Pediatric intoeing

Helicobacter pylori and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) are two well-known contributors to cancer and can establish lifelong persistent infection in the host. This leads to chronic inflammation, which also contributes to development of cancer. Association with H. pylori increases the risk of gastric carcinoma, and coexistence with EBV enhances proliferation of infected cells. Further, H. pylori -EBV coinfection causes chronic inflammation in pediatric patients. We have established an H. pylori -EBV coinfection model system using human gastric epithelial cells...

Objective To evaluate the child's quality of life (QoL), mother's burden, and correlation between these parameters in children with spastic cerebral palsy (CP). Methods Children with spastic CP (n = 120; mean age: 8.64 ± 3.45 years; range: 2-17 years) were classified into three groups of diplegia, hemiplegia, and quadriplegia based on topographical classification. The Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory and Zarit Burden Interview were used to determine the child's QoL and the mother's burden scores, respectively...

Objective: To investigate the species and antimicrobial resistance of bacterial pathogens isolated from hospitalized patients in respiratory ward in China. Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective study based on a national epidemiological network called China Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance System (CARSS). The non-repetitive strains isolated from lower respiratory tract and blood samples in 91 hospitals from seven geographic regions of CARSS were reviewed. The distribution of specimen type, hospital level (secondary and tertiary hospital), patient age group [geriatric (>65 years old), adult (15 to 65 years old), pediatric (28 days to 14 years old ) and newborn group (≤28 days)] and ward type (respiratory intensive care unit and general respiratory ward) were analyzed for MRSA, PRSP, CREC, CRKP, CRPA, CRAB, ESBL-EC and ESBL-KP...

OBJECTIVES: Auditory neuropathy (AN) is a clinical disorder characterized by the absence of auditory brainstem response and presence of otoacoustic emissions. A gradual loss of otoacoustic emissions has been reported for some cases of AN. Such cases could be diagnosed as cochlear hearing loss and lead to misunderstanding of the pathology when patients first visit clinics after the loss of otoacoustic emissions. The purpose of this study was to investigate the time course of changes in distortion product otoacoustic emissions (DPOAEs) in association with patients' genetic and clinical backgrounds, including the use of hearing aids...

BACKGROUND: Refrigerated red blood cell (RBC) storage results in the progressive accumulation of biochemical and morphological alterations collectively referred to as the storage lesion. Storage-induced metabolic alterations can be in part reversed by rejuvenation practices. However, rejuvenation requires an incubation step of RBCs for 1 hour at 37°C, limiting the practicality of providing "on-demand," rejuvenated RBCs. We tested the hypothesis that the addition of rejuvenation solution early in storage as an adjunct additive solution would prevent-in a time window consistent with the average age of units transfused to sickle cell recipients at Duke (15 days)-many of the adverse biochemical changes that can be reversed via standard rejuvenation, while obviating the incubation step...

PURPOSE: Children's interstitial lung disease (chILD) is often associated with multiple burdens and chronic impairment of health-related quality of life. Patient reported outcomes describe the patients' perspective on medical conditions and their treatments. We aimed to develop and evaluate the psychometric properties of a chILD-specific PRO (chILD-QoL) as an instrument for monitoring the patients' health status. METHODS: Items were generated through focus groups with parents, patients, and interviews with pediatric pulmonologists...

BACKGROUND: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is associated with serious micro-vascular and macrovascular complications. Osteopontin (OPN) has emerged as a strong predictor of incipient diabetic nephropathy and a first-ever cardiovascular event in adults with T1DM. OPN is linked to coronary atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes. AIM: To test the hypothesis that OPN could be a potential marker for micro-vascular complications in children and adolescents with T1DM and we assessed its relation to carotid and aortic intima media thickness (CIMT and AIMT) as non-invasive index for subclinical atherosclerosis...

Background: Medical advances continue to improve morbidity and mortality of serious pediatric diseases, including cancer, driving research addressing diminished physical and psychological quality of life in children with these chronic conditions. Empowerment enhances resilience and positively influences health, disease, and therapy understanding. We describe the development and usability assessment of a prototype Empower Stars! mobile video game grounded in behavioral and exercise theories with the purpose of coupling physical exercise with empowerment over disease in children with cancer...

Introduction: Healthcare providers play an integral role in breastfeeding education and subsequent practices; however, the education and support provided to patients may differ by type of provider. The current study aims to evaluate the association between type of birth attendant and breastfeeding duration. Methods: Data from the prospective longitudinal study, Infant Feeding Practices Survey II, was analyzed. Breastfeeding duration and exclusive breastfeeding duration were defined using the American Academy of Pediatrics' national recommendations...

