pharyngeal tumor

Unresectable, isolated lymph node recurrence after radiotherapy is rare but a candidate for re-irradiation. However, severe toxicity is anticipated. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the efficacy and toxicity of re-irradiation in isolated lymph node recurrence of head and neck lesions. We analyzed 46 patients who received re-irradiation for lymph node recurrence without local progression. The primary tumor sites included the oral cavity in 17 patients, the hypopharynx in 12, the oropharynx in seven, the larynx in three, the nasopharynx in two, and other sites...

INTRODUCTION: Head and neck photoimmunotherapy (HN-PIT) uses a combination of drugs and laser illumination to specifically destroy tumor cells. Lemierre's syndrome is an infectious disease with severe systemic symptoms caused by prior infection in the pharyngeal region, leading to thrombophlebitis. Here, we report a case of Lemierre's syndrome that developed after HN-PIT for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma. CASE PRESENTATION: A 68-year-old male with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (squamous cell carcinoma) underwent HN-PIT after local recurrence with chemoradiation therapy...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Patients with local advanced hypopharyngeal combined with esophageal cancer often require total laryngectomy and cervical esophagectomy, which result in big-sized upper aerodigestive tract defects and neck deformities. Although free flap is widely used to reconstruct aerodigestive defects, the aesthetic results especially that of neck contour have not brought to the forefront or discussed extensively. This article aims to report the preliminary aesthetic results of free flap reconstruction for local advanced hypopharyngeal cancer combined with cervical esophageal cancer defects, highlighting the thickness of subcutaneous fat of the flap...

PURPOSE: Our purpose was to compare robust intensity modulated proton therapy (IMPT) plans, automatically generated with wish-list-based multicriterial optimization as implemented in Erasmus-iCycle, with manually created robust clinical IMPT plans for patients with head and neck cancer. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Thirty-three patients with head and neck cancer were retrospectively included. All patients were previously treated with a manually created IMPT plan with 7000 cGy dose prescription to the primary tumor (clinical target volume [CTV]7000) and 5425 cGy dose prescription to the bilateral elective volumes (CTV5425)...

Objectives: The ascending pharyngeal artery (APA) travels with the parapharyngeal internal carotid artery (pICA) in the parapharyngeal space (PPS). This study aimed to investigate the anatomical variations of the APA, and to explore their implications for endoscopic surgery in the PPS. Methods: Dissection of the APA in the PPS was performed on 10 cadaveric specimens (20 sides). The relationship between APA and PPS tumors was retrospectively reviewed in 20 patients, attempting to ascertain the APA during the resection of 10 pre-styloid and 10 retro-styloid PPS tumors...

Objective: This study explores the potential causal association between proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors and tumor development using Mendelian randomization (MR) based on drug targets. Methods: Instrumental variables within ±100 kb of the PCSK9 gene locus, impacting low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), were utilized for MR analysis. Coronary heart disease (CHD) served as a positive control to validate the causal relationship between PCSK9 inhibitors and various cancers...

Differentially methylated regions (DMRs) can be used as head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) diagnostic, prognostic and therapeutic targets in precision medicine workflows. DNA from 21 HNSCC and 10 healthy oral tissue samples was hybridized to a genome-wide tiling array to identify DMRs in a discovery cohort. Downstream analyses identified differences in promoter DNA methylation patterns in oral, laryngeal and oropharyngeal anatomical regions associated with tumor differentiation, nodal involvement and survival...

BACKGROUND: Transoral pharyngeal surgery is mainly feasible with the use of a microscope or robotic systems. Data about alternative methods, with lower costs and easier availability, are sparse. We intended to examine to what extent the endoscope-holding arm is a suitable alternative to the microscope or robotic systems. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed subjects who underwent pharyngeal tumor resection with the endoscope-holding arm in our university department...

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BACKGROUND: The utility of 18 F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (18 F-FDG PET/CT) in natural killer (NK)/T-cell lymphoma patients is yet to be established. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of PET/CT scanning in detecting NK/T-cell lymphoma. METHODS: We analyzed the PET/CT imaging characteristics of 38 patients with a primary diagnosis of NK/T-cell lymphoma and also compared the ability of PET/CT to detect tumor lesions with conventional methods (CMs) (physical examination, computed tomography (CT) with intravenous contrast, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), biopsies from primary sites, and bone marrow examinations)and their impact on staging and treatment options...

