keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537200/combining-modelling-and-experimental-approaches-to-assess-the-feasibility-of-developing-rice-oil-palm-agroforestry-system
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raphaël P A Perez, Rémi Vezy, Romain Bordon, Thomas Laisné, Sandrine Roques, Maria-Camila Rebolledo, Lauriane Rouan, Denis Fabre, Olivier Gibert, Marcel De Raissac
Monoculture systems in SouthEast Asia are facing challenges due to climate change-induced extreme weather conditions, leading to significant annual production losses for rice and oil palm. To ensure the stability of these crops, innovative strategies like resilient agroforestry systems need to be explored. Converting oil palm monocultures to rice-based intercropping systems shows promise, but achieving optimal yields requires adjusting palm density and identifying rice varieties adapted to changes in light quantity and diurnal fluctuation...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Experimental Botany
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537160/synergistic-protecting-etching-synthesis-of-carbon-nanoboxes-silicon-for-high-capacity-lithium-ion-battery
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaofang Liu, Manman Yuan, Wenhua Shi, Anmin Fei, Yawen Tian, Zhi-Yi Hu, Lihua Chen, Yu Li, Bao-Lian Su
Silicon (Si) is considered as the most likely choice for the high-capacity lithium-ion batteries owing to its ultrahigh theoretical capacity (4200 mA h g-1 ) being over 10 times than that of traditional graphite anode materials (372 mA h g-1 ). However, its widespread application is limited by problems such as a large volume expansion and low electrical conductivity. Herein, we design a hollow nitrogen-doped carbon-coated silicon (Si@Co-HNC) composite in a water-based system via a synergistic protecting-etching strategy of tannic acid...
March 27, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537152/ligand-field-sensitive-spin-acceleration-in-the-iron-catalyzed-2-2-cycloaddition-of-unactivated-alkenes-and-dienes
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hanna H Cramer, Coralie Duchemin, Carli B Kovel, Junho Kim, Matthew V Pecoraro, Paul J Chirik
Redox-active pyridine(diimine) (PDI) iron catalysts promote the reversible [2 + 2] cycloaddition of alkenes and dienes to cyclobutane derivatives that have applications ranging from fuels to chemically recyclable polymers. Metallacycles were identified as key intermediates, and spin crossover from the singlet to the triplet surface was calculated to facilitate the reductive coupling step responsible for the formation of the four-membered ring. In this work, a series of sterically and electronically differentiated PDI ligands was studied for the [2 + 2] cycloaddition of ethylene and butadiene to vinylcyclobutane...
March 27, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537142/first-report-of-fusarium-falciforme-causing-root-and-rhizome-rot-of-epimedium-sagittatum-in-china
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leixia Chu, Diandian Li, Wenchuan Hou, Zhiwei Dan, Xiaojie Wang, Chengming Dong
Epimedium sagittatum (Sieb.et Zucc.) Maxim., a perennial herb, is an important medicinal plant, rich in flavonoids, and widely used in the treatment of sexual dysfunction, rheumatic disease, and cancers (Tan et al. 2016). In July 2022, a disease of root and rhizome was found on E. sagittatum aged 1-8 years in a planting area (266 ha) of Zhumadian City (32°58'12" N, 114°37'48" E), Henan Province, China. The disease incidence per field (660 m2 ) was around 10-15% in six randomly surveyed fields planted with about 10,000 E...
March 27, 2024: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537141/first-record-of-diplodia-gallae-causing-branch-cankers-on-declining-scarlet-oak-quercus-coccinea-in-virginia
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Devin Bily, Tashi Gyatso, Matt Wolanski, Amanda Conrad, Connor Goolsby, Lori A Chamberlin, Katlin M DeWitt
Members of Botryosphaeria s.l. have an extensive history as cankering pathogens of stressed and declining oak trees in the eastern United States (Ferreira et al. 2021). The host range, distribution, and virulence among two closely related species, Diplodia corticola and D. gallae, remains unclear (Brazee et al. 2023). On 15 August 2023, a survey was conducted at a declining natural hardwood site in Shenandoah County, Virginia (GPS coordinates 38.922089, -78.606125). One mature Quercus coccinea tree that displayed scorched leaf margins and branch dieback was felled and a cankered branch from the crown was sampled (Fig...
