Aspergillus parasiticus

Aspergillus is one of the largest and diverse genera of fungi with huge economical, biotechnological, and social significance. Taxonomically, Aspergillus is divided into six subgenera comprising 27 sections. In this study, 235 strains of Aspergillus subgenus Circumdati (section: Candidi , Circumdati , Flavi , Flavipedes , Nigri, and Terrei ) preserved at the Korean Agricultural Culture Collection (KACC) were analyzed and re-identified using a combined dataset of partial β-tubulin ( BenA ), Calmodulin ( CaM ) gene sequences and morphological data...

(1) Background: Aspergillus flavus is a cosmopolitan mold with medical, veterinary, and agronomic concerns. Its morphological similarity to other cryptic species of the Flavi section requires molecular identification techniques that are not routinely performed. For clinical isolates of Aspergillus section Flavi , we present the molecular identification, susceptibility to six antifungal agents, and clinical context of source patients. (2) Methods: One hundred forty fungal clinical isolates were included in the study...

Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus ochraceus are important pathogenic fungi that pose a serious threat because of their ability to produce mycotoxins, including ochratoxin A (OTA) and aflatoxins (AFs). The main method of reducing these pathogens is the use of chemical fungicides, though recently there has been a focus on finding biological control agents. The obtained results from this study indicate the great potential of two wild yeast strains, Aureobasidium pullulans PP3 and Saitozyma podzolicus D10, in the biological control of A...

The medical plant research has received more attention among researchers especially after the Covid-19 pandemic. This research performed to evaluate the antifungal, anti-lung cancer (A549), and anti-hyperglycemic activities of aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata flower. Interestingly, A. paniculata flower aqueous extract contains pharmaceutically valuable phytochemicals such as alkaloid, phenolics, terpenoids, tannins, flavonoids, and protein. It also showed fine antifungal activity against test fungal pathogens in the following order as: Aspergillus niger > Fusarium solani > Trichoderma harzianum > A...

In recent years, countries in Southeast Europe are facing climate changes characterized by extreme hot weather, which contribute to the increased frequency of Aspergillus species. Because of these changes, Aspergillus parasiticus was isolated, for the first time, from maize grain in Serbia (Nikolic et al, 2018). The presence of black powdery mycelia on maize ears indicated occurrence of species of the genus Aspergillus section Nigri, which led to the need for detailed identification of these fungi. Disease incidence ranged from 10 and 15% in August 2013...

A straightforward and high yielding synthetic approach is employed to synthesize the novel 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazoline hybrids 7(a-t) as new antimicrobial agents with two pharmacophore in the effective two step synthesis. The first step is the four component one-pot synthesis of highly functionalized pyrazolo[5,1-b]quinazolines 5(a-j) catalysed by TBAB, with the advantages of an environmentally benign reaction, high yielding, quick reaction time, and operational simplicity. In the subsequent stage, CuSO4 /NaAsc system was employed to synthesize the 1H-1,2,3-triazole tethered pyrazolo[1,5-b]quinazoline hybrids as 1H-1,2,3-triazoles are the structures of great diversity and importance in diverse therapeutics containing numerous biological activities...

Aflatoxins are carcinogens produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus that contaminate pistachio crops. International markets reject pistachio when aflatoxins exceed permitted maximum levels. Releasing the atoxigenic strain AF36 of A. flavus is the leading aflatoxin pre-harvest control method. The product AF36 Prevail®, sorghum grains coated with AF36 propagules, has been used in California since 2017. However, a high percentage of grains of the Prevail® fail to sporulate in orchards...

The present study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of early harvest in preventing aflatoxins in peanuts under drought-stress conditions. A field experiment was conducted on the 2018-2019 and 2019-2020 growing seasons in a greenhouse with an irrigation system to induce three drought stress conditions: no stress, mild, and severe stress. In addition, three harvest dates were proposed: two weeks earlier, one week earlier, and ideal harvest time. The mean peanut yield was 2634 kg/ha, considering the two growing seasons, and the drought stress conditions and harvest dates did not influence significantly...

Fungal producing potency of camptothecin (CPT) raise the hope for their usage to be a platform for industrial production of CPT, nevertheless, attenuation of their productivity of CPT with the subculturing and preservation is the challenge. So, screening for novel endophytic fungal isolates with a reliable CPT-biosynthetic stability was the objective. Among the isolated endophytic fungi from the tested medicinal plants, Aspergillus terreus OQ642314.1, endophyte of Cinnamomum camphora, exhibits the highest yield of CPT (89...

Nowadays, coffee (Coffea Arabica L.) is among the most significant agricultural products of the world and drinking coffee has become one of the most popular habits in the world. The main contamination of stored coffee beans is related with the mycotoxin produced by the toxigenic fungi belonging the genus Aspergillus . Fungal infection followed by mycotoxin biosynthesis in coffee results in notable financial losses. subsequent mycotoxin biosynthesis in coffee leads to major economic losses. Complications ranging from mild to severe can be caused by the mycotoxins produced by this genus...