IMPORTANCE: Some individuals are predisposed to cancer based on their substance use history, and others may use substances to manage cancer-related symptoms. Yet the intersection of substance use disorder (SUD) and cancer is understudied. Because SUD may affect and be affected by cancer care, it is important to identify cancer populations with a high prevalence of SUD, with the goal of guiding attention and resources toward groups and settings where interventions may be needed. OBJECTIVE: To describe the cancer type-specific prevalence of SUD among adult cancer survivors...

BACKGROUND: Cancers of the head and neck (HN) are heterogeneous tumors with incidence rates varying globally. In Northern Europe oral and oropharyngeal cancers are the most common individual types. Survival for HN varies by individual tumor type but for most of them survival trends are not well known over extended periods of time. METHODS: Data for a retrospective survival study were obtained for Danish, Finnish, Norwegian, and Swedish patients from the NORDCAN database from 1971 to 2020...

Craniopharyngiomas emanate from squamous cell remnants in the hypophyseal/pharyngeal duct region. This report details the unprecedented case of a 29-year-old male with adamantinomatous craniopharyngioma, who, following a motor vehicle collision (MVC), presented with post-traumatic intratumoral hemorrhage leading to acute basal ganglia infarct. The patient, previously subjected to subtotal resection, exhibited focal neurological deficits attributed to compression of lenticulostriate arteries due to the sudden increase in tumor volume...

The incidence of oral cancer has recently been increasing worldwide, particularly among young individuals and women. The primary risk factors for head and neck cancers, including oral and pharyngeal cancers, are smoking, alcohol consumption, poor oral hygiene, and repeated exposure to mechanical stimuli. However, approximately one-third of the patients with oral and pharyngeal cancers are neither smokers nor drinkers, which points to the existence of other mechanisms. Recently, human microbes have been linked to various diseases, including cancer...

To identify the characteristics of feeding arteries in skull base meningioma including location and prevalence, we evaluated the distributions and types of feeding arteries in skull base meningioma by cerebral angiography and assessed relationships to tumor attachment. We enrolled patients with skull base meningioma who underwent MRI and cerebral digital subtraction angiography (DSA), from September 2015 to October 2022. Subjects comprised 115 patients (32 males, 83 females; mean age, 52.7) with 117 meningiomas, showing tumor attachments around the "cavernous sinus to the upper part of the clivus" (Area 1), "lower part of the clivus to foramen magnum" (Area 2), and "tentorium around the petrous bone" (Area 3)...

BACKGROUND: Questions exist regarding patient selection for surgery in anaplastic thyroid carcinoma (ATC), particularly with the advent of neoadjuvant-targeted therapeutics. The present scoping review sought to evaluate what extent of surgical resection should be performed in ATC. METHODS: A scoping review was carried out in accordance with Joanna Briggs Institute and the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR) protocols...

Objective: To investigate the diversity and clinical effect of supraclavicular island flap in repairing the defect after head and neck tumor surgery. Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed on 30 patients who received the repair of head and neck defects with supraclavicular island flaps at Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University from January 2017 to March 2023. The sites and types of defects, intraoperative blood loss, time of flaps preparation, areas of flaps, survival of the flaps and other complications were recorded...

Human glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (GCP2) from the M28B metalloprotease group is an important target for therapy in neurological disorders and an established tumor marker. However, its physiological functions remain unclear. To better understand general roles, we used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to genetically manipulate its three existing orthologous genes and evaluate the impact on worm physiology. The results of gene knockout studies showed that C. elegans GCP2 orthologs affect the pharyngeal physiology, reproduction, and structural integrity of the organism...

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00205.].

Drug resistance, evasion of cell death and metastasis are factors that contribute to the low cure rate and disease-free survival in osteosarcomas (OS). In this study, we demonstrated that a new class of oxime-containing organometallic complexes called Pd-BPO (O3) and Pd-BMO (O4) are more cytotoxic than cisplatin (CDDP) for SaOS-2 and U2OS cells using the MTT assay. Annexin-FITC/7-AAD staining demonstrated a greater potential for palladium-oxime complexes to induce death in SaOS-2 cells than CDDP, an event confirmed using the pan-caspase inhibitor Z-VAD-FMK...