RPL

Purpose: Programmed cell death 1 (PD1) and PD ligand 1 (PDL1) are speculated to have an important role in maintaining a normal pregnancy and there are also a few reports of an association between the single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of PD1 or PDL1 and diseases in humans. The association was examined between the polymorphisms of PD1 , PDL1 , CTLA4 and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Methods: The study group consisted of 243 women with two or more pregnancy losses and 176 parous women...

This paper presents the adaptation of a specific metric for the RPL protocol in the objective function MRHOF. Among the functions standardized by IETF, we find OF0, which is based on the minimum hop count, as well as MRHOF, which is based on the Expected Transmission Count (ETX). However, when the network becomes denser or the number of nodes increases, both OF0 and MRHOF introduce long hops, which can generate a bottleneck that restricts the network. The adaptation is proposed to optimize both OFs through a new routing metric...

Background: Granulocyte colony-in stimulating factor ( G-CSF ) gene can be a potential candidate gene implicated recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), a common complication of pregnancy with the prevalence of 1-5% among women of reproductive age. Objective: To investigate the association between rs1042658 polymorphism in the 3' untranslated region (3'UTR) of G-CSF gene and the risk of unexplained RPL among Iranian women. Materials and Methods: In total, 122 women with unexplained RPL and 140 healthy postmenopausal women as a control group were enrolled in this case-control study...

Gerbera hieracioides (Kunth) Zardini of the Gerbera -complex (Mutisieae, Asteraceae/Compositae) is distributed in Ecuador and Peru. This perennial herb was first named as Onoseris hieracioides Kunth and was later recognised as Trichocline hieracioides (Kunth) Ferreyra. Now it is generally treated as Gerbera hieracioides (Kunth) Zardini but it has never been included in any section of Gerbera . In this study, the position of Gerbera hieracioides is assessed based on morphology and a molecular phylogeny that includes G...

Recently the Asian Gerbera species were shown to form a clade that was not the sister group of the African Gerbera . In this study, the position of the Asian Gerbera species was further assessed based on morphology and molecular phylogenetic analyses that included six Asian Gerbera and 26 other species from the Gerbera -complex. Morphological results showed that the six Asian Gerbera species, which were sampled, bear leaves with the adaxial epidermal surface lacking stomates, possess bracteate scapes and lack inner ray florets...

BACKGROUND: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) occurs in 3-5% in about 30% of cases no cause can be found. Women with RPL show higher prevalence of undiagnosed gut disorders. Furthermore, in endometrial tissues of RPL women, higher expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines and Nalp-3 inflammasome has been observed. Aim of this study was to investigate whether an abnormal gut permeability might occur in RPL women and allow passage into systemic circulation of pro-inflammatory molecules able to induce endometrial inflammation...

Time Slotted Channel Hopping (TSCH) is widely used in the industrial wireless sensor networks due to its high reliability and energy efficiency. Various timeslot and channel scheduling schemes have been proposed for achieving high reliability and energy efficiency for TSCH networks. Recently proposed autonomous scheduling schemes provide flexible timeslot scheduling based on the routing topology, but do not take into account the network traffic and packet forwarding delays. In this paper, we propose an autonomous scheduling scheme for convergecast in TSCH networks with RPL as a routing protocol, named Escalator...

Miscarriage is the most common complication in pregnancy. Considering the importance of the problem thrombophilia in pregnant women and its association with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), analysis of polymorphisms of genes involved in thrombophilia can be useful. We investigated the frequency and association between ten polymorphisms of seven thrombophilia genes and RPL in an Iranian population. This case-control study was conducted on 200 women with recurrent pregnancy loss and also on 200 women with at least one successful pregnancy as the control group...

One of the common complications of pregnancy is spontaneous pregnancy loss which occurs in an estimated 5- 15% of pregnancies. Of all women 1%-5% suffer from recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). Despite the fact that RPL has been associated to various anatomic, hormonal, immune, hematologic, and genetic defects, in 30% of the patients, screening tests included in the RPL workup may have negative results. Recently, we demonstrated a significant increased activation of endometrial NALP-3 inflammasome, and a caspase-1 dependent secretion of IL-18 and IL-1β in the endometrial tissues obtained from RPL women compared with a fertile women group...

