keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534687/navigating-the-chemical-space-of-enr-inhibitors-a-comprehensive-analysis
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vid Kuralt, Rok Frlan
Antimicrobial resistance is a global health threat that requires innovative strategies against drug-resistant bacteria. Our study focuses on enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductases (ENRs), in particular FabI, FabK, FabV, and InhA, as potential antimicrobial agents. Despite their promising potential, the lack of clinical approvals for inhibitors such as triclosan and isoniazid underscores the challenges in achieving preclinical success. In our study, we curated and analyzed a dataset of 1412 small molecules recognized as ENR inhibitors, investigating different structural variants...
March 11, 2024: Antibiotics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533201/problematic-coffee-use-and-associated-factors-among-medical-and-health-science-students-in-dilla-university-ethiopia
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chalachew Kassaw, Rediet Regasa, Misrak Negash, Amare Alemwork, Lulu Abebe, Solomon Yimer, Tamrat Anbesaw, Selamawit Alemayehu
OBJECTIVE: Coffee holds a cherished place in Ethiopian culture, its consumption among students raises concerns despite its perceived benefits for alertness and productivity. Moderate caffeine intake remains unproblematic, but exceeding 400 mg daily can trigger detrimental health effects such as fatigue, memory impairment, and even attention-deficit disorder. Research on problematic coffee use among young adults, specifically Ethiopian students, remains limited, hindering our understanding of its potential scope and impact...
2024: SAGE Open Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532149/advances-in-recombinant-protease-production-current-state-and-perspectives
#3
REVIEW
Xiufang Liu, Mulin Lian, Mouming Zhao, Mingtao Huang
Proteases, enzymes that catalyze the hydrolysis of peptide bonds in proteins, are important in the food industry, biotechnology, and medical fields. With increasing demand for proteases, there is a growing emphasis on enhancing their expression and production through microbial systems. However, proteases' native hosts often fall short in high-level expression and compatibility with downstream applications. As a result, the recombinant production of proteases has become a significant focus, offering a solution to these challenges...
March 27, 2024: World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531587/challenges-and-lessons-learned-from-a-long-term-postauthorisation-safety-study-programme-of-rivaroxaban-in-europe
#4
REVIEW
Gunnar Brobert, Ana Ruigomez, Tania Schink, Annemarie Voss, Ron Herings, Elisabeth Smits, Karin M A Swart, Leif Friberg, Yanina Balabanova, Christine Tarenz, Kiliana Suzart-Woischnik, Montse Soriano-Gabarró, Pareen Vora, Martin Homering, Tomasz Dyszynski, Gerd Nagel, Pablo Amaya, Luis Alberto García Rodríguez
OBJECTIVES: To describe opportunities and challenges experienced from the four pharmacoepidemiological database studies included in the rivaroxaban post authorisation safety study (PASS) programme and propose ways to maximise the value of population-based observational research when addressing regulatory requirements. DESIGN: PASS programme of rivaroxaban carried out as part of the regulatory postapproval commitment to the European Medicines Agency. SETTING: Clinical practice in Germany, the Netherlands, Sweden and the UK (electronic health records)-undertaken by pharmacoepidemiology research teams using country-specific databases with different coding structures...
