Aspergillus parasiticus

There is great concern about the risk posed by the consumption of food contaminated with aflatoxins (AF), produced mostly by Aspergillus strains, that can also be found in dry-fermented meat products (DFMPs). The aim of this study was to investigate the inhibitory effect of meat starter culture (SC), frequently used for fermentation in the meat industry, on A. parasiticus growth and the production of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin B2 (AFB2), aflatoxin G1 (AFG1), aflatoxin G2 (AFG2), and sterigmatocystin (STE) on different meat-based (CMA) and salami model (SM-G) media...

Aspergillus section Flavi (Flavi) is a diverse group of fungal species whose common members include A. flavus and A. parasiticus. These are well-known for the production of aflatoxin (AF) B and G and other toxic metabolites, like cyclopiazonic acid (CPA). They are saprophytic soil dwellers and also become crop opportunistic epiphytes. The consequence is contamination of the crop with mycotoxins, such as carcinogenic AF. We investigated the Flavi community structure of maize and that of their surrounding soil, including their mycotoxigenicity...

Previous investigations proved the potential of Saccharomyces cerevisiae MBELGA62 and Pichia kudriavzevii MBELGA61 as suitable biocontrolling agents against Aspergillus sp. through the production of soluble and volatile bioactive antifungal compounds. The present study delves into those finding by means of the identification of the volatile compounds produced by brewer's strains that demonstrated fungistatic and fungicidal effects against Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus when cultured in brewer's wort agar plates...

Aflatoxins (AFs) are produced by fungi such as Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus and are one of the most toxic mycotoxins found in agricultural products and food. Aflatoxin contamination, which requires the control of A. flavus , remains problematic because of the lack of effective strategies and the exploration of new compounds that can inhibit A. flavus growth and mycotoxin production is urgently required to alleviate potential deleterious effects. Acetohydroxy acid synthase (AHAS) and dihydroxy acid dehydratase are important enzymes in the biosynthetic pathways of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs), including isoleucine, leucine, and valine...

Phytopathogenic fungi and nematodes cause great losses in economically important crops and food production especially in developing countries. To minimize the use of fungicides and nematicides, researchers have concentrated on the use of natural products for crop disease prevention or control. The aim of the study was to investigate the antifungal activity of Ptaeroxylon obliquum leaf extracts, fractions, and isolated compounds (obliquumol and a mixture of lupeol and β-amyrin) and nematocidal activity of fractions (hexane, chloroform and 30% water in methanol and the isolated compounds) on Meloidogyne incognita ...

The effects of acoustic waves on growth inhibition of food spoilage fungi (Aspergillus niger, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus parasiticus and Botrytis cinerea) on the medium and strawberry surfaces were investigated. Firstly, single-frequency sound waves (250, 500, 1000, 2000, 4000, 8000, 12,000 and 16,000 Hz) were induced on inoculated medium with fungi spores for 24 h and growth diameter of each mold was evaluated during the incubation period. In the second stage, the sound waves with two frequencies of 250 Hz and 16,000 Hz were induced on inoculated strawberries with fungi spores at 5 °C for different times (2, 4, 6, 8 and 10 days)...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is a potent human liver carcinogen produced by certain molds, particularly Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus , which contaminate peanuts, corn, rice, cottonseed, and ground and tree nuts, principally in warm and humid climates. AFB1 undergoes bioactivation in the liver to produce AFB1 - exo -8,9-epoxide, which forms the covalently bound cationic AFB1 - N 7-guanine (AFB1 -N 7-Gua) DNA adduct. This adduct is unstable and undergoes base-catalyzed opening of the guanine imidazolium ring to form two ring-opened diastereomeric 8,9-dihydro-8-(2,6-diamino-4-oxo-3,4-dihydropyrimid-5-yl-formamido)-9-hydroxy-aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 -FapyGua) adducts...

The challenge of discriminating closely related species persists, notably within clinical diagnostic laboratories for invasive aspergillosis (IA)-related species and food contamination microorganisms with toxin-producing potential. We employed Analysis of the whole-GEnome (AGE) to address the challenges of closely related species within the genus Aspergillus and developed a rapid detection method. First, reliable whole genome data for 77 Aspergillus species were downloaded from the database, and through bioinformatic analysis, specific targets for each species were identified...

The study focused on utilizing the anti-fungal and antioxidant properties of essential oils from Thymus daenensis Celak. subsp. daenensis to combat the growth of mycotoxin-producing Aspergillus species, including A. flavus, A. parasiticus, and A. niger, all common food and agricultural contaminants. The essential oil exhibited significant antifungal activity, accompanied by notable antioxidant properties. The essential oils from T. daenensis Celak. subsp. daenensis displayed significant inhibitory effects on all three Aspergillus species, with minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) ranging from 575 to 707 ppm and half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ranging from 237 to 280 ppm...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is a secondary metabolite produced principally by Aspergillus parasiticus and A. flavus . It is one of the most potent and commonly occurring dietary carcinogen with its carcinogenic potential being linked to the formation of DNA adducts and reactive oxygen species (ROS). Plant extracts contain a plethora of biologically active phytochemicals that act against ROS. This study aimed to assess the phytochemical content and antioxidant activity of methanolic extracts of some medicinal plants and investigate their detoxification potentials against AFB1 ...

