Nutrition, performance, health

Citrus fruits are a diverse and economically important group of fruit crops known for their distinctive flavors and high nutritional value. Their cultivation and consumption contribute significantly to the global agricultural economy and offer a wide range of health benefits. Among the genetic diversity of citrus species, Citrus x limon (L.) Osbeck is particularly relevant due to its chemical composition and potential health benefits. Two cultivars from the Sicily region (southern Italy) were compared for their phenolic content and preliminary antioxidant activity to select the distinctive extract with potential biological activity...

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate whether the combination of abnormal systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) levels and hyperglycemia increased the risk of cognitive function decline and reduced survival rate in the United States. METHODS: This cross-sectional study used data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database from 2011-2014 and enrolled 1,447 participants aged 60 years or older. Restricted cubic splines (RCS), linear regression and kaplan-meier(KM) curve were employed to explore the combined effects of abnormal SII and hyperglycemia on cognitive function and survival rate, and subgroup analysis was also conducted...

BACKGROUND: Osteosarcopenia is a common condition characterized by the loss of both bone and muscle mass, which can lead to an increased risk of fractures and disability in older adults. The study aimed to elucidate the response of various mouse strains to treatment with Rg3, one of the leading ginsenosides, on musculoskeletal traits and immune function, and their correlation. METHODS: Six Collaborative Cross (CC) founder strains induced muscle atrophy and bone loss with dexamethasone (15 mg/kg) treatment for 1 month, and half of the mice for each strain were orally administered Rg3 (20 mg/kg)...

BACKGROUND: In underdeveloped nations like Ethiopia, severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is one of the most pressing public health issues. Despite efforts to pinpoint the causes of SAM, the impact of parents' drug usage on their children's nutritional status remains unclear and unresolved. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this research was to determine the risk factors for SAM in children under five who were attending medical facilities in the Leqa Dulacha district. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A health facility-based case-control study was carried out from March 1 to July 30, 2022, with 256 children under the age of five...

BACKGROUND: Adequate energy and nutrient intakes in athletes contribute to optimal performance and recovery, decrease the risk of injury, and help preserve athletes' health. The Mediterranean diet (MD) is considered suitable for covering the nutritional needs of athletes, while contributing to improve eating habits. The aim of the present study was to investigate the energy and nutrient intakes of semi-professional female soccer players and their adherence to the MD, during the competitive season...

The migration of federal assistance services to online platforms during the COVID-19 pandemic sparked interest in digital nutrition education for individuals participating in the Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) and Special Supplemental Nutrition Program for Women, Infants, and Children (WIC) programs. With federal government investing in the modernization of the nutrition education components of both programs, there is a need to identify science-backed electronic health (e-health) dietary interventions to improve health outcomes in this population...

BACKGROUND: The globe has been working to promote a multi-domain lifestyle intervention for dementia prevention in older adults, referring to the Worldwide-FINGERS (Finnish Geriatric Intervention Study to Prevent Cognitive Impairment and Disability) initiative. In China, the multi-domain lifestyle intervention has been implemented in rural communities (MIND-China), yet the adaptability of such intervention based on the urban communities in China has not been verified. OBJECTIVE: To examine the effectiveness and feasibility of the multi-domain lifestyle intervention on dementia prevention in at-risk community-dwelling older adults in China...

Frailty is a condition that is frequently observed among patients performing dialysis. It is characterised by a decline in both physiological and cognitive state, leading to a combination of symptoms such as weight loss, exhaustion, low physical activity, weakness, and slow walking speed. Frail patients not only experience a poor quality of life, but they are also at a higher risk of hospitalization, infection, cardiovascular events, dialysis-associated complications, and death. Frailty occurs as a result of a combination and interaction of various medical issues in patients who are on dialysis...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: The association of blood transfusion with an increase in medium- and short-term mortality in specific populations has been confirmed. However, the correlation between blood transfusion and long-term mortality in the general population remains unclear. This cohort study evaluated the correlation between blood transfusion and overall and cause-specific mortality in the general American adult population. METHODS: The authors utilized 10 sets of 2-year cycle data (1999-2018) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey on the outcomes of adults who did and did not receive blood transfusions...

BACKGROUND: Infant formulas, pediatric and adult nutritional products are being fortified with bovine lactoferrin (bLF) due to its beneficial impacts on immune development and gut health. Lactoferrin supplementation into these products requires an analytical method to accurately quantify the concentrations of bLF to meet global regulatory and quality standards. OBJECTIVE: To develop and validate a lactoferrin method capable of meeting the AOAC Standard Method Performance Requirements (SMPR requirements 2020...