March 25, 2024: BMJ Open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530853/local-scale-phylodynamics-reveal-differential-community-impact-of-sars-cov-2-in-a-metropolitan-us-county
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miguel I Paredes, Amanda C Perofsky, Lauren Frisbie, Louise H Moncla, Pavitra Roychoudhury, Hong Xie, Shah A Mohamed Bakhash, Kevin Kong, Isabel Arnould, Tien V Nguyen, Seffir T Wendm, Pooneh Hajian, Sean Ellis, Patrick C Mathias, Alexander L Greninger, Lea M Starita, Chris D Frazar, Erica Ryke, Weizhi Zhong, Luis Gamboa, Machiko Threlkeld, Jover Lee, Jeremy Stone, Evan McDermot, Melissa Truong, Jay Shendure, Hanna N Oltean, Cécile Viboud, Helen Chu, Nicola F Müller, Trevor Bedford
SARS-CoV-2 transmission is largely driven by heterogeneous dynamics at a local scale, leaving local health departments to design interventions with limited information. We analyzed SARS-CoV-2 genomes sampled between February 2020 and March 2022 jointly with epidemiological and cell phone mobility data to investigate fine scale spatiotemporal SARS-CoV-2 transmission dynamics in King County, Washington, a diverse, metropolitan US county. We applied an approximate structured coalescent approach to model transmission within and between North King County and South King County alongside the rate of outside introductions into the county...
March 26, 2024: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530710/hiv-hbv-coinfection-understanding-the-complex-interactions-and-their-impact-on-spontaneous-hbv-clearance-chronic-liver-damage-cirrhosis-and-hepatocellular-carcinoma
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jingwen Xiao, Yongzheng Zhang, Jia Wu, Xinping -Chen, Wei Zou
Compared to either HIV or hepatitis B virus (HBV) monoinfected individuals, HIV/HBV-coinfected individuals have a decreased probability of spontaneous HBV clearance and a greater risk of developing chronic liver damage and a faster progression to cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. This manuscript attempts to provide a comprehensive review of the landscape of current HIV/HBV coinfection research with a focus on the intricate interactions between these two viruses. Our review will help understand the disease dynamics of HIV/HBV coinfection and has important implications for designing public health strategies...
2024: AIDS Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529656/addressing-disparities-in-acute-stroke-management-and-prognosis
#7
REVIEW
M Carter Denny, Nicole Rosendale, Nicole R Gonzales, Thabele M Leslie-Mazwi, Sandy Middleton
There are now abundant data demonstrating disparities in acute stroke management and prognosis; however, interventions to reduce these disparities remain limited. This special report aims to provide a critical review of the current landscape of disparities in acute stroke care and highlight opportunities to use implementation science to reduce disparities throughout the early care continuum. In the prehospital setting, stroke symptom recognition campaigns that have been successful in reducing prehospital delays used a multilevel approach to education, including mass media, culturally tailored community education, and professional education...
March 26, 2024: Journal of the American Heart Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529604/a-novel-gene-signature-based-on-immune-cell-infiltration-landscape-predicts-prognosis-in-lung-adenocarcinoma-patients
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chao Ma
BACKGROUND: The tumor microenvironment (TME) is created by the tumor and dominated by tumor-induced interactions. Long-term survival of lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD) patients is strongly influenced by immune cell infiltration in TME. The current article intends to construct a gene signature from LUAD ICI for predicting patient outcomes. METHODS: For the initial phase of the study, the TCGA-LUAD dataset was chosen as the training group for dataset selection. We found two datasets named GSE72094 and GSE68465 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database for model validation...
March 25, 2024: Current Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527903/colombian-ocular-diseases-epidemiology-study-codes-prevalence-and-sociodemographic-characterization-of-refractive-errors-in-colombian-eye-care-consultations
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Germán Mejía-Salgado, Carlos Cifuentes-González, Laura Zarate-Pinzón, Luisa Fernanda Peña-Pulgar, William Rojas-Carabali, David Valdés-Arias, Danna Lesley Cruz, Alejandra de-la-Torre
PURPOSE: To estimate the prevalence and demographic characteristics of uncorrected refractive errors (URE) in people who attended eye care consultations in Colombia between 2015 and 2019, using the National Health Registry data. METHODS: We identified ICD codes for myopia (H-52.1), degenerative myopia (H-44.2), hyperopia (H-52.0), and astigmatism (H-52.2) from the Integrated Social Protection Information System. Crude prevalence rates by age and sex were calculated for the population attending eye care services during these years...
