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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth M Berrigan, Lin Wang, Hannah Carrillo, Kimberly Echegoyen, Mikayla Kappes, Jorge Torres, Angel Ai-Perreira, Erica McCoy, Emily Shane, Charles D Copeland, Lauren Ragel, Charidimos Georgousakis, Sanghwa Lee, Dawn Reynolds, Avery Talgo, Juan Gonzalez, Ling Zhang, Ashish B Rajurkar, Michel Ruiz, Erin Daniels, Liezl Maree, Shree Pariyar, Wolfgang Busch, Talmo D Pereira
Image segmentation is commonly used to estimate the location and shape of plants and their external structures. Segmentation masks are then used to localize landmarks of interest and compute other geometric features that correspond to the plant's phenotype. Despite its prevalence, segmentation-based approaches are laborious (requiring extensive annotation to train) and error-prone (derived geometric features are sensitive to instance mask integrity). Here, we present a segmentation-free approach that leverages deep learning-based landmark detection and grouping, also known as pose estimation...
2024: Plant phenomics: a science partner journal
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuri Jang, Juyoung Park, Min-Kyoung Rhee, Hi-Woo Lee, Nan Sook Park, Yeonwoo Kim, Soondool Chung, Miyong T Kim
Using data from Korean-American residents ( N = 343) in subsidized senior housing in the Los Angeles area, we examined the effect of peer bullying on mental health. About 18% of the sample had been a target of bullying, and over 31% had witnessed someone being bullied. Being a target of bullying was a significant predictor for both depressive symptoms and anxiety, whereas witnessing other residents being bullied was a significant predictor for anxiety only. Findings shed light on the adverse mental health impacts of peer bullying among ethnic minority older residents in senior housing...
April 16, 2024: Journal of Gerontological Social Work
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaying Li, Daniel Yee Tak Fong, Kris Yuet Wan Lok, Janet Yuen Ha Wong, Mandy Man Ho, Edmond Pui Hang Choi, Vinciya Pandian, Patricia M Davidson, Wenjie Duan, Marie Tarrant, Jung Jae Lee, Chia-Chin Lin, Oluwadamilare Akingbade, Khalid M Alabdulwahhab, Mohammad Shakil Ahmad, Mohamed Alboraie, Meshari A Alzahrani, Anil S Bilimale, Sawitree Boonpatcharanon, Samuel Byiringiro, Muhammad Kamil Che Hasan, Luisa Clausi Schettini, Walter Corzo, Josephine M De Leon, Anjanette S De Leon, Hiba Deek, Fabio Efficace, Mayssah A El Nayal, Fathiya El-Raey, Eduardo Ensaldo-Carrasco, Pilar Escotorin, Oluwadamilola Agnes Fadodun, Israel Opeyemi Fawole, Yong-Shian Shawn Goh, Devi Irawan, Naimah Ebrahim Khan, Binu Koirala, Ashish Krishna, Cannas Kwok, Tung Thanh Le, Daniela Giambruno Leal, Miguel Ángel Lezana-Fernández, Emery Manirambona, Leandro Cruz Mantoani, Fernando Meneses-González, Iman Elmahdi Mohamed, Madeleine Mukeshimana, Chinh Thi Minh Nguyen, Huong Thi Thanh Nguyen, Khanh Thi Nguyen, Son Truong Nguyen, Mohd Said Nurumal, Aimable Nzabonimana, Nagla Abdelrahim Mohamed Ahmed Omer, Oluwabunmi Ogungbe, Angela Chiu Yin Poon, Areli Reséndiz-Rodriguez, Busayasachee Puang-Ngern, Ceryl G Sagun, Riyaz Ahmed Shaik, Nikhil Gauri Shankar, Kathrin Sommer, Edgardo Toro, Hanh Thi Hong Tran, Elvira L Urgel, Emmanuel Uwiringiyimana, Tita Vanichbuncha, Naglaa Youssef
BACKGROUND: Central and bridge nodes can drive significant overall improvements within their respective networks. We aimed to identify them in 16 prevalent chronic diseases during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic to guide effective intervention strategies and appropriate resource allocation for most significant holistic lifestyle and health improvements. METHODS: We surveyed 16 512 adults from July 2020 to August 2021 in 30 territories. Participants self-reported their medical histories and the perceived impact of COVID-19 on 18 lifestyle factors and 13 health outcomes...
