Cadiovascular

The β-blocker carvedilol prevents ultraviolet (UV)-induced skin cancer, but systemic drug administration may cause unwanted cadiovascular effects. To overcome this limitation, a topical delivery system based on transfersome (T-CAR) was characterized ex vivo and in vivo. T-CAR was visualized by Transmission Electron Microscopy as nanoparticles of spherical and unilamellar structure. T-CAR incorporated into carbopol gel and in suspension showed similar drug permeation and deposition profiles in Franz diffusion cells loaded with porcine ear skin...

Despite the proven efficacy and cost-effectiveness of contemporary cardiovascular rehabilitation programmes, the referral to/uptake of and adherence to cardiovascular rehabilitation remains inadequate. In addition, heterogeneity persists amongst different cardiovascular rehabilitation centres in Europe, despite the available scientific documents describing the evidence-based rehabilitation format/content. This position statement was elaborated by the Secondary Prevention and Rehabilitation (SP/CR) section of EAPC...

Dengzhan Xixin injection (DZXXI), a herbal product prepared from a Chinese herb called Erigeron breviscapus, is a classical and traditional therapeutic for cadiovascular diseases (CVDs), including coronary heart disease (CHD), angina, and stroke, etc. However, its potential pharmacology mechanism against CVDs remains unclear. In this paper, a systems pharmacology-based strategy is presented for predicting drug targets and understanding therapeutic mechanisms of DZXXI against CVDs. The main ingredients were identified by HPLC-diode array detector (DAD)...

Despite the proven efficacy and cost-effectiveness of contemporary cardiovascular rehabilitation programmes, the referral to/uptake of and adherence to cardiovascular rehabilitation remains inadequate. In addition, heterogeneity persists amongst different cardiovascular rehabilitation centres in Europe, despite the available scientific documents describing the evidence-based rehabilitation format/content. This position statement was elaborated by the Secondary Prevention and Rehabilitation (SP/CR) section of EAPC...

Obesity has become an epidemic concern in modern society. The chronic obesity is associated with metabolic disorders, such as hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, fatty liver, and cadiovascular disease, which cause high risk for mortality. The novel potential strategy to overcome obesity is to "burn out" the extra fat via "browning" of the white adipose tissues. The phytochemical resveratrol (Res) has attracted substantial attention due to its powerful amelioratory effects in metabolic diseases. However, how Res regulates the browning of adipose tissues remains largely elusive...

Both type 1 and type 2 diabetes are associated with increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) events. This risk seems to be reduced by achievement of euglycemia. However, after the withdrawal of rosiglitazone from the market, the question arose as to whether this risk concerns simply a matter of euglycemia or the distinct role played by each antidiabetic drug with respect to its effect on CVD risk. To address this issue, many studies have been published during the last decade involving old and new antidiabetic agents, which however yielded contradictory results...

BACKGROUND: Worse renal function, even in the normal or mildly impaired range, is associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). Whether this association exists in both sexes across all ages is not known. METHODS: A population based cohort of individuals >22 years with no prior CVD and with an eGFR 60-130 ml/min/1.73 m2 . eGFR was calculated using the CKD-EPI formula. Incident CVD was defined as either myocardial infarction, unstable angina pectoris, coronary revascularization, or cerebrovascular event...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of obesity on myocardial mechanics and ventriculo-arterial coupling (V-A) in children. METHODS: Strain parameters, stroke volume, arterial elastance, left ventricular (LV) elastance and V-A were compared after adjusting for age and hypertension and after multivariate sub-group analysis between patients with and without obesity. RESULTS: Among 123 retrospectively enrolled subjects, 6-21 years age, 79...

BACKGROUND: Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of death and morbidity throughout industrialized nations, accounting for one-fifth of all deaths globally. Exosomes are bi-lipid membranous vesicles containing protein, lipid and nucleic acid contents that are released from the cells via the endolysosomal pathway. Exosomes are derived from several cells including macrophages, dendritic cells, platelets as well as human serum. METHODS: In this review, an overview of recent advances, the evidence for the role of exosomes and exosomederived microRNAs (miRNAs) in atherosclerosis are provided...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Several chronic transmissible (e.g. AIDS) and non transmissible diseases like cadiovascular disease, are associated with oxidative stress (EOX) and dyslipidemia. Has been reported that Spirulina can reduce them, this has been demonstrated in vitro and in animal models but scarcely in humans. Through a systematic review on last 5 years (keywords: Spirulina AND cholesterol, Spirulina AND oxidative stress) 8 intervention studies with humans were reported, finding that oral (1-10 g/d) subchronic (0.5-6 month) administration of Spirulina appears to have and hypolipidemic and antioxidant effect...

