tumor larynge

KEY CLINICAL MESSAGE: Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas are the most common non-squamous neoplasm of the larynx. Due to the rarity of the tumor, pathological diagnosis should be confirmed by immunohistochemistry. ABSTRACT: Laryngeal neuroendocrine carcinomas (LNECs) are a rare cancer of the head and neck. Few case reports of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma originating in the subglottic larynx exist within the literature. In this case, we discuss a 57-year-old patient with a history of four-month hoarseness with a newly diagnosed of poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma in the subglottic larynx...

BACKGROUND: Narrow-band imaging (NBI) endoscopy is used in various tumor detection and is important in detecting early tumors. OBJECTIVE: To explore the application value of NBI endoscopy in diagnosing pharyngeal tumors. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Ninety-one patients with pharyngeal masses who attended the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery in Gansu Provincial Hospital from January 2023 to February 2024 were selected, and NBI and white light (WL) endoscopy were applied to examine the pharynx and the relationship between the two was observed...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This paper aims to evaluate the evolution and current status of partial laryngeal surgery in the treatment of advanced laryngeal cancer (LC). Specifically, recent progress in the selection of both patients and tumors, together with surgical and rehabilitation innovations, have contributed to balancing oncological control with the maintenance of quality of life in naïve and radiorecurrent patients. The main aspect is represented by the recognized role of open partial horizontal laryngectomies (OPHLs) in this new era of laryngeal cancer treatment...

OBJECTIVES: To assess the value of carbon dioxide transoral laser microsurgery (CO2 TOLMS) for early-stage glottic cancer with special regard to involvement of the anterior commissure (AC). STUDY DESIGN: Single-center retrospective cohort study. SETTING: Grade-A tertiary hospital. METHODS: A retrospective analysis of patients with early-stage (Tis-T2) glottic cancer who underwent CO2 TOLMS. All patients had at least 2 years of follow-up...

Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) has the highest mortality rate among head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This study was designed to investigate the biological effect of long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) MSC antisense RNA 1 (MSC-AS1) on LSCC development and the underlying mechanism. The expression and prognostic value of lncRNAs in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma were predicted in the bioinformatics tools. The overexpression of MSC-AS1 in LSCC patients predicted a poor prognosis. Depletion of MSC-AS1 using shRNA repressed the malignant phenotype of AMC-HN-8 and TU-177 cells...

Transcriptional factor HOXB9, a part of the HOX gene family, plays a crucial role in the development of diverse cancer types. This study aimed to elucidate the regulatory mechanism of HOXB9 on the proliferation and invasion of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) cells to provide guidance for the development and prognosis of LSCC. The CRISPR/Cas9 method was employed in LSCC cell lines to knock out the HOXB9 gene and validate its effects on the proliferation, migration, invasion, and regulation of LSCC cells...

Surgeries and trauma result in traumatic and iatrogenic nerve damage that can result in a debilitating condition that approximately affects 189 million individuals worldwide. The risk of nerve injury during oncologic surgery is increased due to tumors displacing normal nerve location, blood turbidity, and past surgical procedures, which complicate even an experienced surgeon's ability to precisely locate vital nerves. Unfortunately, there is a glaring absence of contrast agents to assist surgeons in safeguarding vital nerves...

BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is an evolving and growing disease, especially in developing countries. However, the clinical characteristics of HPV-associated HNSCC in regard to HPV infection rates, patient features, and prognosis are under-reported in the Asian population. METHODS: In this study, we retrospectively enrolled a 400-case cohort of HNSCC with p16 immunochemistry and analyzed with long-term follow-up...

BACKGROUND: The dysregulated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling plays a critical role in ferroptosis resistance and tumorigenesis. However, the precise underlying mechanisms still need to be fully understood. METHODS: Endoplasmic reticulum oxidoreductase 1 alpha (ERO1α) expression in mTORC1-activated mouse embryonic fibroblasts, cancer cells, and laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) clinical samples was examined by quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR), western blotting, immunofluorescence (IF), and immunohistochemistry...

BACKGROUND: Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) is one of the most common malignant tumors of the head and neck. Vasculogenic mimicry (VM) is crucial for tumor growth and metastasis and refers to the formation of fluid channels by invasive tumor cells rather than endothelial cells. However, the regulatory mechanisms underlying VM during the malignant progression of LSCC remain largely unknown. METHODS: Gene expression and clinical data for LSCC were obtained from the TCGA and Gene GEO (GSE27020) databases...

