CD127

OBJECTIVE/MAIN OUTCOME: To study the expression of OX40 on T follicular helper (Tfh) cells and the ligand OX40L on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) in peripheral blood of patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and the role of OX40 signaling in promoting Tfh cells to assist B-cell differentiation. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Endocrinology department of a university hospital. PARTICIPANTS: Twenty-five patients with T1DM and 35 with newly diagnosed T2DM from January 2021-December 2021 (39 males, 21 females; mean age: 31...

Some studies have demonstrated the effects of particulate matter (PM) on chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) development, as well as the therapeutic role of retinoic acid (RA) in nasal polypogenesis. However, the immunologic effect of PM in innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) and the exact mechanism of the therapeutic effect of RA remain unclear. Therefore, the present study investigated the effects of fine-dust-induced inflammation in CRSwNP and the mechanisms of the therapeutic effect of RA. PM2.5 exposure exacerbated pathological damage in the nasal mucosa of mice with nasal polyps (NP) via upregulation of type 2 inflammation...

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a severe digestive system disorder with a significant risk of progressing to sepsis, a major cause of mortality. Unraveling the immunological pathways in AP is essential for developing effective treatments, particularly understanding the role of specific immune cell traits in this progression. METHODS: Employing a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian Randomization (MR) approach, this study first examined the causal relationship between AP and 731 immune cell traits to identify those significantly associated with AP...

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis, a systemic disorder mediated by the immune system, can appear on the skin, joints, or both. Individuals with cutaneous psoriasis (PsC) have an elevated risk of developing psoriatic arthritis (PsA) during their lifetime. Despite this known association, the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying this progression remain unclear. METHODS: We performed high-dimensional, in-depth immunophenotyping of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in patients with PsA and psoriasis vulgaris (PsV) by mass cytometry...

INTRODUCTION: Despite the abundance of research indicating the participation of immune cells in prostate cancer development, establishing a definitive cause-and-effect relationship has proven to be a difficult undertaking. METHODS: This study employs Mendelian randomization (MR), leveraging genetic variables related to immune cells from publicly available genome-wide association studies (GWAS), to investigate this association. The primary analytical method used in this study is inverse variance weighting (IVW) analysis...

RATIONALE: Chronic inflammation plays an important role in alveolar tissue damage in emphysema, but the underlying immune alterations and cellular interactions are incompletely understood. OBJECTIVE: To explore disease-specific pulmonary immune cell alterations and cellular interactions in emphysema. METHODS: We used single-cell mass cytometry to compare the immune compartment in alveolar tissue from 15 patients with severe emphysema and 5 controls...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), a chronic autoimmune disorder impacting thyroid function, is a growing public health concern. The relationship between Treg cells and HT has been extensively studied, with Treg cells considered crucial in suppressing HT progression. However, these studies have mainly been observational, limiting our understanding of Treg cells' impact on HT risk. Leveraging large datasets, we utilized Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to examine the causal association between Treg cell biomarkers and HT, providing additional validation for these relationships...

Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) arises from the uncontrolled proliferation of precursor B or T cells (BCP- or T-ALL). Current treatment protocols obtain high cure rates in children but are based on toxic polychemotherapy. Novel therapies are urgently needed, especially in relapsed/refractory (r/r) disease, high-risk leukemias and T-ALL, where immunotherapy approaches remain scarce. While the Interleukin-7 receptor (IL-7R) plays a pivotal role in ALL development, no IL-7R-targeting immunotherapy has yet reached clinical application in ALL...

Inflammation is an essential factor in pulmonary complications of diabetes. Bone marrow (BM)-derived C-kit+ cells have immunomodulatory properties and their transplantation is suggested as a promising strategy for ameliorating diabetes complications. This study evaluated the effect of BM-derived C-kit+ cells on the inflammation signaling pathway in lung tissue of type 2 diabetic male rats. Ten rats were used to extract C-kit cells, and 48 male Wistar rats weighing 180 ± 20 g were randomly divided into four equal groups: (1) Control (Cont), (2) Diabetic (D), (3) Diabetic + C-kit+ cells (D + C-kit pos) intravenously injected 50-µl phosphate buffer saline (PBS) containing 300,000 C-kit+ cells, and (4) Diabetic + C-kit- cells (D + C-kit neg), intravenously injected C-kit- cells...

UNLABELLED: Co-inhibitory receptors (Co-IRs) are essential in controlling the progression of immunopathology in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by limiting T cell activation. The objective of this investigation was to determine the phenotypic expression of Co-IR T cells and to assess the levels of serum soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3 in Taiwanese RA patients. METHODS: Co-IRs T cells were immunophenotyped employing multicolor flow cytometry, and ELISA was utilized for measuring soluble PD-1, PDL-2, and TIM3...

INTRODUCTION: Donor hematopoietic stem cell (DHSC) infusions are increasingly being studied in transplant patients for tolerance induction. METHODS: To analyze the fate of infused DHSCs in patients, we developed an in vitro culture system utilizing CD34+ DHSCs stimulated with irradiated allogeneic cells in cytokine supplemented medium long-term. RESULTS: Flow cytometric analyses revealed loss of the CD34 marker and an increase in CD33+ myeloid and CD3+ T-cell proportion by 10...

