keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536631/the-importance-of-biomarker-testing-in-the-treatment-of-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-a-podcast
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fred R Hirsch, Chul Kim
The identification of actionable biomarkers and development of targeted therapies have revolutionized the field of lung cancer treatment. In patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), biomarker testing can inform selection of effective targeted therapies as well as avoid therapies that are less likely to be effective in certain populations. A growing number of actionable targets, including those involving EGFR, ALK, ROS1, BRAF, MET, KRAS, NTRK, RET, HER2, and PD-L1, can be identified with biomarker testing...
March 27, 2024: Oncology and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534948/biomarker-turnaround-times-and-impact-on-treatment-decisions-in-patients-with-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-carcinoma-at-a-large-canadian-community-hospital-with-an-affiliated-regional-cancer-centre
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katelyn E Fleming, Ava Hupel, Hamid Mithoowani, Tea Lulic-Kuryllo, Mario Valdes
Background : Timely reporting of molecular biomarkers is critical in guiding optimal treatment decisions in patients with advanced non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC). Any delays along the tissue or treatment pathway may be associated with suboptimal treatment/outcomes and a reduced quality of life. For many centres, biomarkers are tested off-site. Methods: A retrospective chart review of 123 patients with advanced NSCLC seen between 1 June 2021 and 30 June 2022 was conducted. With a focus on core biomarkers (PD L1, EGFR, and ALK), the outcome variables were as follows: total turnaround time (total TAT), divided into pre-laboratory, laboratory, and post-laboratory time intervals, as well as time to treatment decision (TOTD) and time to optimal systemic therapy decision (TOTSD)...
March 14, 2024: Current Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532320/pungency-related-gene-network-in-allium-sativum-l-response-to-sulfur-treatments
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Ammarellou
Pungency of garlic (Allium sativum L.) is generated from breakdown of the alk(en)yl cysteine sulphoxide (CSO), alliin and its subsequent breakdown to allicin under the activity of alliinase (All). Based on recent evidence, two other important genes including Sulfite reductase (SiR) and Superoxide dismutase (SOD) are thought to be related to sulfur metabolism. These three gene functions are in sulfate assimilation pathway. However, whether it is involved in stress response in crops is largely unknown. In this research, the order and priority of simultaneous expression of three genes including All, SiR and SOD were measured on some garlic ecotypes of Iran, collected from Zanjan, Hamedan and Gilan, provinces under sulfur concentrations (0, 6, 12, 24 and 60 g/ per experimental unit: pot) using real-time quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) analysis...
March 26, 2024: BMC genomic data
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531551/treating-anaplastic-lymphoma-kinase-alk-fusion-driven-metastatic-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-nsclc-with-alectinib-through-pregnancy
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florence Wu, Rebekah Rittberg, Kenneth Lim, Cheryl Ho
Management of cancer during pregnancy requires careful consideration of risks and benefits from maternal and fetal perspectives. For advanced lung adenocarcinomas, with no targetable driver mutations, there is evidence-based guidance on the use of carboplatin-paclitaxel chemotherapy after first trimester. In contrast, for epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated or anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-rearranged metastatic lung adenocarcinomas, there is a paucity of clinical data on the safety of EGFR and ALK tyrosine kinase inhibitors to mother and fetus for official guidelines to recommend the use of these otherwise-first-line therapies in pregnancy...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Case Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529377/a-rare-huge-bladder-inflammatory-myofibroblastic-tumor-treated-by-en-bloc-resection-with-diode-laser-a-case-report-and-literature-review
#5
Huisheng Yuan, Zilong Wang, Jiaxing Sun, Junhao Chu, Shishuai Duan, Muwen Wang
BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT) is a rare neoplasm with malignant potential. Bladder IMT is even rarer and mainly treated by surgical resection However, partial or radical cystectomy would affect the quality of life of patients due to major surgical trauma, and classical TURBT is hard to avoid intraoperative complications including obturator nerve reflex and bleeding etc. Therefore, the safe and effective better choice of surgical approaches become critical to bladder IMT...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526831/reticular-myxoid-odontogenic-neoplasm-with-novel-strn-alk-fusion-report-of-2-cases-in-3-year-old-males
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Molly S Rosebush, Molly Housley Smith, Kitrina G Cordell, Nicholas Callahan, Waleed Zaid, Jeffrey Gagan, Justin A Bishop
Odontogenic tumors represent a collection of entities ranging from hamartomas to destructive benign and malignant neoplasms. Occasionally, pathologists encounter gnathic lesions which clearly exhibit an odontogenic origin but do not fit within the confines of established diagnoses. Here, we describe two such odontogenic tumors, both affecting 3-year-old males. Each case presented as a destructive, radiolucent mandibular lesion composed of mesenchymal cells, some with unique multi-lobed nuclei, frequently arranged in a reticular pattern and supported by a myxoid stroma with focal laminations...