April 12, 2024: Journal of Global Health
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gina Agarwal, Janice Lee, Homa Keshavarz, Ricardo Angeles, Melissa Pirrie, Francine Marzanek
OBJECTIVE: This study describes cardiometabolic diseases and related risk factors in vulnerable older adults residing in social housing, aiming to inform primary care initiatives to reduce health inequities. Associations between sociodemographic variables, modifiable risk factors (clinical and behavioural), health-related quality of life and self-reported cardiometabolic diseases were investigated. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This was a cross-sectional study with an interviewer-administered questionnaire...
2024: PloS One
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paul T Enlow, Courtney Thomas, Angel Munoz Osorio, Marshala Lee, Jonathan M Miller, Lavisha Pelaez, Anne E Kazak, Thao-Ly T Phan
OBJECTIVE: To describe the process of engaging community, caregiver, and youth partners in codeveloping an intervention to promote equitable uptake of the COVID-19 vaccine in non-Hispanic Black (Black) and Hispanic youth who experience higher rates of COVID-19 transmission, morbidity, and mortality but were less likely to receive the COVID-19 vaccine. METHODS: A team of 11 Black and Hispanic community partners was assembled to codevelop intervention strategies with our interdisciplinary research team...
March 2024: Delaware journal of public health
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Antibody-Conjugated Nanogel with Two Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors for Enhanced Cancer Immunotherapy.
Yun Jin Chae, Kang-Gon Lee, Doogie Oh, Su-Kyoung Lee, Yongdoo Park, Jongseong Kim
Cancer immunotherapy by immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) acts on antitumor responses by stimulating the immune system to attack cancer cells. However, this powerful therapy is hampered by its high treatment cost and limited efficacy. Here, it is shown that the development of an Antibody-conjugated NanoGel (ANGel), consisting of N-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid and antibody-binding protein (protein A), that potentiates the efficacy of two ICI mAbs (CTLA-4 and PD-L1 mAbs). Compared with mAb treatment alone, treatment with a bispecific ANGel surface-conjugated with the mAbs significantly decreases both the survival of MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 breast cancer cells in vitro and the burden of 4T1-Luc2-derived orthotopic syngeneic tumors in vivo...
April 3, 2024: Advanced Healthcare Materials
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hwan-Hee Lee, Dong-Whan Suh, Jong-Hun Ji, Hyun-Sik Jun
BACKGROUND: There are few reports on the revision or reintervention of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA) in South Korea. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the true incidence of complications and reintervention of RTSA and clinical and radiological outcomes based on our 14-year experience in RTSA in a Korean population. METHODS: Between March 2008 and June 2022, 412 consecutive cases of RTSA were performed in 388 patients with an average age of 74...
April 2024: Clinics in Orthopedic Surgery
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ha Won Lee, Carla O'Reilly, Alex N Beckett, Duane G Currier, Taosheng Chen, Christopher DeRenzo
BACKGROUND: CAR T cell therapy is a promising approach to improve outcomes and decrease toxicities for patients with cancer. While extraordinary success has been achieved using CAR T cells to treat patients with CD19-positive malignancies, multiple obstacles have so far limited the benefit of CAR T cell therapy for patients with solid tumors. Novel manufacturing and engineering approaches show great promise to enhance CAR T cell function against solid tumors. However, similar to single agent chemotherapy approaches, CAR T cell monotherapy may be unable to achieve high cure rates for patients with difficult to treat solid tumors...
April 1, 2024: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Devin E Banks, Kate Ramm, Isabella Viducich, Quonta Beasley, Juan Barron, Elizabeth Lee Chen, Enricka Norwood-Scott, Kimberly Fuentes, Muyu Zhang, Arleen F Brown, Gail E Wyatt, Alison Hamilton, Tamra B Loeb
Black and Latinx people are disproportionately impacted by HIV, COVID-19, and other syndemic health crises with similar underlying social determinants of health. Lessons learned from the HIV pandemic and COVID-19 response have been invoked to improve health equity at the systemic level in the face of other emergent health crises. However, few have examined the potential translation of strategies between syndemics at the individual level. The current mixed-methods study examined strategies used to manage HIV during the COVID-19 pandemic and the extent to which they were helpful in managing COVID-19 vulnerability among Black and Latinx people living with HIV...
March 28, 2024: American Journal of Orthopsychiatry
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Di Xiong, Marvin Marcus, Carl A Maida, Yuetong Lyu, Ron D Hays, Yan Wang, Jie Shen, Vladimir W Spolsky, Steve Y Lee, James J Crall, Honghu Liu
OBJECTIVES: Surveys can assist in screening oral diseases in populations to enhance the early detection of disease and intervention strategies for children in need. This paper aims to develop short forms of child-report and proxy-report survey screening instruments for active dental caries and urgent treatment needs in school-age children. METHODS: This cross-sectional study recruited 497 distinct dyads of children aged 8-17 and their parents between 2015 to 2019 from 14 dental clinics and private practices in Los Angeles County...
