Echosonography

INTRODUCTION: AIM: to determine differences in regulation of blood pressure and renal function in patients with moderate intake of alcohol (1-14 units per week). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Cross-section study performed at the Department of Nephrology. Seventy-six patients admitted for diagnosis and treatment of hypertension were included. Patients with diabetes mellitus, renal failure and other coorbidities were excluded from the study. Medical history, data on alcohol consumption, laboratory analysis, Doppler echosonography of intrarenal blood vessels and 24-hour blood pressure monitoring were performed...

INTRODUCTION: Penile fracture presents with rupture of corpora cavernosa. It is not rare but is remarkable. Treatment options are controversial. AIM: To establish the incidence, what are early and late complications in patients treated surgically or with conservative treatment options (prospective/retrospective and randomized analysis). To find out what therapy verified as superior. MATERIAL AND METHOD: The total of 32 patients with typical acute penile fracture were analyzed...

Laryngeal echosonography was made in 50 healthy subjects and 186 patients with laryngeal cancer to evaluate efficacy of ultrasound in diagnosis of laryngeal cancer. The study revealed sonographic characteristics typical for laryngeal cancer, endophytic tumors, in particular. Ultrasound can assess involvement of the laryngeal cartilages and severity of their lesion, invasion of the tumor into the underlying tissues and cervical organs. The tumor can be verified by puncture aspiration biopsy using ultrasound monitor...

Color duplex scanning is important method in diagnostics of carotid stenosis disease (CSD). This method is accurate in estimation of stenosis degree and plaque quality characteristics as potential source of embolus. It enable the approach to extracranial as mostly affected segments of carotid arteries, frequent follow up of asymptomatic clinical course of the disease and inspection in local chemodynamic flow parameters. Beside numerous advantages, in cases of severe degree stenosis of echolucent or heterogeneous calcificant plaques, estimation of stenosis degree is inaccurate and than the use maximal flow velocities for stenosis degree estimation is better...

Spleen abscess is not frequent in children. It may be caused by haematogenous seeding of the spleen with bacteria from primary septic focus; by direct spread of infection from adjacent structures, or by secondary infection in an area of the spleen damaged by infarction, trauma or parasitic infestation. A 13-year-old girl with spleen abscess following appendectomy is presented. Uneventful appendectomy was followed by prolonged unexplained sepsis that could not be controlled with high intravenous doses of different antibiotics...

OBJECTIVE: To address the role of serum gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) as a marker of metastases in patients with renal cell carcinoma. METHODS: Serum alkaline phosphatase and GGT were determined in 156 patients with localized renal cell carcinoma and 60 patients with metastases as proven by echosonography, computerized tomography and bone scan. The control group consisted of 50 healthy subjects matched for sex and age. Sensitivity and specificity of both enzymes as markers of metastatic disease were compared...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Chronic pancreatitis is defined as an amount of chronic inflammatory lesions that lead to the destruction of pancreatic tissue and fibrosis development, whereas the later stages of the illness are characterized by the destruction of the endocrine portion of the organ. Although the results of different studies are abundant, chronic pancreatitis still remains enigmatic, both in its diagnostic and therapeutic aspect. To test the correlation between the findings of echosonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) examination in chronic pancreatitis patients...

Leiomyoma is the most common tumor viewed by echosonography of the uterus. This report presents pregnancy with calcified leiomyoma of the uterus which simulated the head of the fetus, what was verified by echosonography. Woman, nullipara, 41 years old, in week 21 of pregnancy, was referred for echosonographic evaluation. Biochemical screening for Down syndrome, performed in week 17 of pregnancy, was positive. Fetal karyotype, obtained by amniocentesis, was normal (46 XX). In the case presented herein, diameter of leiomyoma was 48 mm, being equal to the diameter of the fetal head in 21st week of pregnancy...

AIM OF THE STUDY: To establish the presence of pericarditis and exudative pleuritis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) prior to and after glicocorticoid and cytotoxic therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In 43 patients, 39 women and 4 men, with SLE (disease was diagnosed according to revised American College of Rheumatology ACR criterias, 1997), aged between 20 and 61 and averaged disease duration of 5.54 +/- 5.74 years, heart/lung radiology and heart echosonography were performed in order to discover possible serositis (pericarditis and exudative pleuritis) prior to and after cytotoxic and glucocorticoid therapy...

BACKGROUND: The issue of whether or not liver function is compromised in the healthy elderly population remains unsolved. AIM: To investigate the putative age-related modifications of hepatic function using the 13C-methacetin breath test. Because endogenous CO2 production changes with age, motor activity and nutrition, a different form of processing the results was investigated. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Twenty-nine elderly subjects (mean age, 79...

We report here a persistent form of Coxiella burnetii infection. There have been no prospective surveys of chronic C. burnetii infection reported in Japan. Until recently, it was not possible to distinguish between previous and current infection with serological tests for antibody to C. burnetii. The nested PCR method, however, allows us to appreciate the current infection by detecting C. burnetii DNA with high sensitivity. Inoculation method using an A/J mouse was performed to confirm the viability of C. burnetii...

In the second half of the 20 century, echosonography has been used in many medical specialities. In 1992 and 1993 highfrequencies echosonography was used in the examination of irritant and allergic skin lesions in order to examine the effects of different therapeutical agents on the skin lesions [1-4]. Hoffmann used highfrequencies echosonography in the examination of healing of skin lesions [3]. By their incidence skin tumours are the largest group of newly discovered tumours, and their usual location is on the face [5-7]...

A group of 49 patients (41 males, 8 females) with locally confined non small cell lung carcinoma, of the average age 58.48 +/- 9.05 years, was retrospectively analyzed. Bronchoscopy, computed tomography of the thorax and transesophageal echosonography were performed in all the patients to evaluate preoperatively the locoregional dissemination of the disease as well as the tumor resectability. The aim was to establish whether the complementary use of computed tomography and transesophageal echosonography could decrease the number of explorative thoracotomies...

A group of 50 patients with locally disseminated non-small-cell lung cancer was analyzed. The diagnosis was confirmed upon the analysis of the samples obtained by bronchoscopy or percutaneous needle biopsy of the lungs. CT scan of the thorax, as well as transesophageal echosonography of the mediastinum and ultrasound of the abdomen were performed for the evaluation of the disease dissemination. The aim of the study was to establish the main characteristics of lung cancer in locally disseminated disease with particular reference to the analysis of the symptoms...

STUDY OBJECTIVE: Hepatic portal venous gas is a radiological symptom associated with a poor prognosis (75% to 90% mortality). The aim of this retrospective study was to report 7 cases observed over a 2-year period. PATIENTS AND METHOD: From June 1997 to November 1999, hepatic portal venous gas was diagnosed in 6 patients by CT scan and in one patient by echosonography. It was not detected in any case by plain abdominal X-rays. Three patients had small bowel obstruction with necrosis, three had extensive superior mesenteric infarction and one had preperforative necrosis of the colon...

INTRODUCTION: When we consider the importance of cardioembolism in the aetiology of cerebral ischaemia in young adults, echocardiography, both transthoracic and transesophageal, becomes of increasing diagnosis importance. We analyze its usefulness and contribution to the reduction in the number of cerebral ischemias of unknown origin. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We selected persons aged between 14 and 45 years who had had cerebral ischaemia during the period between January 1991 and April 1998...

The author in this paper shows possible diagnostic mistakes in the development of subacromial painful arc syndrome (cases with inadequate diagnostics). A hundred cases with acute shoulder's injury (without fractures and luxationes) who were admitted at the Clinic for bone surgery and Emergency Department of Clinical Centre, CUC Sarajevo in period between 1 January 1998-30 June 1998. Only clinical and X-ray examination in part were performed. A very interesting case with subacromial impingement as a consequence of such kind of treatment is presented in this paper...

A 23-year-old female was admitted to our hospital because of a mediastinal tumor. She complained of primary amenorrhea, and abdominal echosonography was therefore performed, revealing the absence of a uterus. Chromosome analysis revealed a 46 XY genotype, indicating the patient to be a male, not a female. Left renal venography demonstrated residual blood vessels originating in the Mullerian ducts. Thoracotomy and laparotomy were performed, and the mediastinal tumor and bilateral testes were resected. Postoperative pathology revealed that the mediastinal tumor was a neurinoma...

Twenty-four women (mean age 42.0 +/- 2.4 years) with leiomyoma underwent treatment with a gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) agonist (buserelin) for 6 months at a dose of 1200 micrograms daily intranasally for the first 2 months, followed by 900 micrograms daily for 4 months. The volume of the uterus and of individual leiomyomas were measured by echosonography before treatment, every 2 months during treatment, and every 2 months for 6 months after cessation of therapy (a total of 7 evaluations). A control group, comprising 14 women with untreated leiomyoma, underwent ultrasound scanning every 2 months for 6 months...

We report herein a case of clinically solitary abdominal tuberculoma. A 28-year-old woman was admitted to hospital for treatment of an abdominal tumor shown to be located in the head of the pancreas and compressing the superior mesenteric vein by echosonography and computed tomography (CT). There were no clinical signs or symptoms of tuberculosis in the lungs or abdomen. Thus, under the diagnosis of a neoplasm of the pancreas, an exploratory laparotomy was performed which revealed tuberculosis. The patient made an excellent recovery on anti-tuberculous treatment, and no evidence of a tumor was seen on a CT scan performed 6 months after the initiation of treatment...