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is a common, yet elusive, complication of pregnancy. Among couples at high risk of RPL, such as those carrying a structural chromosomal rearrangement, preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has been proposed as a tool to improve live birth rates and reduce the incidence of miscarriage; however, no clear consensus has been reached on its benefits in this population. This systematic review summarizes existing published research on the effect of PGD on pregnancy outcomes among carriers of chromosomal abnormalities with RPL...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to identify the association of parental MTHFR C677T gene polymorphism in couples with and without RPL history. RESULTS: During the study, 21.4% (15/70) of Ala222Val polymorphism was observed among RPL couples while no polymorphism was seen among normal, healthy couples. Our study did not find any association between MTHFR C677T polymorphism and gender (p > 0.05), gestational period (p > 0.05), geographical region (p > 0...

Background: Recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is defined as the loss of at least three pregnancies in the first trimester. Although the most common cause is embryo aneuploidy, and despite female checkup and couple karyotyping, in about 50% of cases RPL remain unexplained. Male implication has little been investigated and results are discordant. In this context, we conducted a multi-center prospective case-control study to investigate male gamete implication in unexplained RPL. Methods: A total of 33 cases and 27 controls were included from three university hospitals...

BACKGROUND: In discrete-choice experiments (DCEs), respondents are presented with a series of scenarios and asked to select their preferred choice. In clinical decision making, DCEs allow one to calculate the maximum acceptable risk (MAR) that a respondent is willing to accept for a one-unit increase in treatment efficacy. Most published studies report the average MAR for the whole sample, without conveying any information about heterogeneity. For a sample of psychiatrists prescribing drugs for a series of hypothetical patients with schizophrenia, this article demonstrates how heterogeneity accounted for in the DCE modeling can be incorporated in the derivation of the MAR...

Due to the expression of paternal antigens by the embryo, pregnancy is considered as a semi-allograft and so immunological dysregulation is considered as one of the important causes in repeated implantation failure (RIF) and recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). It has been revealed that lymphocytes immunotherapy (LIT) could be an appropriate approach to prevent pregnancy loss in such patients. Various mechanisms have been suggested for effectiveness of LIT such as enhancing expression of anti-paternal cytotoxic antibodies (APCA), progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF), anti-idiotypic antibodies (Ab2), and mixed lymphocyte reaction blocking antibodies (MLR-Bf), as well as reduction in the T helper 1/T helper 2 ratio and deviation in the pattern of cytokines production...

Deregulated immunity is one of the most important factors implicated in recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The possible role of interleukin-33 (IL-33) and forkhead/winged helix transcription factor (Foxp3) in RPL have not been fully investigated. We aimed to evaluate IL-33 rs1929992 and Foxp3 rs2232365 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and their serum levels in Egyptian RPL females. Blood samples were collected from 142 RPL patients and 123 women as healthy controls. IL-33 rs1929992 SNP was determined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism and Foxp3 rs2232365 SNP was determined using allele specific polymerase chain reaction...

BACKGROUND: This study addresses whether the association of adiponectin gene (ADIPOQ) variants with idiopathic recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is influenced by obesity. METHODS: Retrospective case-control study performed in outpatient obstetrics/gynecology clinics. Study subjects comprised 308 women with RPL, defined as ≥ 3 consecutive miscarriages of unknown etiology, and 310 control women. ADIPOQ genotyping was done by allele exclusion method on real-time PCR...

OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of chromosomal abnormalities in couples with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL), to determine other factors that may be associated with the chromosomal abnormalities, and to assess the outcomes of couples who had undergone multidisciplinary interventions according to associated etiological factors. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study involved 1074 couples who attended RPL clinic during an 11-year period from January 2006 to December 2016 at a single center, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia...

Background: Maternal thrombophilia has been identified as a risk factor for recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL). The aim of this study was to investigate the association between prothrombin G20210A and factor V Leiden (FVL) polymorphisms in women with RPL and a control group of parous women in Isfahan province of Iran. Methods: We studied 250 women with idiopathic RPL and 116 control cases. Prothrombin and FVL different genotypes were determined using polymerase chain reaction and reverse hybridization technique...

STUDY QUESTION: Will the addition of 24-chromosome microarray analysis on miscarriage tissue combined with the standard American Society for Reproductive Medicine (ASRM) evaluation for recurrent miscarriage explain most losses? SUMMARY ANSWER: Over 90% of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) will have a probable or definitive cause identified when combining genetic testing on miscarriage tissue with the standard ASRM evaluation for recurrent miscarriage...

AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate whether recurrent pregnancy loss (RPL) is associated with adipokine gene polymorphisms (namely the leptin -2548 (G/A), adiponectin 276 (G/T), and adiponectin 45 (T/G) polymorphisms) and/or adipokine serum levels. METHODS: A total of 145 women participated in the study. For the analysis of serum adipokine levels, 19 healthy fertile women (control group) and 60 women suffering from RPL were included. For the polymorphism analysis, 126 women suffering from RPL were included...