BACKGROUND: Xylanase and β-glucanase combination (XG) hydrolyzes soluble non-starch polysaccharides that are anti-nutritional compounds. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of increasing levels of XG on intestinal health and growth performance of nursery pigs. METHODS: Forty pigs (6.5 ± 0.4 kg) were assigned to 5 dietary treatments and fed for 35 d in 3 phases (11, 9, and 15 d, respectively). Basal diets mainly included corn, soybean meal, and corn distiller's dried grains with solubles, contained phytase (750 FTU/kg), and were supplemented with 5 levels of XG at (1) 0, (2) 280 TXU/kg xylanase and 125 TGU/kg β-glucanase, (3) 560 and 250, (4) 840 and 375, or (5) 1,120 and 500, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Limited data regarding the correlation between oxidative balance score (OBS) and hyperuricemia highlights the necessity for thorough investigations. This study aims to examine the link between OBS, which incorporates dietary and lifestyle factors, and the occurrence of hyperuricemia. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional study involving 13,636 participants from the 2007-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The oxidative balance score (OBS) was determined based on four lifestyle factors and sixteen dietary nutrients...

BACKGROUND: The association between magnesium status and sleep quality is unclear. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between renal reabsorption-related magnesium depletion score (MDS) and sleep quality. METHODS: This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey of adults aged ≥20 years who participated in NHANES 2005-2014. We used weighted logistic regression to examine the association between MDS and sleep quality and performed trend tests to analyze for the presence of a dose-response relationship...

Twenty Saanen third parturition dairy goats were used in an on-farm 2 × 2 factorial arrangement that ran for 12 weeks, with two grazing regimes and two concentrate types. The grazing regimes evaluated were an extensive silvopastoral native rangeland (SPR) and grazing in an abandoned agricultural land (AAL). Grazing happened between 9:00 and 17:00 h. The two types of concentrate supplement were a high protein concentrate (HP = 180 g CP/kg DM and 13 MJ ME/kg DM) or high energy concentrate (HE = 110  g CP/kg DM and 14...

BACKGROUND: Early initiation of breastfeeding (EIBF) is a starting point that lays the foundation for breastfeeding and bonding between mother and baby. Meanwhile, working mothers are one of the vulnerable groups for the success of exclusive breastfeeding (EBF). The study analyzed the role of EIBF on EBF among Indonesian working mothers. METHODS: The cross-sectional study examined secondary data from the 2021 Indonesian National Nutritional Status Survey. The study analyzed 4,003 respondents...

AIMS: The findings from previous epidemiological studies of the association between regional body fat and depressive symptoms have been unclear. We aimed to determine the association between the body fat in different regions and depressive symptoms based on data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). METHODS: This study included 3393 participants aged ≥ 20 years from the NHANES performed during 2011-2018. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire-9...

BACKGROUND: There are few resources available for researchers aiming to conduct 24-h dietary record and recall analysis using R. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to develop DietDiveR, which is a toolkit of functions written in R for the analysis of recall or record data collected with the Automated Self-Administered 24-h Dietary Assessment Tool or 2-d 24-h dietary recall data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). The R functions are intended for food and nutrition researchers who are not computational experts...

INTRODUCTION: The negative impact of unmanaged psychological distress on quality of life and outcome in breast cancer survivors has been demonstrated. Fortunately, studies indicate that distress can effectively be addressed and even prevented using evidence-based interventions. In Germany prescription-based mobile health apps, known as DiGAs (digital health applications), that are fully reimbursed by health insurances, were introduced in 2020. In this study, the effectiveness of an approved breast cancer DiGA was investigated: The personalized coaching app PINK! Coach supports and accompanies breast cancer patients during therapy and follow-up...

INTRODUCTION: Nutrient profiling (NP) models designed to evaluate the healthfulness of plant-based foods ought to incorporate bioactive phytochemicals. Herbs and spices are one food group of current interest. METHODS: Two new versions of the well-established Nutrient Rich Food (NRF) index were applied to spices, herbs, vegetables, fruit, and other plant-based foods. Analyses used the US Department of Agriculture (USDA) SR-28 nutrient composition database merged with the USDA Expanded Flavonoid database 3...

The quality of meal-oriented support for people with intellectual disabilities is important for their health. The aim of the present study was to explore the experiences of meal-oriented support and diet counselling for adults with intellectual disabilities living in supported housing, from the perspective of housing staff and mothers. Five focus group interviews, including nine supporting staff members and nine mothers, were conducted. The interviews were analyzed using systematic text condensation. Five themes appeared; Extensive needs of the individual, Staff skills determine the food intake, Informal caregivers make up for shortage of support, Effective collaboration with a registered dietitian is needed and Responsibility of the organization state that professionalization of staff is needed...