BACKGROUND: Treatment of salivary gland tumors (SGTs) remains challenging. Little is known about the immune landscape of SGTs. We aimed to characterize the tumor microenvironment in benign and malignant SGTs. METHODS: Eleven benign and nine malignant tumors were collected from patients undergoing curative intent surgery. Specimens were analyzed using mass cytometry by time-of-flight. Immune cell populations were manually gated, and T cells were clustered using the FlowSOM algorithm...

Voluntary medical male circumcision (VMMC) reduces HIV acquisition by at least 60%, but the determinants of HIV susceptibility in foreskin tissues are incompletely understood. Flow cytometry is a powerful tool that helps us understand tissue immune defenses in mucosal tissue like the inner foreskin, but foreskin flow cytometry has only been validated using fresh tissue samples. This restricts immune analyses to timepoints immediately after surgical acquisition and hinders research in this area. We compared fresh analysis with whole tissue cryopreservation and later thawing and digestion to analyze CD4+ T cell populations relevant to HIV susceptibility (CCR5, CD25, CD127, CCR4, CXCR3, CCR6, CCR10, HLA-DR, and CD38)...

Virus specific PD-1+ TCF-1+ TOX+ stem-like CD8+ T cells are essential for maintaining T cell responses during chronic infection and are also critical for PD-1 directed immunotherapy. In this study we have used the mouse model of chronic LCMV infection to examine when these virus specific stem-like CD8+ T cells are generated during the course of chronic infection and what is the role of antigen in maintaining the stem-like program. We found that these stem-like CD8+ T cells are generated early (day 5) during chronic infection and that antigen is essential for maintaining their stem-like program...

BACKGROUND: CD4+ T cells play a central role in control of L. donovani infection, through IFN-γ production required for activation of macrophages and killing of intracellular parasites. Impaired control of parasites can in part be explained by hampered CD4+ T cells effector functions in visceral leishmaniasis (VL) patients. In a recent studies that defined transcriptional signatures for CD4+ T cells from active VL patients, we found that expression of the IL-7 receptor alpha chain (IL-7Rα; CD127) was downregulated, compared to CD4+ T cells from endemic controls (ECs)...

BACKGROUND: The efficacy of neoadjuvant therapy for rectal cancer has not been assessed. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate proportional changes in peripheral blood immune cells in rectal cancer patients after neoadjuvant therapy and assess the relationship between tumor regression and regulatory T (Treg) cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rectal cancer patients who had received neoadjuvant therapy prior to surgery at Shanxi Cancer Hospital between January and September 2018 were enrolled in the study...

This 27-color flow cytometry antibody panel allows broad immune-profiling of major leukocyte subsets in human whole blood (WB). It includes lineage markers to identify myeloid and lymphoid cell populations including granulocytes, monocytes, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), natural killer (NK) cells, NKT-like cells, B cells, conventional CD4 and CD8 T cells, γδ T cells, mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells and innate lymphoid cells (ILC). To further characterize each of these populations, markers defining stages of cell differentiation (CCR7, CD27, CD45RA, CD127, CD57), cytotoxic potential (perforin, granzyme B) and cell activation/proliferation (HLA-DR, CD38, Ki-67) were included...

BACKGROUND: With the rise of multicolor flow cytometry, flow cytometry has become an important means to detect the immune microenvironment of lung cancer, but most of them are used to detect the proportion of cell subsets or the function of major cell subsets, and they cannot be detected at the same time. Therefore, a reliable 21-color flow cytometry protocol was established to detect the immune cell subsets in human non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tumor tissues. METHODS: Cell membrane surface antibodies cluster of differentiation (CD)45, CD3, CD19, CD4, CD8, programmed cell death 1 (PD-1), CD39, CD103, CD25, CD127, chemokine receptor 8 (CCR8), CD56, CD11c, human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DR, CD38, CD27, CD69, CD62L, CD45RA, CCR7 and nucleic acid dye L/D were used to develop the protocol...

BACKGROUND: Tumor-associated antigen (TAA)-specific CD8(+) T cells are essential for nivolumab therapy, and irradiation has been reported to have the potential to generate and activate TAA-specific CD8(+) T cells. However, mechanistic insights of T-cell response during combinatorial immunotherapy using radiotherapy and nivolumab are still largely unknown. METHODS: Twenty patients included in this study were registered in the CIRCUIT trial (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03453164)...

Although the functions of programmed death-1 (PD-1) on αβ T cells have been extensively reported, a role for PD-1 in regulating γδT cell function is only beginning to emerge. Here, we investigated the phenotypic and functional characteristics of PD-1-expressing γδT cells, and the molecular mechanism was also explored in the Plasmodium yoelii nigeriensis (P. yoelii NSM)-infected mice. Flow cytometry and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were performed. An inverse agonist of RORα, SR3335, was used to investigate the role of RORα in regulating PD-1+ γδT cells...