March 25, 2024: Head and Neck Pathology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524078/anaplastic-large-cell-lymphoma-of-the-spine-report-of-a-rare-case
#7
Yasir Ali, Ume Hani Naeem, Hefz U Rahman, Sajid Khan, Shafqat Amin, Kamran Ahmad, Haleema Durrani
This abstract discusses a rare case of anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) involving the cervical and dorsal spine in a 17-year-old female. ALCL is a distinct subtype of lymphoma characterized by abnormal proliferation of lymphocytes and is divided into ALK-positive and ALK-negative subtypes. Spinal involvement in ALCL is uncommon, particularly in the cervical and dorsal regions. The patient presented with persistent fever, weakness, and delayed onset of severe neck pain. Diagnosis involved imaging, bone marrow biopsy, and lymph node biopsy...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523398/anaplastic-large-cell-lymphoma-with-alk-atic-fusion-mimicking-a-histiocytic-sarcoma-debuting-as-an-anterior-thoracic-soft-tissue-tumor-with-exceptional-clinicopathological-morphological-and-molecular-features
#8
José Antonio García-Muñiz, Natalia Vilches-Cisneros, Juan Pablo Flores-Gutiérrez, Oralia Barboza-Quintana
A 56-year-old woman debuted with a palpable painless mass in the anterior thorax wall at the level of the second and third right parasternal intercostal space, which progressively increased in size over 5 months accompanied by localized skin rash, mild dyspnea and chest pain when changing position. Imaging studies showed a soft tissue mass measuring 75 × 62 mm and a density of 34 Hounsfield Units that had caused the lysis of the costal arches and grew expansively towards the anterior mediastinum, without identifying mediastinal adenopathies only by this imaging method...
March 24, 2024: Thoracic Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522181/if-it-s-a-target-it-s-a-pan-cancer-target-tissue-is-not-the-issue
#9
REVIEW
Jacob J Adashek, Shumei Kato, Jason K Sicklick, Scott M Lippman, Razelle Kurzrock
Cancer is traditionally diagnosed and treated on the basis of its organ of origin (e.g., lung or colon cancer). However, organ-of-origin diagnostics does not reveal the underlying oncogenic drivers. Fortunately, molecular diagnostics have advanced at a breathtaking pace, and it is increasingly apparent that cancer is a disease of the genome. Hence, we now have multiple genomic biomarker-based, tissue-agnostic Food and Drug Administration approvals for both gene- and immune-targeted therapies (larotrectinib/entrectinib, for NTRK fusions; selpercatinib, RET fusions; dabrafenib plus trametinib, BRAFV600E mutations; pembrolizumab/dostarlimab, microsatellite instability; and pembrolizumab for high tumor mutational burden; pemigatinib is also approved for FGFR1-rearranged myeloid/lymphoid neoplasms)...
