Mohamad Nizam Nazarudin, Anwar P P Abdul Majeed, Ahmad Bisyri Husin Musawi Maliki, Mohamad Razali Abdullah, Garry Kuan, Rabiu Muazu Musa
The success and enjoyment of a football match depend heavily on referees and their ability to ensure fair play and uphold the rules of the game. However, there is limited research investigating the disciplinary measures and booking activities of referees in top European football leagues. In the current investigation, we explored the disciplinary measures and booking activities of top-European football league referees. The dataset of the referee activities concerning 15 indicators containing 602 matches from five consecutive seasons across the five top European leagues, namely, the English Premier League, Spanish Laliga, Italian Serie A, French Ligue1, and German Bundesliga were utilized for this study...
February 15, 2024: Heliyon