electrochemistry

Research in electrochemical detection in lateral flow assays (LFAs) has gained significant momentum in recent years. The primary impetus for this surge in interest is the pursuit of achieving lower limits of detection, especially given that LFAs are the most widely employed point-of-care biosensors. Conventionally, the strategy for merging electrochemistry and LFAs has centered on the superposition of screen-printed electrodes onto nitrocellulose substrates during LFA fabrication. Nevertheless, this approach poses substantial limitations regarding scalability...

Recently, many studies have been published regarding electrochemical oxygen reduction reaction for generating hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) using gas diffusion electrodes (GDEs) for various applications. Sodium salts solved in deionized water were usually used as supporting electrolytes. In technical applications, however, tap water-based electrolytes with hardeners are particularly relevant and have only been considered in a few studies to date. In this work, we investigated the influence of hardeners on H2O2-generation at 150 mA cm‑2 and were able to show that scaling occurs predominantly on the GDE surface and not in its pore structure...

An organophotoelectrocatalytic method for the C(sp2 )-H alkylation of heteroarenes with unactivated C(sp3 )-H compounds through dehydrogenation cross-coupling has been developed. The C(sp2 )-H alkylation combines organic catalysis, photochemistry and electrochemistry, avoiding the need for external metal-reagents, HAT-reagents, and oxidants. This protocol exhibits good substrate tolerance and functional group compatibility, providing a straightforward and powerful pathway to access a variety of alkylated heteroarenes under green conditions...

Sequencing of biomacromolecules is a crucial cornerstone in life sciences. Glycans, one of the fundamental biomolecules, derive their physiological and pathological functions from their structures. Glycan sequencing faces challenges due to its structural complexity and current detection technology limitations. As a highly sensitive sensor, nanopores can directly convert nucleic acid sequence information into electrical signals, spearheading the revolution of third-generation nucleic acid sequencing technologies...

Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) diagnosis is the need of the hour, as cases are persistently increasing, and new variants are constantly emerging. The ever-changing nature of the virus leading to multiple variants, has brought an imminent need for early, accurate and rapid detection methods. Herein, we have reported the design and fabrication of Screen-Printed Electrodes (SPEs) with graphene oxide (GO) as working electrode and modified with specific antibodies for SARS-CoV-2 Receptor Binding Domain (RBD)...

The atomic precision of the subnanometer nanoclusters has provided sound proof on the structural correlation of metal complexes and larger-sized metal nanoparticles. Herein, we report the synthesis, crystallography, structural characterization, electrochemistry, and optical properties of a 133-atom intermetallic nanocluster protected by 57 thiolates (3-methylbenzenethiol, abbreviated as m -MBTH) and 3 chlorides, with the formula of Ag125 Cu8 ( m -MBT)57 Cl3 . This is the largest Ag-Cu bimetallic cluster ever reported...

Photoluminescent coordination complexes of Cr(III) are of interest as near-infrared spin-flip emitters. Here, we explore the preparation, electrochemistry, and photophysical properties of the first two examples of homoleptic N -heterocyclic carbene complexes of Cr(III), featuring 2,6- bis (imidazolyl)pyridine (ImPyIm) and 2-imidazolylpyridine (ImPy) ligands. The complex [Cr(ImPy)3 ]3+ displays luminescence at 803 nm on the microsecond time scale (13.7 μs) from a spin-flip doublet excited state, which transient absorption spectroscopy reveals to be populated within several picoseconds following photoexcitation...

Manganese-based lithium-rich layered oxides (Mn-LLOs) are promising candidate cathode materials for lithium-ion batteries, however, the severe voltage decay during cycling is the most concern for their practical applications. Herein, an Mn-based composite nanostructure constructed Li2 MnO3 (LMO@Li2 MnO3 ) is developed via an ultrathin amorphous functional oxide Lix MnOy coating at the grain surface. Due to the thin and universal LMO amorphous surface layer etched from the lithiation process by the high-concentration alkaline solution, the structural and interfacial stability of Li2 MnO3 are enhanced apparently, showing the significantly improved voltage maintenance, cycle stability, and energy density...

In this study, we demonstrate that elastic strain applied to a current collector can influence the overall thermodynamic and kinetic picture of sodium metal electrodeposition and hence the performance of a sodium metal battery. To controllably study the role of strain in electrochemical performance, we utilize NiTi foil as a stable current collector, nucleation interface, and superelastic material. Our findings demonstrate that a locked-in elastic tensile strain near 8% results in 40 mV lower onset potential for sodium electrodeposition, 19% decrease in charge transfer resistance, and 20% lower cumulative sodium loss, among other effects...

Despite the widespread utilization of variable valence metals in electrochemistry, it is still a formidable challenge to enhance the valence conversion efficiency to achieve excellent catalytic activity without introducing heterophase elements. Herein, the in-situ precipitation of Co particles on Co2 VO4 not only enhanced the concentration of oxygen vacancies (Ov) but also generated a greater number of low-valence metals, thereby enabling efficient reduction towards Hg(II). The electroanalysis results demonstrate that the sensitivity of Co/Co2 VO4 towards Hg(II) was measured at an impressive value of 1987...

