CA 125

Rapid and sensitive detection of carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is of great significance for cancer patients. Here, molybdenum (Mo) was doped into bismuth oxide (Bi2 O3 ) by one-pot hydrothermal method forming porous tremella Bi2 MoO6 nanocomposites with a larger specific surface area than the spherical structure. Then, a new kind of hydrangea-like TiO2 /Bi2 MoO6 porous nanoflowers (NFs) was prepared by doping titanium into Bi2 MoO6 , where titanium dioxide (TiO2 ) grew in situ on the surface of Bi2 MoO6 nanoparticles (NPs)...

(1) Background: Neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by interval debulking surgery is used in the treatment of advanced ovarian cancer. However, no tool can safely predict if complete cytoreduction after 3-4 cycles can be achieved. This study aims to investigate if the KELIM score can be a triage tool in the identification of patients that will be ideal candidates for interval debulking surgery (IDS). (2) Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the records of patients with high-grade serous advanced ovarian cancer that were treated in the 1st Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology, 2012-2022, with neoadjuvant chemotherapy followed by IDS...

BACKGROUND: Different split regimens of polyethylene glycol are routinely used and no guidelines are available to select an optimal protocol of ingestion. This study aims to compare the efficacy and side effect profile of two different regimens of polyethylene glycol bowel preparation solution: PEG (3 + 1) vs. PEG (2 + 2). METHODS: 240 patients above the age of 18 years were included in the study between June 1st and November 31st, 2023...

BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is rare and the prognosis is poor, therefore there is an urgent need to improve this situation. The objective of this study was to explore the effect of first-generation tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) in the patient of the double primary malignant tumors. CASE REPORT: We report a case of lung adenocarcinoma with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma treated by icotininb after five-year follow-up...

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer (OC) is the leading cause of death from gynecologic malignancies in the Western world. Contributing factors include a high frequency of late-stage diagnosis, the development of chemoresistance, and the evasion of host immune responses. Currently, debulking surgery and platinum-based chemotherapy are the treatment cornerstones, although recurrence is common. As the clinical efficacy of immune checkpoint blockade is low, new immunotherapeutic strategies are needed...

PURPOSE: Second malignancy is a rare but potentially lethal event after prostate brachytherapy, but data remain scarce on its long-term risk. The objective of this study is to estimate the number of pelvic second malignancies following brachytherapy compared to prostatectomy (RP). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective review of patients treated with low dose 125 I brachytherapy and prostatectomy in British Columbia from 1999 to 2010. Kaplan Meier (KM) estimates for pelvic (bladder and rectum), invasive pelvic, any second malignancy and death from any second malignancy were assessed...

BACKGROUND: Ovarian cancer is the most lethal of all gynecological cancers. Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125) is the best-performing ovarian cancer biomarker which however is still not effective as a screening test in the general population. Recent literature reports additional biomarkers with the potential to improve on CA125 for early detection when using longitudinal multimarker models. METHODS: Our data comprised 180 controls and 44 cases with serum samples sourced from the multimodal arm of UK Collaborative Trial of Ovarian Cancer Screening (UKCTOCS)...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to identify the presence of occult peritoneal metastasis (OPM) in patients with advanced gastric cancer (AGC) by using clinical characteristics and abdominopelvic computed tomography (CT) features. METHODS: This retrospective study included 66 patients with OPM and 111 patients without peritoneal metastasis (non-PM [NPM]) who underwent preoperative contrast-enhanced CT between January 2020 and December 2021. Occult PMs means PMs that are missed by CT but later diagnosed by laparoscopy or laparotomy...

Gastric gastrointestinal stromal tumour (GIST) is a rare disease with an annual incidence of 10 cases per million. Herein, we present the case of a 45-year-old man who visited our clinic with complaints of weight loss and anorexia, without changes in bowel habits or vomiting, for four months. On physical examination, all vital signs were normal. The abdomen was distended without tenderness and had a giant upper abdominal mass. Tumour marker investigation revealed high levels of cancer antigen 125 with normal levels of alpha-1-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, and carbohydrate antigen...

UNLABELLED: Megestrol is commonly used to address appetite loss, cachexia, and significant weight loss in cancer or acquired immune deficiency syndrome patients. This study aimed to assess the pharmacokinetics and determine the bioequivalence of two orally administered megestrol acetate suspensions (625 mg/5 mL) in healthy Korean male subjects. A randomized, open-label, single-dose crossover study was conducted involving fifty-four healthy male subjects who were randomized into two sequence groups...

