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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yan-Zi Gan, Peng Yang, Rui Liu, Yan-Hai Wang, Yu-Wei Hu, Yang Yang
BACKGROUND This retrospective study evaluated the effects of specific COVID-19 preventive measures, including the use of medical masks, nucleic acid testing, and patient isolation, on respiratory infections, disease severity, and seasonal patterns among children in Hohhot, located in northern China. Understanding these alterations is pivotal in developing effective strategies to handle pediatric respiratory infections within the context of continuous public health initiatives. MATERIAL AND METHODS At the First Hospital of Hohhot, throat swabs were collected from 605 children with community-acquired respiratory between January 2022 and March 2023 for pathogen infection spectrum detection using microarray testing...
March 7, 2024: Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yumna Asmaa, Spenta Kakalia, Muhammad Irtza, Rahat Malik
Background Globally, pneumonia is one of the significant causes of death in children under the age of five years. Assessment of disease severity is essential for clinical decision-making. Clinicians in resource-limited settings use the WHO Integrated Management of Childhood Illness (IMNCI) guidelines to diagnose and treat pneumonia. Chest X-rays and blood biomarkers are frequently performed in children presenting with pneumonia, but their role in clinical decision-making is limited. Objective To evaluate the association of chest X-ray results, clinical parameters, and blood inflammatory biomarkers with the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children to decide which tests are helpful in accurately classifying the severity of pneumonia...
February 2024: Curēus
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eduardo Jorge Fonseca Lima, Luiza Campos Corrêa de Araújo, Karine Ferreira Agra, Ana Julia Xavier Mendoza, Julia Pierre de Brito Siebra, Carmina Silva Dos Santos
INTRODUCTION: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is one of the most common causes of childhood morbidity and mortality, causing about two million deaths per year worldwide. The complicated CAP (CCAP) results from the worsening of CAP. Their incidence has reduced in the last 30 years due to vaccination. However, the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic reduced vaccination coverage, resulting in increased incidence of CCAP in 2021 and 2022. OBJECTIVE: To analyze the clinical and epidemiological profile of CAP in children under five years of age in two periods: pre- (2018 to 2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020 to 2022)...
2024: Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maoyi Zuo, Hao Wang, Huaping Zhu
Mycoplasma pneumoniae infection is one of the most common causes of community-acquired pneumonia in children, usually experiencing a favorable prognosis.Cases of M. pneumoniae infection resulting in respiratory failure, severe pulmonary or extrapulmonary sequelae, and death are relatively rare.Currently, no cases related to a destroyed lung with Mycoplasma-associated infection have been reported.Therefore, we report a case of a destroyed lung in an 11-year-old girl with Mycoplasma-associated infection.
March 5, 2024: Pediatric Pulmonology
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiao Tian, Xinyu Wang, Qi Li, Linlin Zhang, Junhong Ai, Guoshuang Feng, Yueping Zeng, Ran Wang, Zhengde Xie
Adenovirus pneumonia is a prevalent form of community-acquired pneumonia among children. Research on the epidemiology and economic burden of this disease is crucial for public health, yet comprehensive data remains scarce, making it crucial to highlight on this topic. In this study, the data were extracted from the face sheet of discharge medical records collected from 26 tertiary children's hospitals from January 2016 to December 2021. In total, 1854 children with laboratory-confirmed adenovirus pneumonia were hospitalized, accounting for 0...
March 4, 2024: Archives of Microbiology
#26
Thuy-Ngan Nguyen-Thi, Khoa Nguyen-Dang, Hanh-Duyen Bui-Thi, Minh-Hong Pham-Thi
Necrotizing pneumonia (NP) is characterized by destruction of pulmonary tissue, resulting in multiple thin-walled cavities. There are limited reports on NP and parapneumonic effusion cases in children associated with Pseudomonas aeruginosa . Currently, there is no consensus regarding the optimal timing for video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) following failure of chest tube placement and antibiotic treatment. A healthy 20-month-old child was hospitalized with symptoms of community-acquired pneumonia, progressing to severe NP and parapneumonic effusion...