March 21, 2024: Cancer Treatment Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521003/concurrent-inhibition-of-alk-and-src-kinases-disrupts-the-alk-lung-tumor-cell-proteome
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alberto Diaz-Jimenez, Maria Ramos, Barbara Helm, Sara Chocarro, Dario Lucas Frey, Shubham Agrawal, Kalman Somogyi, Ursula Klingmüller, Junyan Lu, Rocio Sotillo
Precision oncology has revolutionized the treatment of ALK-positive lung cancer with targeted therapies. However, an unmet clinical need still to address is the treatment of refractory tumors that contain drug-induced resistant mutations in the driver oncogene or exhibit resistance through the activation of diverse mechanisms. In this study, we established mouse tumor-derived cell models representing the two most prevalent EML4-ALK variants in human lung adenocarcinomas and characterized their proteomic profiles to gain insights into the underlying resistance mechanisms...
March 19, 2024: Drug Resistance Updates: Reviews and Commentaries in Antimicrobial and Anticancer Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519377/the-new-who-category-of-molecularly-defined-renal-carcinomas-clinical-and-diagnostic-features-and-management-implications
#11
REVIEW
Jonathan Kanakaraj, Justin Chang, Lance J Hampton, Steven Christopher Smith
The evolution of classification of renal tumors has been impacted since the turn of the millennium by rapid progress in histopathology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular genetics. Together, these features have enabled firm recognition of specific, classic types of renal cell carcinomas, such as clear cell renal cell carcinoma, that in current practice trigger histologic-type specific management and treatment protocols. Now, the fifth Edition World Health Classification's new category of "Molecularly defined renal carcinomas" changes the paradigm, defining a total of seven entities based specifically on their fundamental molecular underpinnings...
March 21, 2024: Urologic Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513837/ige-to-cyclophilins-in-pollen-allergic-children-epidemiological-clinical-and-diagnostic-relevance-of-a-neglected-panallergen
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paolo Maria Matricardi, Ekaterina Potapova, Valentina Panetta, Jonas Lidholm, Lars Mattsson, Enrico Scala, Roberto Bernardini, Carlo Caffarelli, Antonella Casani, Rosa Cervone, Loredana Chini, Pasquale Comberiati, Giovanna De Castro, Michele Miraglia Del Giudice, Iride Dello Iacono, Andrea Di Rienzo Businco, Marcella Gallucci, Arianna Giannetti, Viviana Moschese, Elena Varin, Annamaria Bianchi, Mauro Calvani, Tullio Frediani, Francesco Macrì, Nunzia Maiello, Francesco Paravati, Umberto Pelosi, Diego Peroni, Giuseppe Pingitore, Mariangela Tosca, Anna Maria Zicari, Giampaolo Ricci, Riccardo Asero, Salvatore Tripodi
BACKGROUND: - Cyclophilins are ubiquitous panallergens whose epidemiological, diagnostic, and clinical relevance is largely unknown and whose sensitization is rarely examined in routine allergy practice. The aim of this study was to investigate the epidemiological, diagnostic, and clinical relevance of cyclophilin in seasonal allergic rhinitis and its comorbidities. METHODS: - We examined a random sample (25%, n 253) of 1263 Italian children affected by seasonal allergic rhinitis from the "Panallergen in Pediatrics" (PAN-PED) cohort...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513538/the-impact-of-pre-treatment-smoking-status-on-survival-after-chemoradiotherapy-for-locally-advanced-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Neil D Wallace, Marliese Alexander, Jing Xie, David Ball, Fiona Hegi-Johnson, Nikki Plumridge, Shankar Siva, Mark Shaw, Susan Harden, Tom John, Ben Solomon, Ann Officer, Michael MacManus
INTRODUCTION: Smoking is a risk factor for the development of lung cancer and reduces life expectancy within the general population. Retrospective studies suggest that non-smokers have better outcomes after treatment for lung cancer. We used a prospective database to investigate relationships between pre-treatment smoking status and survival for a cohort of patients with stage III non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) treated with curative-intent concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CRT). METHODS: All patients treated with CRT for stage III NSCLC at a major metropolitan cancer centre were prospectively registered to a database...