Aspergillus parasiticus is an important aflatoxigenic fungus, frequently found in soil samples. Here, we report the sequencing of A. parasiticus strain MRI410 using Illumina MiSeq and Oxford Nanopore platforms. This strain was isolated from soil of a Kenyan maize field.

Sesquiterpenoids with a cage-like multiring frame are rarely found in nature. Mining of the isopod-derived fungus Aspergillus parasiticus SDU001 by the one strain-many compounds (OSMAC) strategy unexpectedly led to the discovery of fungal drimane-type sesquiterpenoids astellolide R ( 1 ), featuring an unusual cage-like 6/6/5/6/5 pentacyclic ring system, astellolide S ( 2 ), possessing a rare nicotinic acid building block, and astellolides T-W ( 3 - 6 ). Their structures were comprehensively assigned by spectroscopic data analysis, single-crystal X-ray diffraction, and electronic circular dichroism calculations...

Aspergillus sojae has long been considered a domesticated strain of Aspergillus parasiticus . This study delineated relationships among the two species and an Aspergillus PWE36 isolate. Of 25 examined clustered aflatoxin genes of PWE36, 20 gene sequences were identical to those of A. sojae , but all had variations to those of A. parasiticus . Additionally, PWE36 developmental genes of conidiation and sclerotial formation, overall, shared higher degrees of nucleotide sequence identity with A. sojae genes than with A...

Shortly after its discovery in 1960, aflatoxin - a group of fungal toxins or mycotoxins produced by the fungi Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus in food crops such as maize, peanuts and tree nuts - was found to cause liver cancer in humans and multiple animal species. Hence, regulations on maximum allowable aflatoxin levels in food worldwide have focused on protecting humans from aflatoxin's carcinogenic effects. However, aflatoxin may also have non-carcinogenic health effects (e.g., immunotoxicity) that are particularly relevant today...

The antifungal and antiaflatoxigenic effects of four distinct plant species against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus were investigated. Essential oils and methanolic extracts were prepared from aerial parts of Lippia javanica, Ocimum gratissimum, Satureja punctata, and stem barks of Toddalia asiatica by hydro-distillation and maceration, respectively. The poisoned food method was used to confirm the antifungal activity of essential oils and methanolic extracts from four different plant species against Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, and high-performance liquid chromatography was used to quantify the antiaflatoxigenic activity...

The Aspergillus genus, the etiological agent of aspergillosis, is an important food contaminant and mycotoxin producer. Plant extracts and essential oils are a source of bioactive substances with antimicrobial potential that can be used instead of synthetic food preservatives. Species from the Lauraceae family and the Ocotea genus have been used as traditional medicinal herbs. Their essential oils can be nanoemulsified to enhance their stability and bioavailability and increase their use. Therefore, this study sought to prepare and characterize both nanoemulsion and essential oil from the Ocotea indecora 's leaves, a native and endemic species from the Mata Atlântica forest in Brazil, and evaluate the activity against Aspergillus flavus RC 2054, Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999, and Aspergillus westerdjikiae NRRL 3174...

Camel milk is known as a source of nutritional and health supplements. It is known to be rich in peptides and functional proteins. One main issue facing it is related to its contamination, mainly with aflatoxins. The present study aimed to evaluate camel milk samples from different regions while trying to reduce its toxicity using safe approaches based on probiotic bacteria. Collected samples of camel milk were sourced from two main regions: the Arabic peninsula and North Africa. Samples were tested for their contents of aflatoxins (B1 and M1 ) using two techniques to ensure desired contamination levels...

Aflatoxins (AFs) represent one of the main mycotoxins produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, with the most prevalent and lethal subtypes being AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, and AFG2. AFs are responsible for causing significant public health issues and economic concerns that affect consumers and farmers globally. Chronic exposure to AFs has been linked to liver cancer, oxidative stress, and fetal growth abnormalities among other health-related risks. Although there are various technologies, such as physical, chemical, and biological controls that have been employed to alleviate the toxic effects of AF, there is still no clearly elucidated universal method available to reduce AF levels in food and feed; the only mitigation is early detection of the toxin in the management of AF contamination...

INTRODUCTION: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a carcinogen produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus which grow on maize. Given the high prevalence of child stunting (ie, impaired growth) and other nutritional disorders in low-income and middle-income countries, where maize is consumed, the role of aflatoxin exposure may be significant. Observational reports have demonstrated associations between aflatoxin exposure and impaired child growth; however, most have been cross-sectional and have not assessed seasonal variations in aflatoxin, food preparation and dynamic changes in growth...

The major safety risk of maize grain is contamination with mycotoxins. In this study, a maize-coating formulation containing freeze-dried culture filtrate of Streptomyces philanthi RL-1-178 (DCF RL-1-178) was developed and evaluated to prevent the growth of mycotoxins during maize grain storage. In vitro studies using confrontation tests on PDA plates indicated that S. philanthi RL-1-178 inhibited the growth of Aspergillus parasiticus TISTR 3276 (89.0%) and A. flavus PSRDC-4 (95.0%). The maize grain coating formulations containing the DCF RL-1-178 (0, 5, 10, and 15% (v/v)) and the polymer polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP-K90, 4...