Okd

Comparative studies between Portuguese (T and HF) and Japanese (S10, T4, C14-5 and OKD-1) isolates of the pinewood nematode Bursaphelenchus xylophilus have been made in order to provide information to better understand the possible origin of the Portuguese isolates, recently introduced in the European Union. The main comparative aspects investigated were pathogenicity (seedling mortality ratio), sexual compatibility, and DNA sequences of the rDNA region. Four-year-old Japanese black pine (Pinus thunbergii) seedlings were used as host plants for pathogenicity tests...

BACKGROUND: Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is characterized by an aberrant structure of O-glycans in the IgA1 hinge region. Recently, under-galactosylated IgA1 has been found to be increased in Caucasian IgAN patients. Thus, we examined this in Japanese IgAN patients. METHODS: An enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of binding between Helix aspersa (HAA) and serum IgA was performed in Japanese IgAN patients and the HAA-IgA binding levels were compared among IgAN patients (n = 41), patients with other forms of kidney disease (OKD, n = 43) and healthy controls (n = 38)...

UNLABELLED: Sopite syndrome is a disturbance caused by motion characterized by drowsiness and mood changes that may occur without the classic symptoms of motion sickness. Because sopite symptoms are often subtle, it is important to assess for their presence, and to distinguish true sopite symptoms from changes in mood and drowsiness that are due to non-motion related factors such as fatigue and boredom. We compared sopite symptoms in the optokinetic drum (OKD) with symptoms in a control condition in which the drum's motion cues were removed...

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No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Phenylacetic acid (PA), a phytotoxic product of the bacteria accompanying the virulent nematode isolate OKD-3 was detected in the callus of Pinus thunbergii after inoculation with the nematode. The amount of PA detected was large enough to induced the formation and accumulation of benzoic acid (BA) and its conjugates in the callus. These results further support the hypotheses that PA is the pathogenic toxin and that the PA-producing bacterial strains accompanying the pathogenic nematode are the genuine pathogens of the pine wilt disease...

Phenylacetic acid (PA), a toxin produced by three strains of bacteria accompanying the pine wood nematode, Bursaphelenchus xylophilus, was found to be formed in a culture of the nematode. An animal nutrient, nutrient broth (NB) medium, was more suitable for PA production of the accompanying bacteria than a vegetable nutrient, potato sucrose malt extract (PSM) medium. It is presumed that dead nematodes in the PSM medium provided the bacteria with nutrient for PA production. In the culture of virulent isolate OKD-3, more PA was detected than in that of less-virulent isolate OKD-1...