Accessory nerve nodules

Benign enhancing foramen magnum lesions have been previously described as T2-hyperintense small, enhancing lesions located posterior to the intradural vertebral artery. We present the first case with pathologic correlation. These lesions are fibrotic nodules adhering to the spinal accessory nerve. While they can enlarge with time on subsequent examinations, on the basis of the imaging characteristics and location, they do not necessitate surgical resection.

Minimally invasive surgeries are widespread and technically enhancing. Thyroidectomy is a common surgery and non-invasive adjustments make it more interesting. Neighbor neurovascular bundles need to be protected during minimally invasive thyroidectomy. A 15 yr old female who underwent minimally invasive thyroidectomy due to nodule, had presented with upper brachial plexus injury, without proper recovery despite physiotherapy cessions. She was operated in 2 stage reconstructive surgeries. First, musculocutaneous nerve innervated by 2 branches of median and ulnar nerves...

BACKGROUND: Variation in the posterior cord of the brachial plexus is complicated and creates a risky relationship with the neighbouring structures. This is of importance to the surgeons, anaesthetists who must deal with the region in surgeries and procedures. Moreover, any benign tumour like Schwannoma is rare in the plexus comprising 5 % of total head and neck schwannomas. METHODS: We present a case of Schwannoma of the brachial plexus in a cadaver during routine anatomy dissection for the medical students...

In this study, we present the first data concerning the anatomical, morphometrical, histological and histochemical study of the orbit, eye tunics, eyelids and orbital glands in South African Painted Dogs (Lycaon pictus pictus). The study was performed using eyeball morphometry, analysis of the bony orbit including its morphometry, macroscopic study, morphometry, histological examination of the eye tunics and chosen accessory organs of the eye and histochemical analysis. The orbit was funnel shaped and was open-type...

Most of the studies on the incidence, pattern, and predictive factors of lymph node (LN) metastasis with papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) have been performed retrospectively and no common consensus has been reached regarding the predictors for the involvement of level I LNs. This study was conducted prospectively to determine the incidence and the possible predictors of level I involvement in N1b PTC patients. The study included 30 consecutive patients with N1b stage of PTC. All the patients underwent neck dissection (ND) including level I...

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the complication rates and describe the possible complications of ultrasonography-guided radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of benign thyroid nodules (BTN) and recurrent thyroid cancers (RTC), and to compare the complication rates between BTN and RTC. METHODS: This retrospective study reviewed 875 patients who underwent RFA for BTN (746 patients; 83.5%) or RTC (129 patients; 14.7%). Medical records were reviewed for all types of complications occurring during and after the RFA procedure...

The utility and cost effectiveness of salivary gland fine-needle aspiration (FNA) is controversial. Some authorities argue FNA has no added value over clinical-radiographic study because most salivary gland nodules occur in the parotid and the tumor's relationship to the facial nerve determines the operative procedure rather than the histology. Other experts contend FNA is of value by reducing the overall number of operative procedures performed. We studied 306 salivary gland nodules (214 parotid and 92 submandibular gland) undergoing FNA...

Human accessory lacrimal glands were examined both light and electron microscopically and their gross architecture was reconstructed from serial sections. Every accessory lacrimal gland nodule is an individual organ with its own connective tissue coat and excretory duct. Within the gland proper, the excretory duct ramifies to form intralobular ducts, which are connected to the secretory glandular epithelia. The secretory epithelia are composed of elongated tubules terminating in short end pieces with lumina of variable width...

A statistical analysis of 193 patients with thyroid carcinoma encountered at Vanderbilt University Hospital from 1925 to 1974 is reported, from which the following conclusions are drawn: (1) Papillary thyroid carcinoma is an extremely favorable lesion that when grossly limited to one thyroid lobe can usually be managed successfully by ipsolateral total lobectomy. (2) Cervical lymph node enlargement in patients with papillary carcinoma requires lymph node dissection. When feasible, the spinal accessory nerve should be preserved...