March 25, 2024: Ophthalmic Epidemiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527900/navigating-the-landscapes-of-spatial-transcriptomics-how-computational-methods-guide-the-way
#10
REVIEW
Runze Li, Xu Chen, Xuerui Yang
Spatially resolved transcriptomics has been dramatically transforming biological and medical research in various fields. It enables transcriptome profiling at single-cell, multi-cellular, or sub-cellular resolution, while retaining the information of geometric localizations of cells in complex tissues. The coupling of cell spatial information and its molecular characteristics generates a novel multi-modal high-throughput data source, which poses new challenges for the development of analytical methods for data-mining...
2024: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. RNA
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527351/a-systematic-review-of-registered-clinical-trials-for-peripheral-nerve-injuries
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ala Elhelali, Sami Tuffaha
Upper extremity peripheral nerve injuries (PNIs) significantly impact daily functionality and necessitate effective treatment strategies. Clinical trials play a crucial role in developing these strategies. However, challenges like retrospective data collection, reporting biases, inconsistent outcome measures, and inadequate data sharing practices hinder effective research and treatment advancements. This review aims to analyze the landscape of reporting, methodological design, outcome measures, and data sharing practices in registered clinical trials concerning upper extremity PNIs...
April 1, 2024: Annals of Plastic Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527049/let-s-chalk-about-it-introducing-the-tinytalks-curriculum-a-paradigm-for-short-virtual-chalk-talks
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Handorf, Michael G Healy, Anna Klouda, Alice Lu, Iman Moawad, Weizhen Tan, Yoon Soo Park, Ariel Frey-Vogel
In busy clinical environments, educational opportunities must be designed to accommodate learner-specific needs. Many adult learners prefer short, relevant, technology-enhanced learning. As such, electronic learning (e-learning) experiences have become a prominent part of medical education. Yet, there remain challenges to e-learning experiences in the current educational landscape. To address these challenges, the authors developed the TinyTalks paradigm, which serves as the educational foundation for the TinyTalks curriculum...
March 25, 2024: Academic Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526934/probing-the-dynamic-landscape-from-static-to-time-resolved-x-ray-absorption-spectroscopy-to-investigate-copper-redox-chemistry-in-neurodegenerative-disorders
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emiliano De Santis, Stefania Alleva, Velia Minicozzi, Francesco Stellato
Copper (Cu), capable of existing in various oxidation states, notably Cu(I) and Cu(II), plays a pivotal role in diverse biological redox reactions. This includes its involvement in pathways associated with oxidative stress in neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathies. This paper offers an overview of X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy (XAS) studies designed to elucidate the interactions between Cu ions and proteins or peptides associated with these neurodegenerative diseases...
March 25, 2024: ChemPlusChem
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524607/viruses-and-thrombocytopenia
#14
REVIEW
Reyhaneh Rasizadeh, Fatemeh Ebrahimi, Atefeh Zamani Kermanshahi, Amin Daei Sorkhabi, Aila Sarkesh, Javid Sadri Nahand, Hossein Bannazadeh Baghi
Thrombocytopenia, characterized by a decrease in platelet count, is a multifaceted clinical manifestation that can arise from various underlying causes. This review delves into the intriguing nexus between viruses and thrombocytopenia, shedding light on intricate pathophysiological mechanisms and highlighting the pivotal role of platelets in viral infections. The review further navigates the landscape of thrombocytopenia in relation to specific viruses, and sheds light on the diverse mechanisms through which hepatitis C virus (HCV), measles virus, parvovirus B19, and other viral agents contribute to platelet depletion...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524599/single-cell-and-bulk-rna-sequencing-highlights-the-role-of-m1-like-infiltrating-macrophages-in-antibody-mediated-rejection-after-kidney-transplantation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qidan Pang, Liang Chen, Changyong An, Juan Zhou, Hanyu Xiao
