revenue cycle

To extend the network life, an ordinal potential game is introduced into network topology control, and a network topology control algorithm based on the Theil entropy measure is designed by improving the revenue function. The revenue function is based on the Theil entropy measure, whose factors are in the residual energy of the nodes and their neighbors. By using a primary payoff function that considers all initial network factors and a secondary one that addresses connectivity in case of reduced residual energy, a segmentation function can calculate the model's payoff...

Pulp and paper wastewater (P&P WW) often requires tertiary treatment to remove refractory compounds not eliminated by conventional biological treatment, ensuring compliance with high-quality effluent discharge or reuse standards. This study employs a life cycle assessment (LCA) methodology to compare alternative tertiary treatment technologies for P&P WW and rank them accordingly. The evaluated technologies in the scenarios include inorganic (S1) and organic (S2) coagulation-flocculation, ozonation (O3 ) (S3), O3 +granular activated carbon (GAC) (S4), and ultrafiltration (UF)+reverse osmosis (RO) (S5)...

The increasing demand for environmentally friendly agricultural practices has driven the need for diversified crop cultivation to optimize crop productivity while minimizing carbon footprints (CFs). However, the impacts of crop diversification on crop production and environmental benefits are still poorly understood. In this study, conducted at two sites in the Yellow River Delta, China, we investigated the effects of legume intercropping, specifically maize/soybean (M/S) and maize/peanut (M/P) systems, on crop productivity, economic return, ecosystem economic budget (NEEB), CF, and carbon sustainability index (CSI) in comparison to conventional monocrops...

BACKGROUND: Billing codes are utilized for medical reimbursement, clinical quality metric valuation and for epidemiologic purposes to report and follow disease trends and outcomes. The current paradigm of manual coding can be expensive, time-consuming, and subject to human error. Though automation of the billing codes has been widely reported in the literature via rule-based and supervised approaches, existing strategies lack generalizability and robustness towards large and constantly changing ICD hierarchical structure...

Marginal Abatement Cost Curves compare and assess greenhouse gas mitigation options available to various sectors of the economy. In the Irish agricultural sector, large anaerobic digestion facilities are currently considered a high-cost abatement solution. In prior studies of anaerobic digestion abatement costs, two options were assessed: the generation of heat and electricity from biogas (115 €/tCO2eq ) and the production of renewable heat from biomethane (280 €/tCO2eq ). Both scenarios encompass single cost values that may not capture the potentially variable nature of such systems...

India seeks to deploy millions of solar water pumps to farmers who often lack access to electricity or face an unreliable power supply. Improving the use of this technology can bolster sustainable agriculture and expand clean energy services. We investigate farm-level impacts and opportunities with primary survey data ( n = 292 farmers) and a large real-time pump operational data set ( n = 1106 pumps). By modeling the potential solar generation of off-grid solar water pumps, we estimate 300-400 kWh/month of unutilized solar energy per pumping system, representing up to 95% of potential generation...

The low reactivity and volume expansion issue of steel slag limits its application as alternative to cement. Studies demonstrated that aqueous carbonation (AC) can enhance the cementitious properties of finely sized steel slag as a cementitious supplementary material (SCM). However, the impact of particle size on the CO2 uptake capacity and its association of performance of carbonated steel slag remains unexplored. This study aims to optimize the grinding levels by examining the fineness of the steel slag used as SCM to reduce the high-energy consumption while maintaining the CO2 sequestration and properties of SCM...

The United States is the largest broiler producer in the world, and Americans consume about 45 kg of chicken per capita per year, which generates substantial economic and environmental footprints. We conduct techno-economic analysis and life cycle assessment (TEA/LCA) to evaluate the sustainability performance of the U.S. broiler industry and quantify the cost, greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, energy, water, land, fertilizer, and respiratory impacts of 7 broiler production scenarios for a contract Grower, Integrator, and Combined control volume...

Objective: To estimate the fiscal consequences of schizophrenia compared to the general US population using a "government perspective" fiscal analytic modeling framework capturing lost tax revenue and broader government costs in 2021. Methods: Schizophrenia was modeled from age 23 using a cohort-based Markov chain with 6-week cycles, simulating the effect of antipsychotic treatment sequences on remission and relapse. Markov states were defined using efficacy and safety outcomes from short- and long-term clinical trials...

Life cycle assessment was used to evaluate the environmental impacts of phytoplanktonic biofuels as possible sustainable alternatives to fossil fuels. Three scenarios were examined for converting planktonic biomass into higher-value commodities and energy streams using the alga Scenedesmus sp. and the cyanobacterium Arthrospira sp. as the species of interest. The first scenario (Sc-1) involved the production of biodiesel and glycerol from the planktonic biomass. In the second scenario (Sc-2), biodiesel and glycerol were generated from the planktonic biomass, and biogas was produced from the residual biomass...