Boron doped diamond has been considered as a fouling-resistive electrode material for in vitro and in vivo detection of neurotransmitters. In this study, its performance in electrochemical detection of dopamine and serotonin in neuron cultivation media Neurobasal™ before and after cultivation of rat neurons was investigated. For differential pulse voltammetry the limits of detection in neat Neurobasal™ medium of 2 µM and 0.2 µM for dopamine and serotonin, respectively, were achieved on the polished surface, which is comparable with physiological values...

The specific and excellent properties of the low-dimensional nanomaterials have made them promising building blocks to be integrated into microelectromechanical systems with high performances. Here, we present a new microheater chip for in situ TEM, in which a cross-stacked superaligned carbon nanotube (CNT) film resistor is located on a suspended SiN x membrane via van der Waals (vdW) interactions. The CNT microheater has a fast high-temperature response and low power consumption, thanks to the micro/nanostructure of the CNT materials...

Electromethanogenesis has emerged as a biological branch of Power-to-X technologies that implements methanogenic microorganisms, as an alternative to chemical Power-to-X, to convert electrical power from renewable sources, and CO2 into methane. Unlike biomethanation processes where CO2 is converted via exogenously added hydrogen, electromethanogenesis occurs in a bioelectrochemical set-up that combines electrodes and microorganisms. Thereby, mixed, or pure methanogenic cultures catalyze the reduction of CO2 to methane via reducing equivalents supplied by a cathode...

The discovery and optimization of new materials for energy storage are essential for a sustainable future. High-throughput experimentation (HTE) using a scanning droplet cell (SDC) is suitable for the rapid screening of prospective material candidates and effective variation of investigated parameters over a millimeter-scale area. Herein, we explore the transition and challenges for SDC electrochemistry from aqueous toward aprotic electrolytes and address pitfalls related to reproducibility in such high-throughput systems...

The mass transfer in lithium-ion batteries is a low-frequency dynamic that affects their voltage and performance. To find an effective way to describe the mass transfer in lithium-ion batteries, a simplified electrochemical lithium-ion battery model based on ensemble learning is proposed. The proposed model simplifies lithium-ion transfer in electrode particles with ensemble learning which ensembles discrete-time realization algorithm (DRA), fractional-order Padé approximation model (FOM), and three parameters (TPM) parabolic...

The metal organic framework (MOFs)-derived porous carbon materials with highly dispersed metal active sites were of the exclusive application foreground in many field, such as catalyst, electrochemistry, adsorption desulfurization and so on. However, the loss issue of metal active sites in MOFs frame was indispensable during the high temperature carbonization because of the lower boiling point of many metals, thus fundamentally affecting the atom-scale uniform distribution merit of MOFs-derived porous carbon materials...

Biochar-assisted anaerobic digestion (AD) remains constrained due to the inefficient decomposition of complex organics, even with the direct interspecies electron transfer (DIET) pathway. The coupling of electrochemistry with the anaerobic biological treatment could shorten lengthy retention time in co-digestion by improving electron transfer rates and inducing functional microbial acclimation. Thus, this work investigated the potential of improving the performance of AD by coupling low-magnitude electric fields with biochar derived from the anaerobically digested biogas residue...

Platinum (Pt) is the metal of choice for electrodes in implantable neural prostheses like the cochlear implants, deep brain stimulating devices, and brain-computer interfacing technologies. However, it is well known since the 1970s that Pt dissolution occurs with electrical stimulation. More recent clinical and in vivo studies have shown signs of corrosion in explanted electrode arrays and the presence of Pt-containing particulates in tissue samples. The process of degradation and release of metallic ions and particles can significantly impact on device performance...

Plasmon-mediated chemical reaction (PMCR) is a highly attractive field of research. Here we report in situ surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopic (SERS) monitoring of plasmonic-mediated SS bond-forming reaction. The reaction is thought to be a self-coupling reaction proceeding by photoinduced aromatic SC bond arylation. Surprisingly, the SC arylation and SS coupling are found to be occurred on both partially oxidized silver and silver nanoparticles. The results demonstrated that silver oxide or hydroxide and small molecule donor sacrifice agent played a crucial role in the reaction...

Electricigens decompose organic matter and convert stored chemical energy into electrical energy through extracellular electron transfer. They are significant biocatalysts for microbial fuel cells with practical applications in green energy generation, effluent treatment, and bioremediation. A facultative anaerobic electrogenic strain SQ-1 is isolated from sludge in a biotechnology factory. The strain SQ-1 is a close relative of Klebsiella variicola . Multilayered biofilms form on the surface of a carbon electrode after the isolated bacteria are inoculated into a microbial fuel cell device...