Latino AND autism

Researchers who study autism-related interventions do a poor job reporting data related to the race and ethnicity of autistic individuals who participate in their studies, and of those who do report these data, the participants are overwhelmingly White. This is problematic for many reasons, as we know little about how interventions are meeting the needs of culturally and linguistically diverse populations, and we assume that interventions are effective for all when they have been developed and validated primarily with and for White children...

Latino children on the autism spectrum experience less access to autism services and more barriers to service-use than non-Latino White children. Yet, existing research leaves unanswered questions about how cultural, family, and service system-level processes contribute to autism service-use disparities. This study aimed to qualitatively explore how Latina and non-Latina mothers experience similar encounters with autism services. Twenty Latina and non-Latina mothers completed semi-structured interviews regarding their experiences accessing services...

Parents of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) face challenges in accessing diagnostic and treatment services; these challenges vary by race, ethnicity, and culture. This systematic review examines parental perceptions of ASD within Latinx and Black American communities. Findings indicate that interconnections with family and religious groups promoted positive coping and describe positive impacts of having a child with ASD. Relative to White families, community members reported reduced access to information and more inaccurate beliefs about ASD, higher levels of ASD-related stigma, and more negative experiences with healthcare providers, which serve to exacerbate healthcare disparities...

Recent statistics indicate children of Latino background are diagnosed with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) at a much later age than their non-Latino White counterparts. Once a diagnosis is made, it is critically important that families get access to evidence-based interventions, including applied behavior analysis (ABA) services. However, disadvantaging factors such as a lack of awareness of available services, poor health care access and health literacy, and language barriers may impact these families' ability to access and maintain ABA services...

BACKGROUND: Relationship of perceived stigma and barrier to service access among Latino populations with autism in cross-cultural settings has not been fully explored. AIM: The present study explored the relationship between difficulty accessing services and perceived stigma among caregivers of autistic children in Latin America. Additionally, explore contextual factors that better explain the perception of stigma when accessing services. METHODS AND PROCEDURE: Approximately 2500 caregivers from six Latin American countries completed an online survey...

Siblings describe positive and negative aspects of autism and often assume lifelong support roles. Less is known about cultural influences on sibling relationships. This qualitative study characterizes processes linking siblings' autism conceptualizations, sibling relationships, and self-concept using a multicultural framework. Siblings (12 Latino/a/x, 9 non-Latino/a/x white) participated. Data were stratified by ethnicity and analyzed using applied thematic analysis. Latino/a/x and non-Latino/a/x siblings described processes linking autism, relationships, and self-concept differently...

BACKGROUND: In Latino(a) communities, promotores de salud (i.e., community health workers; promotores) are becoming critical participants in prevention, health promotion, and the delivery of health care. Although involving culturally diverse participants in research is a national priority, recruitment and retention of research participants from these groups is challenging. Therefore, there is an increased need to identify strategies for successful recruitment of participants from underrepresented minority backgrounds...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Stigma and knowledge about disabilities differ across groups, impacting care. No validated measures of perceived community disability stigma exist for families in multicultural communities, at risk for disparities. AIMS: Develop and validate a brief bilingual (i.e., English/Spanish) perceived disability stigma measure, compare perceived disability and autism stigma, and examine perceived disability stigma by parent sociodemographic characteristics and disability familiarity...

OBJECTIVE: Understanding families' experiences from their initial developmental concerns through the first several months after autism spectrum disorder (ASD) diagnosis might help explain persistent disparities in age of diagnosis for low-income Latino children and those whose parents speak a primary language other than English. We explored these experiences among Latino parents of children recently diagnosed with ASD to develop a richer understanding of this critical juncture. METHOD: We conducted semistructured interviews with Latino parents of children diagnosed with ASD in the previous 3 months who were receiving follow-up care through a large, hospital-based outpatient practice...

In this study, researchers implemented a brief training plus coaching program in naturalistic developmental behavioral intervention with three participant triads. Each triad consisted of an early intervention provider, an English-speaking Latinx parent, and that parent's young child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) or early signs of ASD who had limited vocal speech. The effects a single training session, plus two researcher coaching sessions were evaluated using a nonconcurrent multiple probes across participants design...