March 27, 2024: Plant Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537113/chewing-through-challenges-exploring-the-evolutionary-pathways-to-wood-feeding-in-insects
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristian F Beza-Beza, Brian M Wiegmann, Jessica A Ware, Matt Petersen, Nicole Gunter, Marissa E Cole, Melbert Schwarz, Matthew A Bertone, Daniel Young, Aram Mikaelyan
Decaying wood, while an abundant and stable resource, presents considerable nutritional challenges due to its structural rigidity, chemical recalcitrance, and low nitrogen content. Despite these challenges, certain insect lineages have successfully evolved saproxylophagy (consuming and deriving sustenance from decaying wood), impacting nutrient recycling in ecosystems and carbon sequestration dynamics. This study explores the uneven phylogenetic distribution of saproxylophagy across insects and delves into the evolutionary origins of this trait in disparate insect orders...
March 27, 2024: BioEssays: News and Reviews in Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536907/food-matters-dietary-shifts-increase-the-feasibility-of-1-5%C3%A2-c-pathways-in-line-with-the-paris-agreement
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Florian Humpenöder, Alexander Popp, Leon Merfort, Gunnar Luderer, Isabelle Weindl, Benjamin Leon Bodirsky, Miodrag Stevanović, David Klein, Renato Rodrigues, Nico Bauer, Jan Philipp Dietrich, Hermann Lotze-Campen, Johan Rockström
A transition to healthy diets such as the EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet could considerably reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, the specific contributions of dietary shifts for the feasibility of 1.5°C pathways remain unclear. Here, we use the open-source integrated assessment modeling (IAM) framework REMIND-MAgPIE to compare 1.5°C pathways with and without dietary shifts. We find that a flexitarian diet increases the feasibility of the Paris Agreement climate goals in different ways: The reduction of GHG emissions related to dietary shifts, especially methane from ruminant enteric fermentation, increases the 1...
March 29, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536890/experts-views-on-translating-nhs-support-to-stop-smoking-in-pregnancy-into-a-comprehensive-digital-intervention
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lisa McDaid, Pippa Belderson, Joanne Emery, Tim Coleman, Jo Leonardi-Bee, Felix Naughton
Many pregnant smokers need support to quit successfully. In the United Kingdom, trained smoking cessation advisors deliver structured behavioural counselling alongside access to free nicotine replacement therapy (NRT); known as the 'Standard Treatment Programme' (STP). Pregnant smokers who access STP support are more likely to quit, but uptake is low. A digital intervention could be offered as an adjunct or alternative to existing STP support to increase cessation rates. However, there are few pregnancy-specific digital options routinely available and, among those that are, there is limited evidence of their effectiveness...
March 2024: PLOS Digit Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536835/initial-agronomic-benefits-of-enhanced-weathering-using-basalt-a-study-of-spring-oat-in-a-temperate-climate
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kirstine Skov, Jez Wardman, Matthew Healey, Amy McBride, Tzara Bierowiec, Julia Cooper, Ifeoma Edeh, Dave George, Mike E Kelland, Jim Mann, David Manning, Melissa J Murphy, Ryan Pape, Yit A Teh, Will Turner, Peter Wade, Xinran Liu
Addressing soil nutrient degradation and global warming requires novel solutions. Enhanced weathering using crushed basalt rock is a promising dual-action strategy that can enhance soil health and sequester carbon dioxide. This study examines the short-term effects of basalt amendment on spring oat (Avena sativa L.) during the 2022 growing season in NE England. The experimental design consisted of four blocks with control and basalt-amended plots, and two cultivation types within each treatment, laid out in a split plot design...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536829/the-effects-of-gases-from-food-waste-on-human-health-a-systematic-review
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulina Rudziak, Evans Batung, Isaac Luginaah
Food waste is a routine and increasingly growing global concern that has drawn significant attention from policymakers, climate change activists and health practitioners. Amid the plurality of discourses on food waste-health linkages, however, the health risks from food waste induced emissions have remained under explored. This lack of evidence is partly because of the lack of complete understanding of the effects of food waste emissions from household food waste on human health either directly through physiological mechanisms or indirectly through environmental exposure effects...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536665/proteomic-examination-of-polyester-polyurethane-degradation-by-streptomyces-sp-pu10-diverting-polyurethane-intermediates-to-secondary-metabolite-production
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brana Pantelic, Romanos Siaperas, Clémence Budin, Tjalf de Boer, Evangelos Topakas, Jasmina Nikodinovic-Runic
Global plastic waste accumulation has become omnipresent in public discourse and the focus of scientific research. Ranking as the sixth most produced polymer globally, polyurethanes (PU) significantly contribute to plastic waste and environmental pollution due to the toxicity of their building blocks, such as diisocyanates. In this study, the effects of PU on soil microbial communities over 18 months were monitored revealing that it had marginal effects on microbial diversity. However, Streptomyces sp...
