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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiziano Agostini, Fabrizio Sors, Mauro Murgia, Alessandra Galmonte
Starting approximately from the beginning of the new millennium, a series of studies highlighted that auditory information deriving from biological motion can significantly influence the behavioral, cognitive and neurophysiological processes involved in the perception and execution of complex movements. In particular, it was observed that an appropriate use of sounds deriving from one's own movement promotes improvements in the movement execution itself. Two main approaches can be used, namely the sonification one or the ecological sound one; the former is based on the conversion of physiological and/or physical movement data into sound, while the latter is based on the use of auditory recordings of movement sounds as models...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Intelligence
#22
REVIEW
Anand Kumthekar, Nirali Sanghavi, Anuya Natu, Abhijeet Danve
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Treatment guided by periodic and quantitative data assessment results in better outcomes compared to using clinical gestalt. While validated generic as well as specific disease activity measures for axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA) are available, there is vast scope to improve their actual utilization in routine clinical practice. In this review, we discuss available disease activity measures for axSpA, describe results from the survey conducted among general rheumatologists as well as Spondyloarthritis Research and Treatment Network (SPARTAN) members about disease activity measurement in daily practice, and discuss ways to improve axSpA disease activity using technological advances...
February 19, 2024: Current Rheumatology Reports
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammed Almannai, Dana Marafi, Maha S Zaki, Reza Maroofian, Stephanie Efthymiou, Nebal Waill Saadi, Bilal Filimban, Hormos Salimi Dafsari, Fatima Rahman, Shazia Maqbool, Eissa Faqeih, Fuad Al Mutairi, Hind Alsharhan, Omar Abdelaty, Saadoun Bin-Hasan, Ruizhi Duan, Mahmoud M Noureldeen, Alaa Alqattan, Henry Houlden, Jill V Hunter, Jennifer E Posey, James R Lupski, Ayman W El-Hattab
PPP1R21 encodes for a conserved protein that is involved in endosomal maturation. Biallelic pathogenic variants in PPP1R21 have been associated with a syndromic neurodevelopmental disorder from studying 13 affected individuals. In this report, we present 11 additional individuals from nine unrelated families and their clinical, radiological, and molecular findings. We identified eight different variants in PPP1R21, of which six were novel variants. Global developmental delay and hypotonia are neurological features that were observed in all individuals...
February 14, 2024: Clinical Genetics
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sven Bölte, Lovisa Alehagen, Melissa H Black, John Hasslinger, Elina Wessman, Karl Lundin Remnélius, Peter B Marschik, Emily D'Arcy, Susanna Crowson, Megan Freeth, Andreas Seidel, Sonya Girdler, Eric Zander
Autistic people experience individual strengths and challenges as well as barriers and facilitators in their environment. All of these factors contribute to how well autistic people can cope in everyday life, fulfill the roles they choose, and meet their needs. The World Health Organization has developed a system aiming to capture the many factors within people (like how someone thinks and feels) and outside of people (things around a person) that influence their daily living, called the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health...
February 13, 2024: Autism: the International Journal of Research and Practice
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emily W Baird, Daniel T Lammers, Peter Abraham, Zain G Hashmi, Russell L Griffin, Shannon W Stephens, Jan O Jansen, John B Holcomb
INTRODUCTION: The Pragmatic Randomized Optimal Platelet and Plasma Ratios (PROPPR) trial rapidly enrolled patients based on an ABC ≥ 2 score, or Physician Gestalt (PG) when ABC score was <2. The objective of this study was to describe what patients were enrolled by the two methods and whether patient outcomes differed based these enrollments. We hypothesized that there would be no differences in outcomes based on whether patients were enrolled via ABC score or PG. METHODS: Patients were enrolled with an ABC ≥ 2 or by PG when ABC was <2 by the attending trauma surgeon...
February 12, 2024: Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah K Salo, Cathryn A Harries, M Jane Riddoch, Alastair D Smith
Neuropsychological evidence suggests that visuospatial memory is subserved by two separable processing systems, with dorsal underpinnings for global form and ventral underpinnings for the integration of part elements. Previous drawing studies have explored the effects of Gestalt organisation upon memory for hierarchical stimuli, and we here present an exploratory study of an apraxic dorsal stream patient's (MH) performance. We presented MH with a stimulus set (previously reported by Riddoch et al., Cognitive Neuropsychology, 20(7), 641-671, 2003) and devised a novel quantitative scoring system to obtain a finer grain of insight into performance...