March 11, 2024: Lung Cancer: Journal of the International Association for the Study of Lung Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509647/genomic-testing-and-targeted-therapy-of-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-in-china-a-nationwide-survey-of-physicians-and-clinical-pathologists
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jie Wang, Jianming Ying, Zhijie Wang, Xiao Meng, Meiling Wu, Cui Qian
BACKGROUND: Genomic diagnostic testing is necessary to guide optimal treatment for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The proportion of NSCLC patients whose treatment was selected based on genomic testing is still unknown in many countries or needs further improvement. This survey aimed to assess perception of genomic testing and targeted therapy for NSCLC in clinical pathologists and physicians across China. METHODS: The web-based survey was conducted with 150 clinical pathologists and 450 physicians from oncology, respiratory and thoracic surgery departments from May to September 2020, across 135 cities in China...
March 15, 2024: Annals of Palliative Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509433/clinical-management-of-patients-with-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-brain-metastases-and-actionable-genomic-alterations-a-systematic-literature-review
#15
REVIEW
Mustafa Khasraw, Priyanka Yalamanchili, Anu Santhanagopal, Chuntao Wu, Maribel Salas, Jie Meng, Maha Karnoub, Stephen Esker, Enriqueta Felip
INTRODUCTION: Nearly 60% of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) present with metastatic disease, and approximately 20% have brain metastases (BrMs) at diagnosis. During the disease course, 25-50% of patients will develop BrMs. Despite available treatments, survival rates for patients with NSCLC and BrMs remain low, and their overall prognosis is poor. Even with newer agents for NSCLC, options for treating BrMs can be limited by their ineffective transport across the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the unique brain tumor microenvironment...
March 21, 2024: Advances in Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508140/stat3-couples-activated-tyrosine-kinase-signaling-to-the-oncogenic-core-transcriptional-regulatory-circuitry-of-anaplastic-large-cell-lymphoma
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicole Prutsch, Shuning He, Alla Berezovskaya, Adam D Durbin, Neekesh V Dharia, Kelsey A Maher, Jamie D Matthews, Lucy Hare, Suzanne D Turner, Kimberly Stegmaier, Lukas Kenner, Olaf Merkel, A Thomas Look, Brian J Abraham, Mark W Zimmerman
Anaplastic large cell lymphoma (ALCL) is an aggressive, CD30+ T cell lymphoma of children and adults. ALK fusion transcripts or mutations in the JAK-STAT pathway are observed in most ALCL tumors, but the mechanisms underlying tumorigenesis are not fully understood. Here, we show that dysregulated STAT3 in ALCL cooccupies enhancers with master transcription factors BATF3, IRF4, and IKZF1 to form a core regulatory circuit that establishes and maintains the malignant cell state in ALCL. Critical downstream targets of this network in ALCL cells include the protooncogene MYC, which requires active STAT3 to facilitate high levels of MYC transcription...
March 19, 2024: Cell reports medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507062/pharmacokinetics-mass-balance-and-metabolism-of-14-c-envonalkib-tq-b3139-a-novel-alk-tyrosine-kinase-inhibitor-in-healthy-chinese-subjects
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sheng Ma, Xin Wang, Shu Yan, Liyan Miao, Xiaojing Wan, Dawei Ding, Ding Yu, Xingxing Diao, Xunqiang Wang, Hua Zhang
PURPOSE: Envonalkib (TQ-B3139) is a novel, potent anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK) tyrosine kinase inhibitor used to treat ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer. This phase I mass balance study investigated the pharmacokinetics, metabolism, and excretion of 14 C-radiolabeled envonalkib in healthy Chinese male subjects. METHODS: A single oral dose of 600 mg (150 µCi) [14 C]envonalkib was administered to healthy male subjects under fasted state. Samples of blood, urine and feces were collected for quantitative determination of total radioactivity and unchanged envonalkib, and the metabolites identification...
