keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507827/association-of-passive-immunity-and-genetic-composition-health-and-performance-of-tropical-dairy-calves
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M B Moreira, F C Ferreira, J P Campolina, S G Coelho
This retrospective cohort study aimed to identify risk factors for the failure of transfer of passive immunity (FPI) in preweaned dairy calves, explore its associations with morbidity, mortality, genetics, and determine a standardized cut-off point for FPI. Analyzing data from 6011 calves, factors such as sire predicted transmitted ability for milk (PTA), birth season, retained placenta (RP), total serum protein concentration (TSP), morbidity (neonatal calf diarrhea - NCD, bovine respiratory disease - BRD, tick-borne disease - TBD), mortality, and average daily weight gain (ADG) were considered...
March 15, 2024: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38495516/macrolide-resistance-in-mannheimia-haemolytica-isolates-associated-with-bovine-respiratory-disease-from-the-german-national-resistance-monitoring-program-ge-rm-vet-2009-to-2020
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Valeria Kostova, Dennis Hanke, Heike Kaspar, Stefan Fiedler, Stefan Schwarz, Henrike Krüger-Haker
Data collected from the German national resistance monitoring program GE RM -Vet showed slowly increasing prevalence of macrolide resistance among bovine respiratory disease (BRD)-associated Pasteurellacae from cattle over the last decade. The focus of this study was to analyze the genetic basis of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) and the prevalence of multidrug-resistance (MDR)-mediating integrative and conjugative elements (ICEs) in 13 German BRD-associated Mannheimia haemolytica isolates collected between 2009 and 2020 via whole-genome sequencing...
2024: Frontiers in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38494600/tumor-suppressive-role-of-the-epigenetic-master-regulator-brd3-in-colorectal-cancer
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Masahiro Hashimoto, Takaaki Masuda, Yusuke Nakano, Taro Tobo, Hideyuki Saito, Kensuke Koike, Junichi Takahashi, Tadashi Abe, Yuki Ando, Yuki Ozato, Kiyotaka Hosoda, Satoshi Higuchi, Yuichi Hisamatsu, Takeo Toshima, Yusuke Yonemura, Tsuyoshi Hata, Mamoru Uemura, Hidetoshi Eguchi, Yuichiro Doki, Masaki Mori, Koshi Mimori
Bromodomain and extraterminal domain (BET) family proteins are epigenetic master regulators of gene expression via recognition of acetylated histones and recruitment of transcription factors and co-activators to chromatin. Hence, BET family proteins have emerged as promising therapeutic targets in cancer. In this study, we examined the functional role of bromodomain containing 3 (BRD3), a BET family protein, in colorectal cancer (CRC). In vitro and vivo analyses using BRD3-knockdown or BRD3-overexpressing CRC cells showed that BRD3 suppressed tumor growth and cell cycle G1/S transition and induced p21 expression...
March 17, 2024: Cancer Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473320/anticancer-effects-of-brd4-inhibitor-in-epithelial-ovarian-cancer
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yeorae Kim, Wook-Ha Park, Dong-Hoon Suh, Kidong Kim, Jae-Hong No, Yong-Beom Kim
Efforts have been made to develop bromodomain inhibitors as cancer treatments. Sub-pathways, particularly in ovarian cancer, affected by bromodomain-containing protein (BRD) remain unclear. This study verified the antitumor effects of a new drug that can overcome OPT-0139-chemoresistance to treat ovarian cancer. A mouse xenograft model of human ovarian cancer cells, SKOV3 and OVCAR3, was used in this study. Cell viability and proliferation were assessed using MTT and ATP assays. Cell cycle arrest and apoptosis were determined using flow cytometry...
February 27, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473133/investigation-of-the-optimal-immunization-dose-and-protective-efficacy-of-an-attenuated-and-marker-m-bovis-bovine-herpesvirus-type-1-combined-vaccine-in-rabbits
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sen Zhang, Guoxing Liu, Wenying Wu, Li Yang, Ihsanullah Shirani, Aizhen Guo, Yingyu Chen
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is one of the most common diseases in the cattle industry; it is a globally prevalent multifactorial infection primarily caused by viral and bacterial coinfections. In China, Mycoplasma bovis ( M. bovis ) and bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BoHV-1) are the most notable pathogens associated with BRD. Our previous study attempted to combine the two vaccines and conducted a preliminary investigation of their optimal antigenic ratios. Based on this premise, the research extended its investigation by administering varying vaccine doses in a rabbit model to identify the most effective immunization dosage...
February 28, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38464703/investigation-into-the-safety-and-serological-responses-elicited-by-delivery-of-live-intranasal-vaccines-for-bovine-herpes-virus-type-1-bovine-respiratory-syncytial-virus-and-parainfluenza-type-3-in-pre-weaned-calves
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Flynn, Catherine McAloon, Katie Sugrue, Ricki Fitzgerald, Cara Sheridan, Bosco Cowley, Conor McAloon, Emer Kennedy
Despite the fact that pneumonia remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in pre-weaned calves, relatively little is known regarding the effects of the concurrent administration of intranasal pneumonia virus vaccines, particularly in calves with high levels of maternally derived antibodies. The objective of this study was to use a cohort of 40 dairy and dairy-beef female and male calves (27 females and 13 males) to determine serological responses to concurrent administration at 3 weeks of age (22 ± 4...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430558/supplemental-trace-minerals-as-complexed-or-inorganic-sources-for-beef-cattle-during-the-receiving-period
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robin A Cheek, Elizabeth B Kegley, Jason R Russell, Jana L Reynolds, Kirsten A Midkiff, Doug Galloway, Jeremy G Powell
To investigate effects of inorganic or complexed trace mineral source (zinc, copper, manganese, and cobalt) on receiving period performance and morbidity, crossbred beef heifer calves (n = 287) arriving on 3 delivery dates were used in a 42-day receiving trial. Heifers were processed after arrival, stratified by d -1 body weights (BW) and allocated randomly to 8 pens (11 to 13 heifers/pen, 24 pens total). Within truckload, pens were assigned randomly to dietary treatment (n = 12 pens/treatment). Heifers were housed on 0...
March 2, 2024: Journal of Animal Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38422620/intranasal-booster-vaccination-of-beef-steers-reduces-clinical-signs-following-experimental-coinfection-with-brsv-and-bhv-1-without-reducing-shedding-of-brd-associated-bacteria
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David A Martínez, Manuel F Chamorro, Thomas Passler, Laura Huber, Shollie Falkenberg, Paul H Walz, Merrilee Thoresen, Gage Raithel, Scott Silvis, Kiril M Dimitrov, Ricardo Stockler, Amelia R Woolums
OBJECTIVE: To determine the efficacy of primary or booster intranasal vaccination of beef steers on clinical protection and pathogen detection following simultaneous challenge with bovine respiratory syncytial virus and bovine herpes virus 1. METHODS: 30 beef steers were randomly allocated to 3 different treatment groups starting at 2 months of age. Group A (n = 10) was administered a single dose of a parenteral modified-live vaccine and was moved to a separate pasture...
March 4, 2024: American Journal of Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38401187/targeting-bromodomian-containing-protein-8-brd8-an-advanced-tool-to-interrogate-brd8
#9
REVIEW
Tingting Wu, Yali Chen, Qidong You, Zhengyu Jiang, Xuetao Chen
Epigenetic modifications play crucial roles in physiological processes, including cell differentiation, proliferation, and death. Bromodomain/Brd-containing proteins (BCPs) regulate abnormal gene expression in various diseases by recognizing the lysine-ε-N-acetylated residues (KAc) or by acting as transcriptional co-activators. Small molecule inhibitors targeting BCPs offer an attractive strategy for modulating aberrant gene expression. Besides the extensive research on the bromodomain and extra-terminal (BET) domain family proteins, the non-BET proteins have gained increasing attention...
February 20, 2024: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396598/strategies-for-bovine-respiratory-disease-brd-diagnosis-and-prognosis-a-comprehensive-overview
#10
REVIEW
Mohamed S Kamel, Josiah Levi Davidson, Mohit S Verma
Despite significant advances in vaccination strategies and antibiotic therapy, bovine respiratory disease (BRD) continues to be the leading disease affecting the global cattle industry. The etiology of BRD is complex, often involving multiple microbial agents, which lead to intricate interactions between the host immune system and pathogens during various beef production stages. These interactions present environmental, social, and geographical challenges. Accurate diagnosis is essential for effective disease management...
February 16, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395393/graduate-student-literature-review-social-and-feeding-behavior-of-group-housed-dairy-calves-in-automated-milk-feeding-systems
#11
REVIEW
Maria E Montes, Jacquelyn P Boerman
Automated milk feeders (AMF) allow farmers to raise calves in groups while generating individual records on milk consumption, drinking speed, and frequency of visits. Calves raised in groups benefit from social interaction, which facilitates learning and adapting to novelty. However, calves in large groups (>12 calves/feeder) experience a higher risk of disease transmission and competition than those housed individually or in smaller groups. Therefore, if group size, grouping strategy, and disease detection are not optimal, the health and performance of calves can be compromised...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Dairy Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38392852/the-role-of-mycoplasma-bovirhinis-in-the-development-of-singular-and-concomitant-respiratory-infections-in-dairy-calves-from-southern-brazil
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Paula Souza Frucchi, Alais Maria Dall Agnol, Eloiza Teles Caldart, Dalton Everton Bronkhorst, Alice Fernandes Alfieri, Amauri Alcindo Alfieri, Selwyn Arlington Headley
The role of Mycoplasma bovirhinis in the development of pulmonary disease in cattle is controversial and was never evaluated in cattle from Latin America. This study investigated the respiratory infection dynamics associated with M. bovirhinis in suckling calves from 15 dairy cattle herds in Southern Brazil. Nasal swabs were obtained from asymptomatic ( n = 102) and calves with clinical manifestations ( n = 103) of bovine respiratory disease (BRD) and used in molecular assays to identify the specific genes of viral and bacterial disease pathogens of BRD...
January 26, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38384959/screening-and-selection-of-essential-oils-for-an-intranasal-spray-against-bovine-respiratory-pathogens-based-on-antimicrobial-antiviral-immunomodulatory-and-antibiofilm-activities
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samat Amat, Gabriela Magossi, Agm Rakibuzzaman, Devin B Holman, Kaycie N Schmidt, Luke Kosel, Sheela Ramamoorthy
INTRODUCTION: The rise in antibiotic resistant pathogens associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD) poses a serious challenge, particularly to the beef feedlot industry, as they currently depend on antibiotics to prevent BRD to mitigate the financial burden (approx. $1 billion annual loss) inflicted by BRD-associated high mortality and morbidity in feedlot cattle. Thus, there is an impetus need for the development of antimicrobial alternative strategies against BRD. This study aimed to screen and select candidate essential oils (EOs) for the development of an intranasal EO spray that can inhibit BRD pathogens and promote microbiota-mediated respiratory health...
2024: Frontiers in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38383216/histone-lysine-acetyltransferase-inhibitors-an-emerging-class-of-drugs-for-cancer-therapy
#14
REVIEW
Jeffrey White, Frederick A Derheimer, Kristen Jensen-Pergakes, Shawn O'Connell, Shikhar Sharma, Noah Spiegel, Thomas A Paul
Lysine acetyltransferases (KATs) are a family of epigenetic enzymes involved in the regulation of gene expression; they represent a promising class of emerging drug targets. The frequent molecular dysregulation of these enzymes, as well as their mechanistic links to biological functions that are crucial to cancer, have led to exploration around the development of small-molecule inhibitors against KATs. Despite early challenges, recent advances have led to the development of potent and selective enzymatic and bromodomain (BRD) KAT inhibitors...
February 20, 2024: Trends in Pharmacological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377813/use-of-fidget-and-drinking-behaviour-in-combination-with-facial-infrared-thermography-for-diagnosis-of-bovine-respiratory-disease-in-a-spontaneous-model
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
H J Perez Marquez, A L Schaefer, C J Bench
Bovine respiratory disease (BRD) is a highly prevalent multi pathogen infectious disease (70-80%) in newly received feedlot cattle, causing significant economic losses and reduced animal welfare. Current BRD diagnosis involves stressful and invasive methods that can increase the incidence and transmission of BRD. An alternative is the use of an automated infrared thermography (IR) platform that can monitor facial temperature and behaviour traits to diagnose BRD in a non-invasive manner. The objective of this study was to investigate the use of fidget and drinking behaviours in conjunction with facial temperature as method of BRD diagnosis in beef calves...