OBJECTIVE: To study predominant risk factors for survival in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (JIM). METHODS: The clinical data of 163 cases of IIM were reviewed, who received the diagnosis and treatments in West China Hospital from January 1997 to December 2010. Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used for the survival analysis of these patients with IIM. Univariate and multivariate analysis of risk factors for survival in the patients with IIM were carried out by Log-rank test, univariate Cox regression analysis and Cox regression model respectively...

BACKGROUND: Some countries fortify flour with folic acid to prevent neural tube defects but others do not, partly because of concerns about possible cancer risks. We aimed to assess any effects on site-specific cancer rates in the randomised trials of folic acid supplementation, at doses higher than those from fortification. METHODS: In these meta-analyses, we sought all trials completed before 2011 that compared folic acid versus placebo, had scheduled treatment duration at least 1 year, included at least 500 participants, and recorded data on cancer incidence...

OBJECTIVES: Cardiac patients have been shown to have inaccurate understanding of their cardiovascular risk. The purpose of the study was to investigate whether a guideline-based risk assessment and management intervention could facilitate understanding of cadiovascular risk and appropriate illness perceptions in cardiac patients. DESIGN: Randomized trial. METHODS: A total of 106 patients with MI or unstable angina were randomized to receive standard care with or without a 30-min nurse-led computerized Predict CVD-Diabetes (where CVD is cardiovascular disease) session...

AIMS: In patients with ischaemic heart failure (HF), myocardial dysfunction often progresses. Elevated levels of soluble ST2 (sST2) are associated with a poor prognosis, but an association between sST2 and worsening heart failure per se has not been established. We assessed the association between sST2 and cause-specific outcome in 1449 patients enrolled in the Controlled Rosuvastatin Multinational Trial in Heart Failure (CORONA study). METHODS AND RESULTS: Soluble ST2 was measured with a highly sensitive immunoassay in 1449 patients ≥60 years of age with left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) ≤40% due to ischaemic heart disease...

Th present study was designed to examine 409 practically healthy men at the age of 50 to 79 years differing in terms of daily locomotor activities. They were divided into 4 groups each comprising subjects whose age differed within 10 years. Group 1 included former high-class athletes continuing physical exercises. Group 2 consisted of former high-class athletes practicing sedentary lifestyle. Group 3 contained subjects regularly doing health-improving physical exercises and group 4 those who had never been engaged in sports activities...

FGF23 is a bone-derived hormone that plays an important role in the regulation of phosphate and 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D metabolism. FGF23 principally acts in the kidney to induce urinary phosphate excretion and suppress 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D synthesis in the presence of FGF receptor 1 (FGFR1) and its coreceptor Klotho. In patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), circulating FGF23 levels are progressively increased to compensate for persistent phosphate retention, but this results in reduced renal production of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and leads to hypersecretion of parathyroid hormone...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prevalence and possible risk factors of senile degenerated heart valvular disease (SDHVD) among military elderly in Beijing. METHODS: 820 individuals, aged 60 or above,are randomly selected from 8202 individuals, in 21 military retirement centers in Beijing. Each individual answers a questionnaire and receives Doppler echocardiographic examination for an observation of the cardiac structure, function and valve condition. A logistic regression analysis is also made to identify possible risk factors and their powers on the prevalence of SDHVD...

This article will review for bedside clinicians how to manage septic ALI.ARDS and shock to use the principles of EBM to evaluate the various therapeutic approaches for them. Low tidal volume ventilation (6 mg/dl/kg) is recommended for ALI.ARDS, but application of a minimum amount of PEEP, recruitment maneuvers with high PEEP and prone position are needed to confirm any benefit. NO inahalation, ECMO/ECCR, and glucocorticoid therapies don' t recommended for ALI.ARDS. Sivelestat Na, is available for ALI.ARDS in Japan, is needed further prospective randomized studies...