Biological invasions have ecological impacts worldwide with potential massive economic costs. Among other ecosystem services such as nitrogen cycle, carbon sequestration and primary production, invasive alien species are particularly known to impact pollination. By predating honey bees (Apis mellifera), the invasive Yellow-legged hornet (Vespa velutina nigrithorax) increases the mortality risk of European bee colonies; however, little is known about its economic costs. We developed an analytic process combining large-scale field data, niche modelling techniques and agent-based models to spatially assess the ecological and economic impacts of the Yellow-legged hornet on honey bees and beekeeping in France...

In the production and inventory management of perishables, environmental considerations are gaining prominence. By reducing carbon emissions from various supply chain processes, such as production, transportation, warehousing, and waste disposal of perishable items, the present study aims to minimize the overall cost to the manufacturer through an optimized investment in green technology. Additionally, cycle time and preservation technology investment are optimized to decrease deterioration and revenue loss in order to minimize cost...

Food waste (FW) treatment has attracted increasing attention since waste classification occurred in China. Analyzing the environmental and economic impacts of different FW treatment technologies is required. In this study, four FW treatments, i.e., anaerobic digestion, black soldier fly (BSF) bioconversion, composting, and landfill, were evaluated using life cycle assessment (LCA) and life cycle cost (LCC). LCA results show that anaerobic digestion outperforms the other technologies, while LCC results indicate anaerobic digestion has the lowest economic benefits ($5...

Currently, the management of polyethylene terephthalate (PET) trays waste is still challenging since this packaging affects the consolidate recycling of PET bottles. It is important to separate PET trays from the PET bottle waste stream to avoid its contamination during recycling process and to recover a higher amount of PET. Hence, the present study aims to evaluate the environmental (by means of Life Cycle Assessment, LCA) and economic sustainability of sorting PET trays from the plastic waste streams selected by a Material Recovery Facility (MRF)...

This dataset covers 2476-2479 Polish municipalities and cities (dependent on the year) over a period from 2004 when Poland joined the EU to the pre-COVID-19-pandemic 2019. The created 113 yearly panel variables include budgetary, electoral competitiveness, and European Union funded investment drive data. While the dataset has been created out of publicly available sources, their use requires advanced knowledge of budgetary data and their classification, as well as data gathering, merging, and clearing, which required many hours of work over a year...

The production period for salmon farming in the Black Sea comprises the winter period and is limited to seven months, due to high water temperatures during the summer time. As an alternative strategy, temporary cage submersion during the summer season might be a solution for salmon grow-out throughout the year. Therefore, this study was conducted for comparative evaluation of economic performance of submerged and surface cages, by analyzing structural costs and returns for Turkish salmon farming in the Black Sea...

In the l950s, under the legacy of traditional agriculture, Ascaris lumbricoides, spread epidemically in the war-bitten society of Korea. Consensus on the parasite control was drafted in the Parasite Disease Prevention Act, which passed a parliamentary agreement in 1966, and established safe disposal of feces and mass chemotherapy as control strategies. Biannual stool examinations and treating infected schoolchildren were basic scheme of the control activity through which revenue could be secured for organized business...

Doing more with less has been a business mantra for decades. Healthcare leaders have implemented flex scheduling and job sharing, streamlined workflows, committed to process improvement techniques such as Lean, hired retirees, gained efficiencies from remote work ... and the list goes on. Each tactic has yielded productivity improvements, yet the need to do more with less continues. Postpandemic challenges include staff recruitment and retention, labor inflation, and dwindling margins, all of which must be addressed while maintaining corporate cultures...

A comprehensive framework is proposed for Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) in the field of commercial aviation (passengers and cargo), capable to ensure transparency and comparability when evaluating the overall environmental performances of four emerging aviation systems, i.e., biofuels, electrofuels, electric, and hydrogen. The projected global revenue passenger kilometer (RPK) and is suggested as the functional unit for two timeframes representing near-term (2035) and long-term (2045), and for two segments, namely domestic and international...

While the reduced carbon footprint of conventional constructed wetlands (CW) for wastewater treatment has been described in the literature, far less information is available on the economic performance of floating filters and their application for the treatment of other pressing environmental problems such as freshwater eutrophication. This investigation describes the technical characteristics and the environmental life cycle assessment (E-LCA) and a life cycle cost (LCC) analysis of a Typha domingensis floating constructed wetland (FCW) designed and constructed to rehabilitate eutrophicated waterways and which also produces biomass for animal feed...