) over time in a large pediatric cohort with mild-to-moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: Participants were enrolled in the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children Study (CKiD), a multicenter, longitudinal cohort. HRQOL was measured using the Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL). Anemia was defined as hemoglobin < 5th percentile for age, sex, and race. Two longitudinal analyses were conducted on consecutive visit pairs...

BACKGROUND: In adult chronic kidney disease (CKD), metabolic acidosis is associated with diminished cognition, notably executive function (EF). Data from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study demonstrate a risk for impairment of EF, a finding associated with heightened blood pressure variability (BPV). We sought to determine whether low serum bicarbonate is also associated with performance on tests of EF in pediatric CKD and to investigate potential interaction with BPV...

BACKGROUND: Children with mild to moderate chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for deficits in neurocognition. Less is known about how CKD affects emotional-behavioral functioning in this population. METHODS: Parent ratings of emotional-behavioral functioning at baseline and over time were examined for 845 children with mild to moderate CKD using the Behavior Assessment System for Children, Second Edition Parent Rating Scales (BASC-2 PRS). Associations with demographic and disease-related predictors were also examined...

Background Cardiovascular disease is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in children with chronic kidney disease. We sought to determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors in children with glomerular disease and to describe current practice patterns regarding risk factor identification and management. Methods and Results Seven-hundred sixty-one children aged 0 to 17 years with any of 4 biopsy-confirmed primary glomerular diseases (minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and IgA nephropathy/vasculitis) were enrolled at a median of 16 months from glomerular disease diagnosis in the multicenter prospective Cure Glomerulonephropathy Network study...

There is scant literature describing the effect of glomerular disease on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). The Cure Glomerulonephropathy study (CureGN) is an international longitudinal cohort study of children and adults with four primary glomerular diseases (minimal change disease, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, membranous nephropathy, and IgA nephropathy). HRQOL is systematically assessed using items from the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Informative System (PROMIS). We assessed the relationship between HRQOL and demographic and clinical variables in 478 children and 1115 adults at the time of enrollment into CureGN...

BACKGROUND: There are limited data to describe academic achievement outcomes for children with mild to moderate pediatric chronic kidney disease (CKD). The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence of low academic achievement in patients with mild to moderate CKD. METHODS: Wechsler Individual Achievement Test, Second Edition, Abbreviated (WIAT-II-A) data were collected at entry into the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children (CKiD) study. Achievement in basic reading, spelling, mathematics, and total achievement was evaluated with a focus on the effects of comorbid CKD-related variables, neurocognitive, and school-based characteristics on academic achievement...

OBJECTIVE: To identify factors contributing to cognitive impairment in children with lupus nephritis. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional analysis of a large multicenter national cohort of children with chronic kidney disease (CKD) using standardized measures to determine baseline neuropsychiatric function and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in children with lupus nephritis (n = 34), and to compare baseline function with that in children with other forms of glomerular CKD (gCKD; n = 171)...

BACKGROUND: Growth impairment remains common in children with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Available literature indicates low level of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) utilization in short children with CKD. Despite efforts at consensus guidelines, lack of high-level evidence continues to complicate rhGH therapy decision-making and the level of practice variability in rhGH treatment by pediatric nephrologists is unknown. METHODS: Cross-sectional online survey electronically distributed to pediatric nephrologists through the Midwest Pediatric Nephrology Consortium and American Society of Pediatric Nephrology...

UNLABELLED: Children with congenital heart diseases have increased morbidity and mortality, despite various surgical treatments, therefore warranting better treatment strategies. Here we investigate the role of age of human pediatric cardiac progenitor cells (hCPCs) on ventricular remodeling in a model of juvenile heart failure. hCPCs isolated from children undergoing reconstructive surgeries were divided into 3 groups based on age: neonate (1 day to 1 month), infant (1 month to 1 year), and child (1 to 5 years)...

BACKGROUND: Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) is an important problem after interrupted aortic arch (IAA) repair, especially when early reoperation is required during infancy. Several anatomic factors have been identified that increase LVOTO risk; surgical strategies such as concomitant resection of the conal septum or left ventricular outflow tract (LVOT) bypass (single-stage Yasui operation, or staged Norwood procedure, followed by the Rastelli procedure) have been proposed for such patients...

OBJECTIVE: To assess depression in children with chronic kidney disease and to determine associations with patient characteristics, intellectual and educational levels, and health-related quality of life (HRQoL). STUDY DESIGN: Subjects aged 6-17 years from the Chronic Kidney Disease in Children cohort study completed the Children's Depression Inventory (CDI), Wechsler Abbreviated Scales of Intelligence, Wechsler Individual Achievement Test-II-Abbreviated, and the Pediatric Inventory of Quality of Life Core Scales 4...