May 2024: Radiology Case Reports
#27
Zhen Huang, Tao Cheng, Guangwen Chen
Idiopathic pulmonary hemosiderosis (IPH) is a rare and fatal lung disease. Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia (MPP) is the main community-acquired pneumonia among children aged 5 and above in China. We report the following case of IPH complicated with severe mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia(SMPP). An 8-year-old boy with cough and fever was diagnosed with IPH for 3 years and his chest computed tomography showed bilateral bronchopneumonia, lobular consolidation and subpleural interstitial fibrosis. As far as we know, IPH related to SMPP is rarely reported...
2024: Respiratory Medicine Case Reports
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wei-Wei Ma, Ling-Chao Wang, De-An Zhao, Na Wei, Jun-Wei Cui, Shu-Jun Li
BACKGROUND: Tuberculosis (TB) is not only related to infection but also involves immune factors. This study explores the changes in T-lymphocyte subsets in children with TB who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative and examines their relationship using chest computed tomography (CT) scans. Additionally, the study identifies risk factors for severe TB (STB) in children and establishes relevant risk prediction models. METHODS: We recruited 235 participants between 2018 and 2022, comprising 176 paediatric patients with TB who were HIV-negative and 59 age-matched children with bacterial community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)...
February 20, 2024: Tuberculosis
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teresa Del Rosal, Patricia Bote-Gascón, Iker Falces-Romero, Talía Sainz, Fernando Baquero-Artigao, Paula Rodríguez-Molino, Ana Méndez-Echevarría, Blanca Bravo-Queipo-de-Llano, Luis A Alonso, Cristina Calvo
Antibiotics are frequently prescribed to children with pneumonia, although viruses are responsible for most cases. We aimed to evaluate the impact of multiplex polymerase chain reaction (mPCR) on antibiotic use. We conducted a prospective study of children under 14 years of age admitted for suspected viral pneumonia, from October 2019 to June 2022 (except March-November 2020). A mPCR respiratory panel (FilmArray® 2 plus , bioMérieux, Marcy-l'Étoile, France) was performed within 72 h of admission...
February 15, 2024: Children
#30
Hui-Ying Liu, Xiao-Fei Bi, Ya-Jun Wang, Feng-Jie Xie, Hong Zhang, Yu-Cheng Zhu, Yan Zhang, Zhi-Hui Wang, Di Wu, Huan Meng, Yi-Lu Lin, Lin-Qiong Liu, Shu-Xiao Qiu, Yan Gao, Kai Kang, Yang Gao
BACKGROUND: Initial choices of antimicrobial therapy for most cases of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in children under 5 years of age are typically based on local epidemiology, risk factors assessment, and subsequent clinical parameters and positive cultures, which can lead to the underdiagnosis and underestimation of lung infections caused by uncommon pathogens. Contezolid, an orally administered oxazolidinone antibiotic, gained approval from the National Medical Products Administration (NMPA) of China in June 2021 for managing complicated skin and soft tissue infections (cSSTI) caused by staphylococcus aureus (SA), streptococcus pyogenes, or streptococcus agalactis...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuan Duong Tran, Van Thuan Hoang, Thi Loi Dao, Pierre Marty, Philippe Gautret
Among 467 children under five hospitalized with community-acquired pneumonia, the prevalence of Haemophilus influenzae or Haemophilus haemolyticus was 60.8%, all cases were non-typable H. influenzae (NTHi) or H. haemolyticus. NTHi/H. haemolyticus PCR detection was associated with about twice the risk for severe disease. The results highlight the need for increased awareness and research efforts to investigate the role of NTHi/H. haemolyticus in severe CAP among children.
February 19, 2024: Journal of Epidemiology and Global Health
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gülsüm İclal Bayhan, Nadide Başak Gülleroğlu, Selin Çetin, Tuğba Erat, Selin Yıldız, Seval Özen, Hatice Kübra Konca, Aysun Yahşi, Bedia Dinç
OBJECTIVE: Adenovirus pneumonia is a common cause of community-acquired pneumonia in children and can mimic bacterial pneumonia, but there are few publications on its radiographic features. This study has evaluated the chest radiography findings of community-acquired adenovirus pneumonia in children. The frequency of radiological findings mimicking bacterial pneumonia was investigated. The clinical features of patients with adenovirus pneumonia possessing radiological findings mimicking bacterial pneumonia were also evaluated...