Pediatric acute-onset neuropsychiatric syndrome (PANS) and pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorders associated with streptococcal infections syndrome (PANDAS) are conditions that impair brain normal neurologic function, resulting in the sudden onset of tics, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and other behavioral symptoms. Recent studies have emphasized the crosstalk between gut and brain, highlighting how gut composition can influence behavior and brain functions. Thus, the present study investigates the relationship between PANS/PANDAS and gut microbiota ecology...

OBJECTIVES: To investigate exposures to liquid nicotine (including electronic cigarette devices and liquids) among children <6 years old in the United States and evaluate the impact of legislation requiring child-resistant packaging for liquid nicotine containers. METHODS: Liquid nicotine exposure data from the National Poison Data System for January 2012 through April 2017 were analyzed. RESULTS: There were 8269 liquid nicotine exposures among children <6 years old reported to US poison control centers during the study period...

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study is to clarify the source distribution patterns of magnetoencephalographic spikes correlated with postsurgical seizure-free outcome in pediatric patients with focal cortical dysplasia. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Thirty-two patients with pathologically confirmed focal cortical dysplasia were divided into seizure-free and seizure-persistent groups according to their surgical outcomes based on Engel classification. In each patient, presurgical magnetoencephalography was reviewed...

The Fontan procedure has transformed the lives of children born with single-ventricle physiology, previously deemed inoperable. Worldwide, there are an increasing number of children with Fontan circulation, with the potential for survival into adulthood. Due to the abnormal circulation, Fontan patients have an increased risk of thromboembolic (TE) events, with up to 25% of events leading to death. Despite the importance of preventing TE events in this patient population, there is currently no clinical consensus on the optimal monitoring, thromboprophylaxis therapies, and treatment of these events...

BACKGROUND: Colchicine ingestion is rare but highly lethal. Patients usually die of multiorgan failure and cardiogenic shock. Colchicine is not only associated with depressed myocardial function but also with fatal heart rhythm disturbances, such as complete heart block, ventricular tachycardia, and asystole. While histologic changes of myocytes are well known, the mechanism by which colchicine affects cardiac impulse generation and conduction is not fully understood. CASE REPORT: We present a case of colchicine ingestion with sinus bradycardia, marked sinus arrhythmia, and first- and second-degree heart block...

Noninvasive brain stimulation refers to a set of technologies and techniques with which to modulate the excitability of the brain via transcranial stimulation. Two major modalities of noninvasive brain stimulation are transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) and transcranial current stimulation. Six TMS devices now have approved uses by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration and are used in clinical practice: five for treating medication refractory depression and the sixth for presurgical mapping of motor and speech areas...

Congenital scoliosis, a commonly seen disease occurring in children, can not only affect the growth, but also can uglify the individual which can severely affect the health and quality of life of children. To investigate the efficacy of posterior hemivertebra resection in combination with screw rod internal fixation in the treatment of congenital hemivertebra scoliosis, 115 patients were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group. Patients in the observation group were treated by posterior hemivertebra resection in combination with screw rod internal fixation, while patients in the control group were treated by posterior hemivertebra resection only...

Eczema, a common pediatric dermatosis with unclear pathogenesis, can seriously affect the life quality of children due to its recurrence and long course. Recent study has found that food specific IgG (sIgG) might be involved in the course of eczema. To analyze the correlation between childhood eczema and sIgG and evaluate the role of avoiding taking intolerance food in the treatment of childhood eczema, this study enrolled 216 children with eczema who were admitted to the Taian Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Shandong, China, between August 2014 and October 2015...

In total, 158 chemotherapy courses containing cisplatin for 37 pediatric cases of newly diagnosed cancer were divided into 2 groups depending on whether magnesium (Mg) supplementation was administered (Mg+: 92 courses) or not (Mg-: 66 courses). Renal impairment was defined as grade 2 or higher creatinine elevation (CE) after each chemotherapy course. The incidence of CE in the Mg+ was significantly lower than in the Mg- (9.8% vs. 22.7%; P=0.025). Multivariate analysis revealed that Mg supplementation significantly reduced the incidence of CE (odds ratio, 0...

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Historically, the standard of care for patients with an acute patella dislocation has been non-operative with the exception being those with a loose body or osteochondral fracture requiring fixation or removal. RECENT FINDINGS: Recent literature has brought into question this standard of care approach and defined a higher risk subset of first-time dislocators who may benefit from early operative treatment. In addition, these studies suggest that operative treatment not only reduces the risk of recurrence but may improve outcomes overall and specifically in the pediatric population...

Objective: Neonatal sepsis is associated with abnormal neurodevelopmental outcomes but not with poor growth at 9 to 15 months of corrected age in LBW infants. Design Setting and Participants: This is a prospective cohort study involving 128 eligible preterm low-birth-weight (LBW) infants admitted during the period of 2013-2014 to the Durgabai Deshmukh Hospital and Research Center. All patients were followed up in the outpatient Department of Pediatrics. They were divided into the sepsis and nonsepsis group...