March 20, 2024: Cancer Chemotherapy and Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504345/epigenetic-mlh1-silencing-concurs-with-mismatch-repair-deficiency-in-sporadic-naturally-occurring-colorectal-cancer-in-rhesus-macaques
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Simon Deycmar, Brendan J Johnson, Karina Ray, George W Schaaf, Declan Patrick Ryan, Cassandra Cullin, Brandy L Dozier, Betsy Ferguson, Benjamin N Bimber, John D Olson, David L Caudell, Christopher T Whitlow, Kiran Kumar Solingapuram Sai, Emily C Romero, Francois J Villinger, Armando G Burgos, Hannah C Ainsworth, Lance D Miller, Gregory A Hawkins, Jeff W Chou, Bruno Gomes, Michael Hettich, Maurizio Ceppi, Jehad Charo, J Mark Cline
BACKGROUND: Naturally occurring colorectal cancers (CRC) in rhesus macaques share many features with their human counterparts and are useful models for cancer immunotherapy; but mechanistic data are lacking regarding the comparative molecular pathogenesis of these cancers. METHODS: We conducted state-of-the-art imaging including CT and PET, clinical assessments, and pathological review of 24 rhesus macaques with naturally occurring CRC. Additionally, we molecularly characterized these tumors utilizing immunohistochemistry (IHC), microsatellite instability assays, DNAseq, transcriptomics, and developed a DNA methylation-specific qPCR assay for MLH1, CACNA1G, CDKN2A, CRABP1, and NEUROG1, human markers for CpG island methylator phenotype (CIMP)...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Translational Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502426/the-impact-of-prior-single-gene-testing-on-comprehensive-genomic-profiling-results-for-patients-with-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mary K Nesline, Vivek Subbiah, Rebecca A Previs, Kyle C Strickland, Heidi Ko, Paul DePietro, Michael D Biorn, Maureen Cooper, Nini Wu, Jeffrey Conroy, Sarabjot Pabla, Shengle Zhang, Zachary D Wallen, Pratheesh Sathyan, Kamal Saini, Marcia Eisenberg, Brian Caveney, Eric A Severson, Shakti Ramkissoon
INTRODUCTION: Tissue-based broad molecular profiling of guideline-recommended biomarkers is advised for the therapeutic management of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). However, practice variation can affect whether all indicated biomarkers are tested. We aimed to evaluate the impact of common single-gene testing (SGT) on subsequent comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) test outcomes and results in NSCLC. METHODS: Oncologists who ordered SGT for guideline-recommended biomarkers in NSCLC patients were prospectively contacted (May-December 2022) and offered CGP (DNA and RNA sequencing), either following receipt of negative SGT findings, or instead of SGT for each patient...
March 19, 2024: Oncology and Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38496685/her3-overexpression-a-predictive-marker-for-poor-prognosis-in-advanced-alk-positive-non-small-cell-lung-cancer-treated-with-alk-inhibitors
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Meejeong Kim, Hyun-Min Ju, Ji-Young Song, Josephina Sampson, Richard Bayliss, Jene Choi
BACKGROUND: Anaplastic lymphoma kinase (ALK)-targeted tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) improve patient survival; however, some patients develop ALK-TKI resistance with unidentified mechanisms. We investigated ErbB family and c-MET expression in patients with ALK-positive non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) to understand their roles in the ALK-TKI response. METHODS: We studied 72 patients with advanced ALK-positive NSCLC with EML4-ALK fusion variant subtyping and immunostaining for c-MET, EGFR, HER2, and HER3 on tissue specimens both pre- (primary) and post-treatment (secondary) with ALK-TKI...
February 29, 2024: Translational Lung Cancer Research
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