OBJECTIVE: To determine the clinical value of ultrasound in assessing cervical lymph node metastasis (CLNM) in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC). METHODS: The medical records of 179 PTC patients treated in Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital between March 2016 and March 2019 were collected. The patients were assigned to a transfer group (54 cases) and a non-transfer group (125 cases) according to their pathologic results. The ultrasound parameters (peak intensity (PI), time to peak (TTP), and mean transit time (MTT)) of the two groups were compared...

PURPOSE: Low-dose-rate (LDR) brachytherapy in young men remains controversial amongst urologists due to their concerns regarding long-term biochemical control and treatment-related toxicities. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the treatment outcomes of men under 60 years of age who underwent LDR brachytherapy with iodine-125 (125 I) for clinically localized low- to intermediate-risk prostate cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS: All consecutive patients with clinically localized prostate cancer treated at our institution from 2003 to 2016 with 125 I monotherapy were included in the study...

BACKGROUND: The distinction between lung adenocarcinoma-associated malignant pleural effusion (MPE) and tuberculous pleural effusion (TPE) continues posing a challenge. This study sought to assess the supplementary value of tumor markers in enabling a differential diagnosis. METHODS: Data concerning tumor markers, which included carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), cancer antigen 125 (CA125), cancer antigen 153 (CA153), cancer antigen 724 (CA724), neuron-specific enolase (NSE), cytokeratin19 fragment (Cyfra21-1), and squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCCA), in both serum and pleural effusion samples, were retrospectively compiled from lung adenocarcinoma-associated MPE and TPE patients...

BACKGROUND: Around 20% of rectal tumors are locally advanced with invasion into adjacent structures at presentation. These may require surgical resections beyond boundaries of total mesorectal excision (bTME) for radicality. Robotic bTME is under investigation. This study reports perioperative and oncological outcomes of robotic bTME for locally advanced rectal cancers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A multicentre, retrospective analysis of prospectively collected robotic bTME resections (July 2015-November 2020)...

BACKGROUND: The extent of pelvic lymphadenectomy (PLND) as part of radical cystectomy (RC) for bladder cancer (BC) remains unclear. Sentinel-based and lymphangiographic approaches could lead to reduced morbidity without sacrificing oncologic safety. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the feasibility and diagnostic value of fluorescence-guided template sentinel region dissection (FTD) using a handheld near-infrared fluorescence (NIRF) camera in open radical cystectomy. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: After peritumoral cystoscopic injection of indocyanine green (ICG) 21 patients underwent open RC with FTD due to BC between June 2019 and June 2021...

Ovarian carcinoma is usually diagnosed at an advanced stage with peritoneal dissemination and/or lymph node metastasis, and the prognosis for such advanced carcinoma is very poor. Therefore, new biomarkers to predict patient prognosis are needed. Miyamoto et al. previously showed that keratan sulfate (KS) detected by the 5D4 monoclonal antibody was expressed in ovarian carcinoma. However, the detailed structure of such KS was not determined, and the biological significance of this finding remained to be clarified...

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Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) indicative of pork microbial spoilage can be quantified rapidly at trace levels using selected-ion flow-tube mass spectrometry (SIFT-MS). Packaging atmosphere is one of the factors influencing VOC production patterns during storage. On this basis, machine learning would help to process complex volatolomic data and predict pork microbial quality efficiently. This study focused on (1) investigating model generalizability based on different nested cross-validation settings, and (2) comparing the predictive power and feature importance of nine algorithms, including Artificial Neural Network (ANN), k-Nearest Neighbors, Support Vector Regression, Decision Tree, Partial Least Squares Regression, and four ensemble learning models...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between body composition parameters and breast cancer (BC) risk in premenopausal women. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: Prospective cohort study using data from the Kangbuk Samsung Cohort Study. Participants were women aged 20 to 54 years who were enrolled from 2011 to 2019 and followed up for BC development until December 31, 2020. Data were analyzed from June to August 2023. EXPOSURES: Trained nurses conducted anthropometric measurements and assessed body composition using segmental bioelectric impedance analysis...

CA125 (carbohydrate antigen 125) is an important biomarker of ovarian cancer, so developing effective method for its detection is of great significance. In the present work, a novel sandwich-like electrochemical immunosensor (STEM) of CA125 was constructed by preparing nanoribbon-like Ti3 C2 Tx MXenes (Ti3 C2 Tx NR) to immobilize primary antibody (PAb) of CA125 and UIO-66-NH2 MOFs structure to immobilize second antibody (SAb) and electroactive toluidine blue (Tb) probe. In this designed STEM assay, the as-prepared Ti3 C2 Tx NR nanohybrid offers the advantages in large surface area and conductivity as carrier, and UIO-66-NH2 provided an ideal platform to accommodate SAb and a large number of Tb molecules as signal amplifier...