Meaning

PURPOSE: The study evaluates the use of heart rate variability (HRV), a measure of autonomic nervous system (ANS) modulation via wearable smart bands, to objectively assess cancer-related fatigue (CRF) levels. It aims to enhance understanding of fatigue by distinguishing between LF/HF ratios and LF/HF disorder ratios through HRV and photoplethysmography (PPG), identifying them as potential biomarkers. METHODS: Seventy-one lung cancer patients and 75 non-cancer controls wore smart bands for one week...

PURPOSE: It is unclear whether the Geriatric-8 (G8) has the accuracy to preselect patients for complete geriatric assessment, and has the ability to predict adverse outcomes in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). We therefore aimed to determine whether the G8, or other variables present in the medical record, are applicable in predicting 30-day adverse outcomes in older patients undergoing surgery for CRC. METHODS: We performed a retrospective cohort study involving patients ≥70 years who had surgery for CRC between 2018 and 2020 in a general hospital in the Netherlands...

OBJECTIVE/BACKGROUND: Most children treated for obstructive sleep disordered breathing (oSDB) are not systematically assessed by polysomnography (PSG) nor by structuredsymptom quantification before surgical treatment. The main objective of this study wasto investigate the effect of adeno-tonsillotomy (ATO) on symptom burden and PSGparameters. METHODS: Children aged 2-10 years with oSDB were selected for ATO based uponclinical findings according to current standards of care in Denmark...

BACKGROUND: Chemical plaque control with mouthwashes as an adjunct to mechanical plaque control with a toothbrush and dental floss has been considered an effective method for controlling gingivitis. The anti-inflammatory effects of chemical plaque control benefit the oral tissues by reducing inflammation and bleeding. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare the clinical efficacy of probiotic, Aloe vera, povidine-iodine, and chlorhexidine (CHX) mouthwashes in treating gingivitis patients by assessing changes in their clinical parameters...

BACKGROUND: Cranial autonomic symptoms (CASs) include lacrimation, conjunctival injection, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, facial flushing or sweating, ptosis, and myosis. These symptoms may be associated with trigeminal autonomic cephalalgias (TACs) and migraine. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the study was to assess whether CASs are also reported by patients with frequent episodic tension-type headache (eTTH). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional online survey of a large Polish population was conducted between August 2021 and June 2022...

Residents of long-term care facilities are particularly vulnerable to communicable diseases. Low-cost interventions to increase air exchange rates (AERs) may be useful in reducing the transmission of airborne communicable diseases between long-term care residents and staff. In this study, carbon dioxide gas was used as a tracer to evaluate the AER associated with the implementation of low-cost ventilation interventions. Under baseline conditions with the room's door closed, the mean AER was 0.67 ACH; while baseline conditions with the door open had a significantly higher mean AER of 3...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to demonstrate whether lasofoxifene improves vaginal signs/symptoms of genitourinary syndrome of menopause. METHODS: Two identical, phase 3 trials randomized postmenopausal women with moderate to severe vaginal symptoms to oral lasofoxifene 0.25 or 0.5 mg/d, or placebo, for 12 week. Changes from baseline to week 12 in most bothersome symptom, vaginal pH, and percentages of vaginal parabasal and superficial cells were evaluated...

BACKGROUND: The single-radius design is one of the major total knee arthroplasty (TKA) designs and widely used all over the world. The objective of this study was to compare in vivo kinematics between the anteroposterior (AP) single-radius design with mediolateral (ML) single-radius (Non Restricted Geometry; NRG) and ML dual-radius (Triathlon) during stair activities. METHODS: A total of 21 knees in 18 patients (NRG group: 10 knees in 7 patients, Triathlon group: 11 knees in 11 patients) with a clinically successful posterior stabilized TKA were examined...

BACKGROUND: Despite its rarity, cutaneous adipose tissue excess in the trochanteric region following massive weight loss is a surgical challenge. The aim of this work is to propose a surgical technique for lifting the outer thighs by describing its indications and its limitations. METHODS: 74 patients were recruited into the study between 2018 2021. Two groups were identified: patients with bodylift combined with lateral thigh lift (n=20) and patients with lower bodylift (n=54)...

We propose a framework for describing the dynamics associated with the adsorption of small molecules to liquid-vapor interfaces using an intermediate resolution between traditional continuum theories that are bereft of molecular detail and molecular dynamics simulations that are replete with them. In particular, we develop an effective single particle equation of motion capable of describing the physical processes that determine thermal and mass accommodation probabilities. The effective equation is parametrized with quantities that vary through space away from the liquid-vapor interface...

PURPOSE: The effect of chronic low dose-rate radiation exposure on cancers was investigated by analyzing the data of mice experiments conducted at the Institute for Environmental Sciences (IES). This analysis focuses on the differences between malignant lymphomas and solid cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The analysis is conducted based on the mathematical model introduced in our previous work. The model is expanded to analyze malignant lymphomas and solid cancers separately...