Aflatoxins (AFTs), a type of mycotoxin mainly produced by Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus, could be detected in food, feed, Chinese herbal medicine, grain crops and poses a great threat to public health security. Among them, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most toxic one. Exposure to AFB1 poses various health risks to both humans and animals, including the development of chronic inflammatory diseases, cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative diseases, and cancer. The molecular mechanisms underlying these risks are intricate and dependent on specific contexts...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is a naturally occurring toxin produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus. The AFB1 is classified as a potent carcinogen and poses significant health risks both to humans and animals. Early detection of the toxin in post-harvest agricultural products will save lives and promote healthy food production. In this study, stratified docking approach was utilized to screen and identify potential aptamers that can bind to AFB1 . ssDNA sequences were acquired from the Mendeley dataset, secondary and tertiary structures were predicted through a series of bioinformatics pipelines...

Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) is a subsidiary poisonous metabolite, archetypally spawned by Aspergillus flavus and A. parasiticus, which are often isolated in warm or tropical countries across the world. AFB1 is capable of disrupting the functioning of several reproductive endocrine glands by interrupting the enzymes and their substrates that are liable for the synthesis of various hormones in both males and females. In men, AFB1 is capable of hindering testicular development, testicular degeneration, and reduces reproductive capabilities...

Increased frequencies of Aspergillus section Flavi and aflatoxins in cereal grains have been seen in recent years due to changes in climate circumstances, such as high temperatures and drought. To assess the microbiological risks of contamination, it is critical to have a reliable and accurate means of identifying the fungi. The main goal of this study was to characterize Aspergillus species from section Flavi obtained from twenty-three samples of barley and maize grains, gathered from different markets in Qena, Egypt, using morphological and molecular techniques...

BACKGROUND: Aspergillus species cause broad spectrum infections especially invasive lethal infections in immunocompromised patients. This study aimed to assess the antifungal activity of plants and compounds including Aloe vera, Thyme, carvacrol, and nano-encapsulation of carvacrol on the growth and production of aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus parasiticus and Aspergillus flavus. METHODS AND RESULTS: Minimum inhibitory concentrations of extracts Aloe vera, Thyme, carvacrol, and nanocarvacrol, and fluconazole as a control were determined according to Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute by serial microdilution protocol...

Populations of ochratoxin-producing Aspergillus section Circumdati species and aflatoxin-producing Aspergillus section Flavi species frequently coexist in soil and are the main sources of mycotoxin contamination of tree nuts. Identification of mycotoxigenic Aspergillus species in these sections is difficult using traditional isolation and culture methods. We developed a multiplex digital PCR (dPCR) assay to detect and quantify Aspergillus ochraceus, A. westerdijkiae, and A. steynii (section Circumdati), as well as A...

Aflatoxins, a group of toxic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, pose significant threats to human health due to their potent carcinogenic, mutagenic, and immunosuppressive properties. Chronic exposure to these contaminants, commonly found in staple foods such as maize and groundnuts, has been linked to an increased risk of liver cancer, growth impairment, and immune dysfunction. Several agents, such as calcium montmorillonite clay and Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG, have shown promise in reducing aflatoxin bioavailability and alleviating its toxic effects...

AIM AND BACKGROUND: Aflatoxins, produced by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus, are among the most toxic mycotoxins. Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) is a hydroxylated metabolite of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), found in milk and dairy products from animals fed AFB1-contaminated feed. Consumption of AFM1 has related adverse effects on human health. Breast milk can be a source of contamination for infants due to the presence of AFM. AFM1 can also contaminate powdered milk, a significant product of the milk industry...

The genus Aspergillus harbors human infection-causing pathogens and is involved in the complex one-health challenge of antifungal resistance. Here, a 6-year retrospective study was conducted with Aspergillus spp. isolated from patients with invasive, chronic, and clinically suspected aspergillosis in a tertiary teaching hospital. A total of 64 Aspergillus spp. clinical isolates were investigated regarding molecular identification, biofilm, virulence in Galleria mellonella , antifungal susceptibility, and resistance to amphotericin B and azoles...

This study aimed to examine the heat stability of culture filtrates of Trichoderma asperelloides SKRU-01 (culture filtrates SKRU-01) over a temperatures range (40-121 °C) and the effects on the antifungal activity against two aflatoxin-producing strains (Aspergillus parasiticus TISTR 3276 and A. flavus PSRDC-4), aflatoxin B1 (AFB1 ) degradation, and the role in mycotoxin control in peanuts. The impact of SKRU-01 culture age (2-12 day-old) on both pathogenic strains revealed that the culture age of 6-12 day-old cultures exhibited no significant difference (p > 0...