February 9, 2024: Memory & Cognition
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James L Shepherdson, Katie Hutchison, Dilan Wellalage Don, George McGillivray, Tae-Ik Choi, Carolyn A Allan, David J Amor, Siddharth Banka, Donald G Basel, Laura D Buch, Deanna Alexis Carere, Renée Carroll, Jill Clayton-Smith, Ali Crawford, Morten Dunø, Laurence Faivre, Christopher P Gilfillan, Nina B Gold, Karen W Gripp, Emma Hobson, Alexander M Holtz, A Micheil Innes, Bertrand Isidor, Adam Jackson, Panagiotis Katsonis, Leila Amel Riazat Kesh, Sébastien Küry, François Lecoquierre, Paul Lockhart, Julien Maraval, Naomichi Matsumoto, Julie McCarrier, Josephine McCarthy, Noriko Miyake, Lip Hen Moey, Andrea H Németh, Elsebet Østergaard, Rushina Patel, Kate Pope, Jennifer E Posey, Rhonda E Schnur, Marie Shaw, Elliot Stolerman, Julie P Taylor, Erin Wadman, Emma Wakeling, Susan M White, Lawrence C Wong, James R Lupski, Olivier Lichtarge, Mark A Corbett, Jozef Gecz, Charles M Nicolet, Peggy J Farnham, Cheol-Hee Kim, Marwan Shinawi
Pathogenic variants in multiple genes on the X chromosome have been implicated in syndromic and non-syndromic intellectual disability disorders. ZFX on Xp22.11 encodes a transcription factor that has been linked to diverse processes including oncogenesis and development, but germline variants have not been characterized in association with disease. Here, we present clinical and molecular characterization of 18 individuals with germline ZFX variants. Exome or genome sequencing revealed 11 variants in 18 subjects (14 males and 4 females) from 16 unrelated families...
February 5, 2024: American Journal of Human Genetics
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Mahmoudzadeh, Atousa Akhgar, Hadi Mirfazaelian
UNLABELLED: Objective: Acute cholecystitis usually presents with right upper quadrant (RUQ) abdominal pain. However, there are other conditions with similar findings which make the diagnosis difficult. The objective of this study is to prospectively validate the performance of the bedside score for the diagnosis of cholecystitis in patients presenting to the emergency department (ED) with possible acute cholecystitis. STUDY DESIGN: We performed a prospective observational study of a convenience sample of patients with RUQ pain admitted to the ED of three academic hospitals...
February 15, 2024: Heliyon
#29
Inês Patrício Rodrigues, Beatriz Teixeira, Ana Miguel Capela, Marta Almeida, Cláudia Falcão Reis
Turnpenny-Fry Syndrome (TPFS) is a rare genetic disorder characterized by a severe developmental delay and a distinctive facial gestalt. It is caused by mutations in the Polycomb Group Ring Finger Protein 2 (PCGF2) gene, which is also known to play a role in numerous tumor types. Up to date, there have been no published case reports of patients with TPFS and concomitant malignancies. The present case describes the clinical evaluation and follow-up of a male infant with severe global developmental delay (GDD) and a distinctive phenotype...
January 2024: Curēus
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James P Trujillo, Judith Holler
Human language is extremely versatile, combining a limited set of signals in an unlimited number of ways. However, it is unknown whether conversational visual signals feed into the composite utterances with which speakers communicate their intentions. We assessed whether different combinations of visual signals lead to different intent interpretations of the same spoken utterance. Participants viewed a virtual avatar uttering spoken questions while producing single visual signals (i.e., head turn, head tilt, eyebrow raise) or combinations of these signals...
January 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
#31
Sadat Kasanga, Abdallah Khashan, Ahsan Salik, Ahmed M Aboshehata, Sebastian Casillas, Mohammed Islam
Pulmonary embolisms (PEs) are potentially life-threatening emergencies that carry significant morbidity and mortality. Advances in treatment options and the safety of existing procedures have effectively reduced the long-term and short-term effects of the condition. Therefore, it is important to make an early diagnosis so that treatment options can be thoroughly explored. The D-dimer is an important tool in the early diagnosis of PEs. It is especially useful in ruling out the diagnosis in patients with a low to moderate suspicion of the disease...
December 2023: Curēus
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephen Lankton
This article explains the method of treating depression with an intervention called Self-Image Building. Several antecedents or correlates of depression are briefly discussed as they form a gestalt backdrop for the many therapeutic approaches that have been researched and promoted as treatment or solutions to depression. The rationale and construction of the intervention is illustrated with a brief case example. Self-Image Building is discussed in the context of other theories of self-image, over-generalization, negativity bias, and as an internal discriminative stimulus for performance...
March 2024: American Journal of Clinical Hypnosis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leon Gehri, Moritz L Schmidbauer, Timon Putz, Luka Ratkovic, Andreas Maskos, Cedric Zeisberger, Julia Zibold, Konstantinos Dimitriadis, On Behalf Of The Ignite Study Group
Medical nutritional therapy (MNT) in neurointensive care units (NICUs) is both particularly relevant and challenging due to prolonged analgosedation, immobilization, disorders of consciousness, and the high prevalence of dysphagia. Moreover, current guideline recommendations predominantly address the general intensive care unit (ICU) population, overlooking specific characteristics of neurological patients. We, therefore, conducted a web-based, cross-sectional survey for German-speaking neurointensivists mapping the clinical practices of MNT on NICUs to identify research gaps and common grounds for future clinical trials...