AIMS: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of Reiki in patients with cardiac disease. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was a single-blind, pre-post-test, randomized, placebo-controlled study. Patients from the cardiology outpatient clinic of a training and research hospital were randomized into three groups: Reiki (n = 22), sham (placebo) (n = 21), and control (no treatment) (n = 22). Data were collected using a personal information form, biochemical parameters, cortisol levels, Beck Anxiety Inventory, and electrocardiography analysis...

Because the term "diversity" has two related but different meanings, what authors mean when they use the term is inherently unclear. In its broad form, it refers to vast variety. In its narrow form, it refers to human demographic categories deemed deserving of special attention by social justice-oriented activists. In this article, I review Hommel's critique of Roberts et al. (2020), which, I suggest, essentially constitutes two claims: that Roberts et al.'s (2020) call for diversity in psychological science focuses exclusively on the latter narrow form of diversity and ignores the scientific importance of diversity in the broader sense, and ignoring diversity in the broader sense is scientifically unjustified...

In the spirit of America's Shakespeare, August Wilson (1997), I have written this article as a testimony to the conditions under which I, and too many others, engage in scholarly discourse. I hope to make clear from the beginning that although the ideas presented here are not entirely my own-as they have been inherited from the minority of scholars who dared and managed to bring the most necessary, unpalatable, and unsettling truths about our discipline to the broader scientific community-I do not write for anyone but myself and those scholars who have felt similarly marginalized, oppressed, and silenced...

This paper studies the effect of air pollution on voting outcomes. We use data from 60 federal and state elections in Germany from 2000 to 2018 and exploit plausibly exogenous fluctuations in ambient air pollution within counties across election dates. Higher air pollution on election day shifts votes away from incumbent parties and toward opposition parties. An increase in the concentration of particulate matter (PM10) by 10 [Formula: see text]g/m[Formula: see text]-around two within-county SDs-reduces the vote share of incumbent parties by two percentage points, which is equivalent to 4% of the mean vote share...

CONTEXT: Epidemiological studies involving patients with acromegaly have yielded conflicting results regarding cancer incidence and causes of mortality in relation to control of growth hormone (GH) excess. OBJECTIVE: The objective of this retrospective cohort study is to clarify these questions and identify goals for treatment and monitoring patients. METHODS: We studied 1845 subjects from the UK Acromegaly Register (1970-2016), obtaining cancer standardised incidence rates (SIR) and all causes standardised mortality rates (SMR) from UK Office for National Statistics, to determine the relationship between causes of mortality-age at diagnosis, duration of disease, post-treatment and mean GH levels...

Worldwide vitamin D insufficiency is remarkably prevalent in both children and adults, including pregnant women. The total amount of the vitamin is best measured by 25-hydroxy-vitamin D (25(OH)D), which is a measurement of total serum cholecalciferol 25(OH)D3 and ergocalciferol 25(OH)D2. There is a known correlation between maternal and umbilical cord blood (UCB) 25(OH)D; however, whether specific maternal demographics or comorbidities influence the correlation remains uncertain. This prospective observational study was designed to study if maternal 25(OH)D levels, maternal age and BMI, amount of supplementation, mode of delivery, diabetes, hypertension/preeclampsia, or sunlight exposure had an impact on the correlation...

INTRODUCTION: Burns are tissue traumas caused by energy transfer and occur with a variable inflammatory response. The consequences of burns represent a public health problem worldwide. Inhalation injury (II) is a severity factor when associated with burn, leading to a worse prognosis. Its treatment is complex and often involves invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV). The primary purpose of this study will be to assess the evidence regarding the frequency and mortality of II in burn patients...

Utilising Machine Learning (ML) models to predict dosimetric parameters in pencil beam scanning proton therapy presents a promising and practical approach. The study developed Artificial Neural Network (ANN) models to predict proton beam spot size and relative positional errors using 9000 proton spot data. The irradiation log files as input variables and corresponding scintillation detector measurements as the label values. The ANN models were developed to predict six variables: spot size in the x -axis, y -axis, major axis, minor axis, and relative positional errors in the x -axis and y -axis...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the complementary effects of a combination of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 and sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors added to metformin on hormonal and metabolic responses to meal ingestion. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Forty-five patients (age 58 ± 8 years; HbA1c 58 ± 6 mmol/mol; BMI 30.7 ± 3.2 kg/m2) with type 2 diabetes uncontrolled with metformin were evaluated at baseline and 3 and 28 days after 5 mg saxagliptin (SAXA), 10 mg dapagliflozin (DAPA), or 5 mg saxagliptin plus 10 mg dapagliflozin (SAXA+DAPA) using a mixed-meal tolerance test (MMTT) spiked with dual-tracer glucose to assess glucose metabolism, insulin secretion, and sensitivity...