March 2024: Microbial Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536529/pioneering-electrochemical-detection-unveils-erdafitinib-a-breakthrough-in-anticancer-agent-determination
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Merve Hatun Yildir, Asena Ayse Genc, Nevin Erk, Wiem Bouali, Nesrin Bugday, Sedat Yasar, Ozgur Duygulu
The successful fabrication is reported of highly crystalline Co nanoparticles interconnected with zeolitic imidazolate framework (ZIF-12) -based amorphous porous carbon using the molten-salt-assisted approach utilizing NaCl. Single crystal diffractometers (XRD), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyses confirm the codoped amorphous carbon structure. Crystallite size was calculated by Scherrer (34 nm) and Williamson-Hall models (42 nm). The magnetic properties of NPCS (N-doped porous carbon sheet) were studied using a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM)...
March 27, 2024: Mikrochimica Acta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536500/the-interactions-of-subcellular-organelles-in-pulmonary-fibrosis-induced-by-carbon-black-nanoparticles-a-comprehensive-review
#13
REVIEW
Lei Bao, Qingping Liu, Jingyuan Wang, Lili Shi, Yaxian Pang, Yujie Niu, Rong Zhang
Owing to the widespread use and improper emissions of carbon black nanoparticles (CBNPs), the adverse effects of CBNPs on human health have attracted much attention. In toxicological research, carbon black is frequently utilized as a negative control because of its low toxicity and poor solubility. However, recent studies have indicated that inhalation exposure to CBNPs could be a risk factor for severe and prolonged pulmonary inflammation and fibrosis. At present, the pathogenesis of pulmonary fibrosis induced by CBNPs is still not fully elucidated, but it is known that with small particle size and large surface area, CBNPs are more easily ingested by cells, leading to organelle damage and abnormal interactions between organelles...
March 27, 2024: Archives of Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536217/exploring-high-pressure-polymorphism-in%C3%A2-carbonic-acid-through-direct-synthesis-from%C3%A2-carbon-dioxide-clathrate-hydrate
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Selene Berni, Demetrio Scelta, Sebastiano Romi, Samuele Fanetti, Frederico Alabarse, Marco Pagliai, Roberto Bini
Carbon dioxide (CO2) is widespread in astrochemically relevant environments, often coexisting with water (H2O) ices and thus triggering a great interest regarding the possible formation of their adducts under various thermodynamic conditions. Amongst them, solid carbonic acid (H2CO3) remains elusive, yet being widely studied. Synthetic routes followed for its production have always been characterised by drastic irradiation on solid ice mixtures or complex procedures on fluid samples (such as laser heating at moderate to high pressures)...
March 27, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536212/interphase-engineering-via-solvent-molecule-chemistry-for-stable-lithium-metal-batteries
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiahang Chen, Huichao Lu, Xirui Kong, Jian Liu, Jiqiong Liu, Jun Yang, Yanna Nuli, Jiulin Wang
Lithium metal battery has been regarded as promising next-generation battery system aiming for higher energy density. However, the lithium metal anode suffers severe side-reaction and dendrite issues. Its electrochemical performance is significantly depended on the electrolyte components and solvation structure. Herein, a series of fluorinated ethers are synthesized with weak-solvation ability owing to the duple steric effect derived from the designed longer carbon chain and methine group. The electrolyte solvation structure rich in AGGs (97...