February 13, 2024: Clinical Imaging
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah C Goretzki, Mark van der Linden, Andreas Itzek, Tom Hühne, Roland O Adelmann, Firas Ala Eldin, Mohamed Albarouni, Jan-Claudius Becker, Martin A Berghäuser, Thomas Boesing, Michael Boeswald, Milian Brasche, Francisco Brevis Nuñez, Rokya Camara, Clara Deibert, Frank Dohle, Jörg Dolgner, Jan Dziobaka, Frank Eifinger, Natalie Elting, Matthias Endmann, Guido Engelmann, Holger Frenzke, Monika Gappa, Bahman Gharavi, Christine Goletz, Eva Hahn, Yvonne Heidenreich, Konrad Heimann, Kai O Hensel, Hans-Georg Hoffmann, Marc Hoppenz, Gerd Horneff, Helene Klassen, Cordula Koerner-Rettberg, Alfred Längler, Pascal Lenz, Klaus Lohmeier, Andreas Müller, Frank Niemann, Michael Paulussen, Falk Pentek, Ruy Perez, Markus Pingel, Philip Repges, Tobias Rothoeft, Jochen Rübo, Herbert Schade, Robert Schmitz, Peter Schonhoff, Jan N Schwade, Tobias Schwarz, Peter Seiffert, Georg Selzer, Uwe Spille, Carsten Thiel, Ansgar Thimm, Bartholomäus Urgatz, Alijda van den Heuvel, Tan van Hop, Verena Giesen, Stefan Wirth, Thomas Wollbrink, Daniel Wüller, Ursula Felderhoff-Müser, Christian Dohna-Schwake, Thiên-Trí Lâm, Heike Claus, Nora Bruns
PURPOSE: In late 2022, a surge of severe S. pyogenes infections was reported in several European countries. This study assessed hospitalizations and disease severity of community-acquired bacterial infections with S. pyogenes, S. pneumoniae, N. meningitidis, and H. influenzae among children in North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW), Germany, during the last quarter of 2022 compared to long-term incidences. METHODS: Hospital cases due to bacterial infections between October and December 2022 were collected in a multicenter study (MC) from 59/62 (95%) children's hospitals in NRW and combined with surveillance data (2016-2023) from the national reference laboratories for streptococci, N...
February 16, 2024: Infection
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qihong Chen, Lihua Lin, Ning Zhang, Yungang Yang
BACKGROUND: To investigate the pathogenic characteristics and risk factors of pediatric severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of hospitalized children with severe CAP from April 2014 to June 2019 in China. Data of age, sex and pathogenic results were collected: bacterial and fungal cultures, respiratory viruses from sputum or bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF), serum Mycoplasma pneumoniae (MP)-IgM and Chlamydia Pneumoniae -IgM, and BALF or blood (1-3)-β-D-glucan/galactomannan test...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Investigating the Efficacy of Zinc and Vitamin A in Treating Pediatric Community-Acquired Pneumonia.
Aqsa Atta, Ayesha Aftab, Ayesha Shafqat, Muhammad Hamza Yousuf, Akbar Ahmed, Hannah Pirzada, Humna Khalid, Natasha E Hastings
BACKGROUND: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) poses a significant global health challenge, even more so for children less than five years old. Nutritional interventions, such as zinc and vitamin A supplementation, are gaining attention for their therapeutic potential in enhancing recovery and minimizing pneumonia severity in pediatric patients. OBJECTIVE: To assess the therapeutic benefits of zinc and vitamin A supplementation in pediatric CAP patients under five years old and to advocate for their use in clinical settings...
January 2024: Curēus
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chaonan Fan, Yiyang Mao, Jun Liu, Hengmiao Gao, Boliang Fang, Rubo Li, Gang Liu, Yushan He, Suyun Qian
BACKGROUND: Changes in platelet parameters may vary according to the different pathogens. However, little is known about the differences in platelet parameters in children with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) children of viral and bacterial infections. METHODS: This was a single-center retrospective study that included 156 children with severe CAP. Dynamic changes in platelet parameters, including platelet count (PLT), mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW) and plateletcrit (PCT), were recorded at 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, and day 7 of admission, as well as at discharge...