January 30, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38338106/isolation-and-genomic-characterization-of-a-chinese-genotype-c-bovine-parainfluenza-virus-type-3-from-cattle-and-its-pathogenicity-in-c57bl-6-mice
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing Chen, Yangyang Qiu, Pan Xiong, Zhijie Wang, Nengzhang Li, Chao Ye, Yuanyi Peng
Bovine parainfluenza virus type 3 (BPIV-3), also known as bovine respirovirus 3, is a common respiratory pathogen associated with bovine respiratory disease (BRD). BPIV-3 has currently circulated worldwide; however, data on the prevalence and genetic characteristics of BPIV-3 are still scarce and limited. In this study, the BPIV-3 strain SC was identified and isolated from cattle presenting with clinical signs of BRD in China. Animal experiments indicated that BPIV-3 SC can successfully infect C57BL/6 mice and induce weight loss, lung inflammatory cell infiltration, and inflammatory cytokine expression in mice...
January 31, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38335832/effects-of-vaccination-timing-and-target-pathogens-on-performances-and-antimicrobial-use-in-long-transported-charolais-beef-cattle-from-france-to-italy-a-retrospective-study
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Matteo Santinello, Massimo De Marchi, Federico Scali, Valentina Lorenzi, Claudia Romeo, Giovanni Loris Alborali, Francesca Fusi, Mauro Penasa
Antimicrobial use (AMU) in the livestock sector is a major driver of antimicrobial resistance. Italian beef industry strongly relies on the import of young cattle from France, which are commingled in sorting facilities before transportation to Italy. Both commingling and transportation are stressors for animals and lead to higher risk of bovine respiratory disease (BRD), which in turn increases the risk of AMU. This study aimed to investigate how the timing of first BRD vaccination and the different vaccination target pathogens affect AMU and performance of young Charolais beef cattle imported from France to Italy...
January 25, 2024: Preventive Veterinary Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38320962/serum-vitamin-d3-25-oh-vit-d3-concentrations-and-hemogram-changes-in-calves-with-enzootic-pneumonia
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Seviye Ertunç, Zafer Mecitoğlu, Sevim Kasap, Sezgin Şentürk
BACKGROUND: Enzootic pneumonia is an important disease complex associated with insufficient colostrum intake after birth, adverse environmental conditions, and stress. Vitamin D deficiency may be an important predisposing factor for this disease. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate in calves with enzootic pneumonia. METHODS: A total of 30 calves, aged 3-5 months, under the same care and feeding conditions were used. Groups were formed according to Clinical Respiratory Scoring as the group with mild/moderate enzootic pneumonia (n = 10), the group with severe enzootic pneumonia (n = 10), and the healthy control group (n = 10) without any disease...
February 6, 2024: Veterinary Clinical Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38320346/impacts-of-trace-mineral-source-and-ancillary-drench-on-steer-performance-during-a-60-day-backgrounding-phase
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J F Cordero, K M Harvey, M E Drewery, M G McKnight, B B Karisch, L S Durst, E A Colombo, R F Cooke, J R Russell
Nutritional approaches to optimize cattle health and performance during the receiving period are warranted. This experiment evaluated the impacts of supplementing organic complexed Cu, Co, Mn, and Zn on productive and health responses of high-risk beef cattle during a 60-day backgrounding phase. Crossbred steers (120) were purchased at auction and transported to the experimental facility, where BW was recorded (day-1; initial shrunk BW = 227.7 ± 1.3 kg). On day 0, steers were ranked by BW and allocated to one of eight groups and housed in drylot pens equipped with GrowSafe automated feeding systems (Model 8000; two bunks/pen)...
January 18, 2024: Animal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38284532/the-development-and-application-of-biophysical-assays-for-evaluating-ternary-complex-formation-induced-by-proteolysis-targeting-chimeras-protacs
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei Jiang, Holly Soutter
E3 ligases and proteins targeted for degradation can be induced to form complexes by heterobifunctional molecules in a multi-step process. The kinetics and thermodynamics of the interactions involved contribute to efficiency of ubiquitination and resulting degradation of the protein. Biophysical techniques such as surface plasmon resonance (SPR), biolayer interferometry (BLI), and isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC) provide valuable information that can be used in the optimization of those interactions. Using two model systems, a biophysical assay tool kit for understanding the cooperativity of ternary complex formation and the impact of the 'hook effect' on binding kinetics was established...
January 12, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
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