BACKGROUND: Antibody-mediated rejection (ABMR) significantly affects transplanted kidney survival, yet the macrophage phenotype, ontogeny, and mechanisms in ABMR remain unclear. METHOD: We analyzed post-transplant sequencing and clinical data from GEO and ArrayExpress. Using dimensionality reduction and clustering on scRNA-seq data, we identified macrophage subpopulations and compared their infiltration in ABMR and non-rejection cases. Cibersort quantified these subpopulations in bulk samples...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524133/structure-guided-engineering-and-molecular-simulations-to-design-a-potent-monoclonal-antibody-to-target-ap2-antigen-for-adaptive-immune-response-instigation-against-type-2-diabetes
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Abbas Khan, Muhammad Ammar Zahid, Anwar Mohammad, Abdelali Agouni
INTRODUCTION: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is recognized as one of the oldest chronic diseases and has become a significant public health issue, necessitating innovative therapeutic strategies to enhance patient outcomes. Traditional treatments have provided limited success, highlighting the need for novel approaches in managing this complex disease. METHODS: In our study, we employed graph signature-based methodologies in conjunction with molecular simulation and free energy calculations...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523409/a-guide-to-germ-free-and-gnotobiotic-mouse-technology-to-study-health-and-disease
#17
REVIEW
Maude Jans, Lars Vereecke
The intestinal microbiota has major influence on human physiology and modulates health and disease. Complex host-microbe interactions regulate various homeostatic processes, including metabolism and immune function, while disturbances in microbiota composition (dysbiosis) are associated with a plethora of human diseases and are believed to modulate disease initiation, progression and therapy response. The vast complexity of the human microbiota and its metabolic output represents a great challenge in unraveling the molecular basis of host-microbe interactions in specific physiological contexts...
March 24, 2024: FEBS Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522725/clinical-perspective-on-topical-vaccination-strategies
#18
REVIEW
Petya Popova, Sunny P Chen, Suiyang Liao, Manish Sadarangani, Anna K Blakney
Vaccination is one of the most successful measures in modern medicine to combat diseases, especially infectious diseases, and saves millions of lives every year. Vaccine design and development remains critical and involves many aspects, including the choice of platform, antigen, adjuvant, and route of administration. Topical vaccination, defined herein as the introduction of a vaccine to any of the three layers of the human skin, has attracted interest in recent years as an alternative vaccination approach to the conventional intramuscular administration because of its potential to be needle-free and induce a superior immune response against pathogens...
March 22, 2024: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521135/pathogenesis-or-a-response-to-lithium-a-novel-perspective-for-mitochondrial-mass-fluctuation-of-na%C3%A3-ve-t-cells-in-patients-with-bipolar-disorder
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhenni Chen, Bingqi Wang, Yiran Huang, Xiaofan Wang, Wanzhen Li, Min Wang
BACKGROUND: Immune imbalances are associated with the pathogenesis and pharmacological efficacy of bipolar disorder (BD). The underlying mechanisms remain largely obscure but may involve immunometabolic dysfunctions of T-lymphocytes. METHODS: We investigated if inflammatory cytokines and the immunometabolic function of T-lymphocytes, including frequencies of subsets, mitochondrial mass (MM), and low mitochondrial membrane potential (MMPLow ) differed between BD patients (n = 47) and healthy controls (HC, n = 43)...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Affective Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520667/exploring-patient-reported-quality-of-life-in-lung-cancer-patients-a-qualitative-study-of-patient-reported-outcome-measures
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Jensen-Marini, Darshini Ayton, John Zalcberg, Robert G Stirling
OBJECTIVE: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death globally and provides a major disease burden likely to substantially impact quality of life (QoL). Patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs) have been identified as effective methods of evaluating patient QoL. Existing lung cancer-specific PROMs however have uncertain utility and minimal patient involvement in their design and development. This qualitative study aimed to evaluate the patient perspective of existing PROMs and to explore their appropriateness for population-based descriptions of lung cancer-related QoL...
March 23, 2024: Asia-Pacific Journal of Clinical Oncology
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