March 27, 2024: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536146/stresses-in-premolars-restored-using-different-post-and-core-and-crown-materials-an-fea-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tatjana Maravić, Claudia Mazzitelli, Allegra Comba, Uros Josic, Federico Del Bianc, Annamaria Forte, Darko Vasiljević, Larisa Blažić, Lorenzo Breschi, Annalisa Mazzoni
PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the influence of three post-and-core systems and two crown materials on stresses in restored premolars using Finite Element Analysis (FEA). MATERIALS AND METHODS: A maxillary second premolar 3D model was created in SolidWorks 2014 (Dassault Systémés). Severe loss of tooth structure was simulated with six restorative options: 1) glass-fiber-reinforced composite post and composite core (GFRC)+CAD/CAM leucite-reinforced glass-ceramic crown (LRC); 2) carbon-fiberreinforced composite post and composite core (CFRC)+LRC; 3) metal cast post-and-core (MPC)+LRC 4) GFRC+CAD/CAM composite resin crown (CC); 5) CFRC+CC; 6) MPC+CC...
March 22, 2024: International Journal of Prosthodontics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536065/observational-study-of-travel-distance-between-participants-in-u-s-telemedicine-sessions-with-estimates-of-emissions-savings
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mollie Cummins, Sukrut Shishupal, Bob Wong, Neng Wan, Jace D Johnny, Amy Mhatre-Owens, Ramkiran Gouripeddi, Julia Ivanova, Triton Ong, Hiral Soni, Janelle Barrera, Hattie Wilczewski, Brandon M Welch, Brian E Bunnell
BACKGROUND: Digital health and telemedicine are potentially important strategies to decrease healthcare's environmental impact and contribution to climate change by reducing transportation-related air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. However, we currently lack robust national estimates of emissions savings attributable to telemedicine. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to (1) determine the travel distance between participants in U.S. telemedicine sessions, and (2) estimate the net reduction in carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions attributable to telemedicine in the United States, based on national, observational data describing the geographical characteristics of telemedicine session participants...
January 26, 2024: Journal of Medical Internet Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536044/acetazolamide-as-an-effective-treatment-for-pilomotor-seizures-in-autoimmune-encephalitis
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kia Gilani, Apameh Tarazi, Richard Wennberg
Pilomotor seizures are strongly associated with autoimmune encephalitis (AE), particularly anti-LGI1 encephalitis. The carbonic anhydrase inhibitor acetazolamide may have special efficacy for treating AE-associated pilomotor seizures. Six patients with AE (five anti-LGI1, one seronegative) and temporal lobe pilomotor seizures (five with seizures inducible by hyperventilation) were treated with acetazolamide, administered in a cycling (2-days-ON, 4-days-OFF) regimen to offset tolerance. Seizures were assessed during epilepsy monitoring unit (EMU) recordings in four inpatients (one of whom also maintained an outpatient seizure diary chronicling 1203 seizures over 1079 days); two outpatients self-reported seizure frequencies...
March 27, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536022/microstructures-of-layered-ni-rich-cathodes-for-lithium-ion-batteries
#19
REVIEW
Jingyu Lu, Chao Xu, Wesley Dose, Sunita Dey, Xihao Wang, Yehui Wu, Deping Li, Lijie Ci
Millions of electric vehicles (EVs) on the road are powered by lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) based on nickel-rich layered oxide (NRLO) cathodes, and they suffer from a limited driving range and safety concerns. Increasing the Ni content is a key way to boost the energy densities of LIBs and alleviate the EV range anxiety, which are, however, compromised by the rapid performance fading. One unique challenge lies in the worsening of the microstructural stability with a rising Ni-content in the cathode. In this review, we focus on the latest advances in the understanding of NLRO microstructures, particularly the microstructural degradation mechanisms, state-of-the-art stabilization strategies, and advanced characterization methods...
March 27, 2024: Chemical Society Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535987/bridging-colloidal-and-electrochemical-syntheses-of-metal-nanocrystals-with-seeded-electrodeposition-for-tracking-single-nanocrystal-growth
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ekta Verma, Myung-Hoon Choi, Nabojit Kar, Lane A Baker, Sara E Skrabalak
Metal nanocrystals (NCs) produced by colloidal synthesis have a variety of structural features, such as different planes, edges, and defects. Even from the best colloidal syntheses, these characteristics are distributed differently in each NC. This inherent heterogeneity can play a significant role in the properties displayed by NCs. This manuscript reports the use of electrochemistry to synthesize Au NCs in a system evaluated to track individual NC growth trajectories as a first step toward rapid identification of NCs with different structural features...
March 27, 2024: Nanoscale
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