January 13, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ronen Hershman, Ayelet Sapir, Eldad Keha, Michael Wagner, Elisabeth Margarete Weiss, Avishai Henik
In the standard color-word Stroop task, participants are presented with color words and required to respond to their color while ignoring their meaning. Two types of conflict might occur in such experiments: information conflict and task conflict. Information conflict reflects the processing of two contradicting pieces of information and is indicated by shorter reaction times (RTs) in congruent compared to incongruent trials. Task conflict reflects the additional effort associated with performing two tasks, as opposed to one, and is indicated by shorter RTs in neutral trials compared to congruent trials (termed reverse facilitation)...
January 21, 2024: Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology: QJEP
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Israel O Dilán-Pantojas, Tanupat Boonchalermvichien, Sanya B Taneja, Xiaotong Li, Maryann R Chapin, Sandra Karcher, Richard D Boyce
Increased sales of natural products (NPs) in the US and growing safety concerns highlight the need for NP pharmacovigilance. A challenge for NP pharmacovigilance is ambiguity when referring to NPs in spontaneous reporting systems. We used a combination of fuzzy string-matching and a neural network to reduce this ambiguity. Our aim is to increase the capture of reports involving NPs in the US Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS). For this, we utilized Gestalt pattern-matching (GPM) and Siamese neural network (SM) to identify potential mentions of NPs of interest in 389,386 FAERS reports with unmapped drug names...
January 13, 2024: Scientific Reports
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pieter H Nienhuis, Marieke van Nieuwland, Gijs D van Praagh, Karolina Markusiewicz, Edgar M Colin, Kornelis S M van der Geest, Nils Wagenaar, Elisabeth Brouwer, Celina Alves, Riemer H J A Slart
(1) Background: In giant cell arteritis (GCA), the assessment of cranial arteries using [18 F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18 F]FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) combined with low-dose computed tomography (CT) may be challenging due to low image quality. This study aimed to investigate the effect of prolonged acquisition time on the diagnostic performance of [18 F]FDG PET/CT in GCA. (2) Methods: Patients with suspected GCA underwent [18 F]FDG-PET imaging with a short acquisition time (SAT) and long acquisition time (LAT)...
December 27, 2023: Diagnostics
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
He Huang, Philipp Doebler, Barbara Mertins
A new algorithm to identify a representative scanpath in a sample is presented and evaluated with eye-tracking data. According to Gestalt theory, each fixation of the scanpath should be on an area of interest (AOI) of the stimuli. As with existing methods, we first identify the AOIs and then extract the fixations of the representative scanpath from the AOIs. In contrast to existing methods, we propose a new concept of short-time AOI and extract the fixations of representative scanpath from the short-time AOIs...
January 9, 2024: Behavior Research Methods
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bridget A Kelly, Charles Kemp, Daniel R Little, Duane Hamacher, Simon J Cropper
Many cultures share common constellations and common narratives about the stars in the night sky. Previous research has shown that this overlap in asterisms, minimal star groupings inside constellations, is clearly present across 27 distinct culture groups and can be explained in part by properties of individual stars (brightness) and properties of pairs of stars (proximity) (Kemp, Hamacher, Little, & Cropper, 2022). The same work, however, found no evidence that properties of triples (angle) and quadruples (good continuation) predicted constellation formation...
January 4, 2024: Topics in Cognitive Science
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yung Hsiang Kao
OBJECTIVES: In systemic radionuclide therapy such as radioiodine (I-131) for differentiated thyroid cancer, post-therapy dosimetry is essential to verify pre-therapy predictions, which in turn informs the next treatment. However, post-therapy multi-time point dosimetry is resource intensive and unfeasible in many institutions. We devised a schema of rapid predictive dosimetry by circumventing post-First Strike multi-time point dosimetry with carefully assigned gestalt values of predicted kinetics to personalise the Second Strike prescription...
2024: Asia Oceania Journal of Nuclear Medicine & Biology
#40
REVIEW
Henry C Pham, Younes Alila
A century of research has generated considerable disagreement on the effect of forests on floods. Here we call for a causal inference framework to advance the science and management of the effect of any forest or its removal on flood severity and frequency. The causes of floods are multiple and chancy and, hence, can only be investigated via a probabilistic approach. We use the stochastic hydrology literature to infer a blueprint framework which could guide future research on the understanding and prediction of the effects of forests on floods in environments where rain is the dominant form of precipitation...
December 26, 2023: Science of the Total Environment
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