Little is known about differences in the allocation of special education services to students with autism compared with students with other primary learning differences (e.g., intellectual disability [ID], specific learning disability [SLD]) and the comparative impact of sociodemographic factors on special education service receipt. The present study aimed to compare allocation of services (i.e., quantity and types) between students eligible for special education services under autism, SLD and ID, and to identify differences in sociodemographic predictors (e...

Importance: Atypical eye gaze is an early-emerging symptom of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and holds promise for autism screening. Current eye-tracking methods are expensive and require special equipment and calibration. There is a need for scalable, feasible methods for measuring eye gaze. Objective: Using computational methods based on computer vision analysis, we evaluated whether an app deployed on an iPhone or iPad that displayed strategically designed brief movies could elicit and quantify differences in eye-gaze patterns of toddlers with ASD vs typical development...

Family-professional partnership is an essential component of the special education process for children with intellectual and/or developmental disabilities (IDD), including autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Latinx families face systemic barriers when participating in educational decision-making for their children with IDD. Few studies have examined the effectiveness of advocacy trainings among Latinx families of children with IDD, including ASD. The purpose of this pilot study was to examine the effectiveness and feasibility of the Familias Incluidas en Recibiendo Mejor Educación Especial (FIRME), an advocacy program for Latinx families of children with IDD, with respect to increasing special education knowledge, advocacy, empowerment, and receipt of services; and decreasing stress...

BACKGROUND: Literature on autism spectrum disorder (ASD) suggests lower ASD prevalence and higher age of diagnosis among children of color, from lower socioeconomic backgrounds, and from families with lower educational levels. These disparities have been attributed to factors such as limited access to diagnostic and treatment services, less opportunity for upward mobility to locales with ample resources, and linguistic barriers. However, few studies describe prevalence and geographic differences of ASD diagnoses by English Language Learner (ELL) status...

Several Texas communities along the Mexican border, including the Lower Rio Grande Valley (LRGV), are home to low-income Hispanic populations, many of whom live in underserved communities known as colonias. These areas have high incidences of neurocognitive disorders, dementia, and Alzheimer's disease (AD); health care strategies that are culturally and linguistically appropriate for the area are needed. We aim to build capacity to reduce risk, facilitate treatment, and provide caregiver support for affected individuals...

Latino children experience delays in access to diagnosis and treatment of autism spectrum disorder. Primary care-based screening of all children for autism spectrum disorder and referring them for services may reduce racial/ethnic differences and improve care. REAL-START, a yearlong screening intervention, was effective in increasing screening for autism spectrum disorder and general developmental delays, increasing therapy referrals, and shortening time for developmental assessment in primary care clinics with Latino patients...

OBJECTIVE: The study aim was to assess behavioral adjustment in preschool children with and without craniofacial microsomia (CFM). DESIGN: Multisite cohort study of preschoolers with CFM ("cases") or without CFM ("controls"). PARTICIPANTS: Mothers (89%), fathers (9%), and other caregivers (2%) of 161 preschoolers. OUTCOME MEASURE: Child Behavior Check List (CBCL 1.5-5); linear regressions with standardized effect sizes (ES) adjusted for sociodemographic confounds...

INTRODUCTION: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) service-use disparities are well-documented among racial/ethnic minorities. Yet the nuanced impact that culture has on barriers to ASD service-use has not been sufficiently explored among these populations. This study explores the interrelatedness of culture and service-use barriers (i.e., parent ASD knowledge and adjustment) among culturally diverse mothers of children with ASD. METHODS: Twenty mothers from the Boston area participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews regarding their experiences with ASD...

To better understand disparities between Latino and White children with autism or other developmental disabilities (ASD/DD), we examined whether Latino ethnicity predicted the number of specialty care services received by children with severe functional limitations depending on medical providers' responses to parents' initial concerns about their child's development. Through linkage of the Pathways and NS-CSHCN datasets, we found ethnic disparities in the receipt of specialty services associated with providers' responsiveness to parent-reported concerns among children with ASD/DD...