The field cancerization theory is an important paradigm in head and neck carcinoma as its oncological repercussions affect treatment outcomes in diverse ways. The aim of this study is to assess the possible interconnection between peritumor mucosa and the process of tumor neoangiogenesis. Sixty patients with advanced laryngeal carcinoma were enrolled in this study. The majority of patients express a canonical HIF-upregulated proangiogenic signature with almost complete predominancy of HIF-1α overexpression and normal expression levels of the HIF-2α isoform...

PURPOSE: Head and neck cancer (HNC) patients often face difficulties with swallowing, which can be due to the cancer itself or the treatment modalities like radiation therapy. The presentation of HNC can vary between developing and developed countries due to socioeconomic factors. The current study aimed to profile the swallowing function of HNC patients before starting radiation therapy in a tertiary hospital in India. METHOD: This cross-sectional observational study examined patients with HNC who were scheduled for radiation therapy...

Curcumin is a kind of polyphenol substance extracted from the rhizome of Curcuma longa. Because of its good biological activity and pharmacological effects, it has been used in anti-tumor research. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer mechanism of curcumin on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC). Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to check the expression level of transcription factor E2F1 (E2F1) and filamin A (FLNA) mRNA. E2F1 and FLNA protein and proliferation-associated protein were detected through western blot...

The aim of this systematic review is to analyze epidemiology, clinical presentation, histopathological features, treatment and oncological outcomes in laryngeal mucoepidermoid cancer (MEC) in order to improve the knowledge on the management of such a rare malignant neoplasm. Specifically, authors highlight patients' and tumors' features about local, regional, and distant recurrence of disease. PRISMA 2020 guidelines were applied in this systematic literature review. A computerized search was performed using the Embase/Pubmed, Scopus, and Cochrane databases, for articles published from 1971 to December 2023...

BACKGROUND: The best surgical approach for resecting bilateral parafalcine meningioma, as well as the optimal anesthesia and airway management for craniotomy in patients with interstitial pneumonia (IP) for preventing postsurgical exacerbation, remains unclear. OBSERVATIONS: A 66-year-old female with a history of multiple relapses of IP underwent craniotomy for resection of a 4.5-cm bilateral parafalcine meningioma located just beneath the inferior sagittal sinus...

Human laryngeal squamous carcinoma (LSCC) is a common malignant tumor in the head and neck. Despite the recently developed therapies for the treatment of LSCC, patients' overall survival rate still did not enhance remarkably; this highlights the need to formulate alternative strategies to develop novel treatments. The antitumor effects of antidepressant drugs such as citalopram have been reported on several cancer cells; however, they have yet to be investigated against LSCC. The current study was directed to explore the possible antitumor effects of citalopram on human laryngeal carcinoma cell lines (HEP-2)...

BACKGROUND: The main cause of vocal cord palsy (VCP) is idiopathic impairment of the recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN). However, solid tumors along the pathway of the RLN can also impact the nerve's function. We presented a patient with a thyroid lesion and VCP due to a bulky metastatic mass (uterine cancer) on the aortic arch field in the mediastinum. The report aims to show the significance of comorbid tumors in thyroid pathology and the importance of additional diagnostic methods in avoiding unnecessary surgeries...

OBJECTIVES: Tumor depth of invasion is a known prognostic factor in several head and neck cancers, but data on early laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) are sparse. In this study, we aim to determine whether radiological tumor thickness serves as a prognostic factor in early SCC of the glottis treated with radiation. METHODS: One hundred thirty-two adult patients (age >18 years) underwent pretreatment computed tomography (CT) and were treated with radiation for pathologically proven early stage (T1 or T2) glottic SCC...

BACKGROUND: Although radiotherapy is commonly used to treat head and neck cancer, it may lead to radiation-associated dysphagia (RAD). There are various causes of RAD, however, the mechanism has not yet been fully identified. Currently, the only effective treatment for RAD is rehabilitation. Additionally, there are few available animal models of RAD, necessitating the development of new models to establish and evaluate RAD treatments. We hypothesize that radiation-induced neck muscle fibrosis could be one of the causes of RAD due to impairment of laryngeal elevation...

Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) is an angiogenic tumor. KS lesions frequently develop in the skin and oral cavity mucosa in the head and neck regions, and pure laryngeal localization is extremely rare. We reported a 64-year-old male patient without HIV, HBV, and HCV positivity presented with a hemangiomatous lesion detected incidentally in the right vocal cord. Biopsy was taken for histopathological and immunohistochemical evaluation. Examination revealed that spindle cells were of vascular origin and expressed HHV-8, a specific marker associated with Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus...