Facial nerve palsy

The objective of this study is to make a clinical analysis for first branchial cleft anomalies (FBCAs), especially introduce the relationship between the Type I/II FBCA with the facial nerve and to demonstrate the importance of using intraoperative microscope and facial nerve monitoring. This is a retrospective review of patients with FBCAs treated in Beijing Children's Hospital, from Jan 2013 to Dec 2015. Clinical data of patients, including sex, age, chief complains, history of surgery, incision and drainage, the relationship with the facial nerve, pre and post-operative facial paralysis, recurrent rate and complications were recorded...

Background We report a case of hypertensive microbleeds strategically located at the attached segment (AS) and root entry zone (REZ) at the left facial nerve causing facial paralysis. Case Report A 60-year-old woman presented with sudden onset left facial paralysis. Medical history was significant for poorly controlled hypertension secondary to bilateral adrenal hyperplasia (primary hyperaldosteronism). The patient was initially treated for presumptive Bell's palsy. Subsequent magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and internal auditory canal showed two microbleeds at the left cerebellopontine angle...

OBJECTIVE: There were few studies reporting atypical hemifacial spasm(AHFS) and the mechanism of AHFS is still unclear. The purpose of this article was to study the etiology, prognosis and treatment of atypical hemifacial spasm. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data for 14 consecutive patients that underwent microvascular decompression(MVD) for AHFS from January 2014 to December 2015. The clinical feature, outcome and complications were observed...

CONTEXT: In cases of chronic facial palsy, where direct neurotisation is possible, ipsilateral masseteric nerve is a very suitable motor donor. We have tried to specifically locate the masseteric nerve for this purpose. AIMS: Describing an approach of localisation and exposure of both the zygomatic branch of Facial nerve and the nerve to masseter, with respect to a soft tissue reference point over face. SETTINGS AND DESIGN: Observational cross sectional study, conducted on 12 fresh cadavers...

A giant intracranial aneurysm was diagnosed in a 10-year-old girl when she developed a right abducens nerve palsy. The aneurysm was treated successfully. Six years later, however, she presented with a progressive en coup de sabre deformity, leading to the diagnosis Parry Romberg Syndrome (PRS), a rare diagnosis characterized by hemifacial atrophy of skin, subcutaneous tissue, skeletal muscle and bones and often associated with various non-specific intracerebral abnormalities. In this patient retrospective analysis of computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging imaging indeed revealed intracerebral calcifications and aspecific white matter lesions...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

INTRODUCTION: Neurosyphilis producing basal meningitis presenting as sequential transient cranial nerve palsies was well recognized before the antibiotic era. OBJECTIVE: To report two patients presenting with acute unilateral peripheral vestibulopathy due to syphilitic basal meningitis. RESULTS: In Case 1 basal meningitis occurred early in the secondary phase of the infection, in Case 2 in the late latent phase. The diagnosis was not made immediately in either case; in Case 1 after previous presentation with increasing hearing loss and then with facial palsy and then a subsequent presentation with optic neuritis; in Case 2 after investigation for possible lymphoma...

We report the case of two young brothers with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) otomastoiditis complicated by a facial nerve paralysis. The boys, aged 7 months (patient A) and 2 years and 8 months (patient B), were diagnosed with a facial nerve paralysis House-Brackmann (HB) grade IV (A) and V (B). After unsuccessful pharmacological treatment, patient A underwent mastoidectomy and atticoantrotomy and patient B underwent a transmastoidal surgical decompression of the facial nerve. They recovered to HB grades I and II facial nerve palsy (FNP), respectively...

Bell's palsy (BP) in children is a rare case with no documented evidence regarding its rehabilitation management. Till date, individuals with BP are being treated with electrical stimulation are proportionately greater than other conventional means such as facial exercise and massage. These conventional modes of treatment have proved to have less incidence of synkinesis with more benefits. Here, we report a case of a 7-year-old boy diagnosed clinically to have right idiopathic facial nerve paralysis, who underwent 14 days of facial proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation exercises along with facial therapeutic massage...

Congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders are a group of diseases caused by abnormal development of cranial nerve nuclei or their axonal connections, resulting in aberrant innervation of the ocular and facial musculature. Its diagnosis could be facilitated by the development of high resolution thin-section magnetic resonance imaging. The purpose of this review is to describe the method to visualize cranial nerves III, IV, and VI and to present the imaging findings of congenital cranial dysinnervation disorders including congenital oculomotor nerve palsy, congenital trochlear nerve palsy, Duane retraction syndrome, Möbius syndrome, congenital fibrosis of the extraocular muscles, synergistic divergence, and synergistic convergence...

Facial nerve dysfunction can be functionally and cosmetically debilitating and is commonly associated with high anxiety for patients. We report 3 cases of temporary, unilateral facial nerve palsy following dermatologic surgery under local anaesthesia over the preauricular cheek and mandibular angle, which, to our knowledge, has not been reported in the literature. Given its frightening presentation mimicking a stroke, it is essential for dermatologists to become aware of this complication to inform their patients more thoroughly...

INTRODUCTION: Chondroblastoma is a rare tumor that can involve the temporal bone. Because it is a benign tumor, functional surgery must be proposed. We report a case of a patient with a massive chondroblastoma operated on with preservation of the facial nerve, and description of the surgical technique. CASE PRESENTATION: A 37-year-old man presented with a 9-month history of a growing left pre-auricular mass and hearing loss. Neuroimaging showed an osteolytic mass invading the temporal bone and temporomandibular joint...

BACKGROUND: Unilateral established or congenital facial palsies are usually treated with neuromuscular transplantation to reanimate the impaired side of the face. One of the most debated points is the motor nerve to choose for the reinnervation of the transplant. Contra-lateral healthy facial nerve is usually preferred, but in selected cases motor nerve to masseter is considered a valuable option. However only a few clinical studies focused on quality of life in this subset of patients are available in literature...

BACKGROUND: Neurosyphilis is the tertiary stage of Treponema pallidum infection that involves the central nervous system, which occurs within days or weeks after an initial syphilis infection, especially in immunocompromised patients. The diagnosis of neurosyphilis is quite challenging as it is uncommon and often presents with obscure symptoms since any organ system may be involved. CASE PRESENTATION: We describe a case of a 40-year-old African man who is human immunodeficiency virus positive with early neurosyphilis who presented with a stiff neck, headache, confusion, restlessness, and a left-sided chest pain; he did not respond to an empiric treatment of ceftriaxone and fluconazole for meningitis, and tramadol for headache...

RATIONALE: Hereditary neuropathy with liability to pressure palsy (HNPP) is an episodic, multifocal neuropathy, with a typical clinical presentation of recurrent transient pressure palsies, which is induced by a PMP22 deletion. Another neuropathy caused by a PMP22 duplication is Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A). PMP22 is a gene coding a protein called peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22), which plays an essential role in the formation and maintenance of compact myelin. Coexistence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and CMT1A has been reported in many work, however HNPP patients with T2DM are rare, and comorbidity of HNPP and psoriasis has not been reported previously...

Space-demanding or destructive changes in the petrous bone are often challenging differential diagnosis. Cholesterol granulomas of the petrous apex can clinically present in a combination of hearing loss, vertigo, tinnitus, chronic cephalgia, impairment of facial nerve function, neuralgic pain of the nervus trigeminus, or manifest diplopia by the nerve palsy of the nervus abducens. CT-morphologically cholesterol granulomas appear as soft-tissue density masses, which may display a discrete rim after intravenous administration of a contrast agent...

PURPOSE: Complications associated with gold-weight insertion for lagophthalmos are uncommon, recent reports have provided evidence to suggest that type IV hypersensitivity to gold can cause a persistent inflammatory reaction. METHODS: We present a case of a 46-year-old man who experienced persistent post-operative inflammation, and summarize previously documented cases. This patient underwent uncomplicated insertion of an upper eyelid gold weight for right-sided facial nerve palsy...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Introduction - Axonal excitability measures give insight into the biophysical properties of peripheral nerve axons. This study applies these techniques to the study of facial palsy. Methods - 30 patients with established facial palsy due to unresolved Bell's palsy or herpes zoster (>6 months duration), tumour invasion of the facial nerve or traumatic facial nerve injury were assessed using facial nerve excitability techniques. Results - Full recordings were obtained in 23 patients (15 unrecovered Bell's palsy or herpes zoster, 5 trauma, 3 tumour related)...