January 29, 2024: Translational Pediatrics
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liu Xiaofei, L I Yudan, Chen Qinghui, Shen Jiaming, Zheng Benfeng, Zhang Youyi, Wang Biying, You Lijun, Zhang Jun, Tian Jianmei, Luan Lin, Shao Xuejun, Zhao Genming, Zhang Tao
BACKGROUND: In 2016, China licensed 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13) based on a study that demonstrated its immunogenicity is non-inferior to PCV7. However, the real-world effectiveness of PCV13 against vaccine-serotype pneumococcal diseases in China has limited evidence. METHODS: A test-negative case-control study was conducted among children under 5 years old admitted to the Children's Hospital of Soochow University (SCH) with respiratory tract infections from January 2018 to December 2020...
January 30, 2024: Vaccine
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Julia K W Yarahuan, Susannah Kisvarday, Eugene Kim, Adam P Yan, Mari M Nakamura, Sarah B Jones, Jonathan D Hron
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to develop and evaluate an algorithm to reduce the chart review burden of improvement efforts by automatically labeling antibiotic selection as either guideline-concordant or -discordant based on electronic health record data for patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). METHODS: We developed a 3-part algorithm using structured and unstructured data to assess adherence to an institutional CAP clinical practice guideline...
January 30, 2024: Hospital Pediatrics
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marijke Peetermans, Veerle Matheeussen, Cedric Moerman, Fréderic De Rydt, Sabine Thieren, Emily Pollet, Michael Casaer, Benjamin De Backer, Rudi De Paep, Yves Debaveye, Lars Desmet, Stefanie Desmet, Els I M Duval, Vincent Fraipont, Dieter Geysels, Greet Hermans, Frederik Lahaye, Xavier Mathy, Philippe Meersseman, Cécile Meex, Jozef Van Herck, Stefanie van Kleef-van Koeveringe, Nathalie Layios, Joost Wauters, Philippe G Jorens
BACKGROUND: Recent alerts have highlighted an increase in group A streptococcal (GAS) infections since 2022 in Europe and the United States. Streptococcus pyogenes can cause limited skin or mucosal disease, but can also present as severe invasive disease necessitating critical care. We performed a multicenter retrospective study of patients with GAS infections recently admitted to Belgian intensive care units (ICUs) since January 2022. We describe patient characteristics and investigate the molecular epidemiology of the S...
January 29, 2024: Annals of Intensive Care
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sana Mahtab, Dianna M Blau, Zachary J Madewell, Ikechukwu Ogbuanu, Julius Ojulong, Sandra Lako, Hailemariam Legesse, Joseph S Bangura, Quique Bassat, Inacio Mandomando, Elisio Xerinda, Fabiola Fernandes, Rosauro Varo, Samba O Sow, Karen L Kotloff, Milagritos D Tapia, Adama Mamby Keita, Diakaridia Sidibe, Dickens Onyango, Victor Akelo, Dickson Gethi, Jennifer R Verani, Gunturu Revathi, J Anthony G Scott, Nega Assefa, Lola Madrid, Hiwot Bizuayehu, Tseyon Tesfaye Tirfe, Shams El Arifeen, Emily S Gurley, Kazi Munisul Islam, Muntasir Alam, Mohammad Zahid Hossain, Ziyaad Dangor, Vicky L Baillie, Martin Hale, Portia Mutevedzi, Robert F Breiman, Cynthia G Whitney, Shabir A Madhi
BACKGROUND: The Child Health and Mortality Prevention Surveillance (CHAMPS) Network programme undertakes post-mortem minimally invasive tissue sampling (MITS), together with collection of ante-mortem clinical information, to investigate causes of childhood deaths across multiple countries. We aimed to evaluate the overall contribution of pneumonia in the causal pathway to death and the causative pathogens of fatal pneumonia in children aged 1-59 months enrolled in the CHAMPS Network. METHODS: In this observational study we analysed deaths occurring between Dec 16, 2016, and Dec 31, 2022, in the CHAMPS Network across six countries in sub-Saharan Africa (Ethiopia, Kenya, Mali, Mozambique, Sierra Leone, and South Africa) and one in South Asia (Bangladesh)...
January 25, 2024: Lancet Child & Adolescent Health
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