2024: PloS One
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ya-Hsin Chou, Chemin Lin, Shwu-Hua Lee, Yen-Fen Lee, Li-Chen Cheng
BACKGROUND: To safeguard the most vulnerable individuals during the COVID-19 pandemic, numerous governments enforced measures such as stay-at-home orders, social distancing, and self-isolation. These social restrictions had a particularly negative effect on older adults, as they are more vulnerable and experience increased loneliness, which has various adverse effects, including increasing the risk of mental health problems and mortality. Chatbots can potentially reduce loneliness and provide companionship during a pandemic...
March 13, 2024: JMIR Formative Research
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RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Seung Jin Yoo, Hyunseong Kang, Byungsuk Kim, Chae Hyun Lee, Jungkook Song, Sungwook Choi
PURPOSE: This study aimed to compare the 5-year clinical and functional outcomes, including repaired tendon healing status, between early and delayed rehabilitation after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair METHODS: A total of 75 patients with rotator cuff tears (less than 5 cm) underwent arthroscopic repairs over a 60-month period. Participants were randomly assigned to early and delayed postoperative rehabilitation groups with distinct protocols. Clinical and functional outcome measures included Constant score, University of California at Los Angeles (UCLA) score, visual analogue scale for pain and isokinetic dynamometer test for muscle strength recovery...
April 2024: Knee Surgery, Sports Traumatology, Arthroscopy
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Itay Tokatly Latzer, Mariarita Bertoldi, Nenad Blau, Melissa L DiBacco, Sarah H Elsea, Àngels García-Cazorla, K Michael Gibson, Andrea L Gropman, Ellen Hanson, Carolyn Hoffman, Kathrin Jeltsch, Natalia Juliá-Palacios, Ina Knerr, Henry H C Lee, Patrizia Malaspina, Alice McConnell, Thomas Opladen, Mari Oppebøen, Alexander Rotenberg, Mark Walterfang, Lee Wang-Tso, Ron A Wevers, Jean-Baptiste Roullet, Phillip L Pearl
Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase deficiency (SSADHD) (OMIM #271980) is a rare autosomal recessive metabolic disorder caused by pathogenic variants of ALDH5A1. Deficiency of SSADH results in accumulation of γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) and other GABA-related metabolites. The clinical phenotype of SSADHD includes a broad spectrum of non-pathognomonic symptoms such as cognitive disabilities, communication and language deficits, movement disorders, epilepsy, sleep disturbances, attention problems, anxiety, and obsessive-compulsive traits...
March 4, 2024: Molecular Genetics and Metabolism
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Savanna L Carson, Francesca Cameron, Diamond Lee, Diana Zúñiga, Kelli Poole, Adjoa Jones, Cristina Herman, Mayra Ramirez, Simone Harlow, Jeannette Johnson, Etsemaye P Agonafer, Clemens S Hong, Arleen F Brown
BACKGROUND: To facilitate safety-net healthcare system partnerships with community social service providers, the Los Angeles County Department of Health Services (LAC DHS) created a new collaboration team to spur cross-agency social and medical referral networks and engage communities affected by health disparities as part of a Sect. 1115 Medicaid waiver in Los Angeles County entitled Whole Person Care-Los Angeles (WPC-LA). METHODS: This observational research reviews three years of collaboration team implementation (2018-2020) through Medicaid-reportable engagement reports, a collaboration team qualitative survey on challenges, facilitators, and recommendations for community engagement...
March 1, 2024: BMC Public Health
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sung Yong Park, Gina Faraci, Pamela Ward, Ha Youn Lee
Despite optimistic predictions on the eventual end of COVID-19 (Coronavirus Disease 2019), caution is necessary regarding the emergence of new variants to sustain a positive outlook and effectively address any potential future outbreaks. However, ongoing efforts to track COVID-19 variants are concentrated in developed countries and unique social practices and remote habitats of indigenous peoples present additional challenges. By combining small-sized equipment that is easily accessible and inexpensive, we performed SARS-CoV-2 (Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2) whole genome sequencing and measured the sample-to-answer time and accuracy of this portable variant tracking tool...
February 28, 2024: Journal of Clinical Microbiology
#16
Yiyi Ma, Dolly Reyes-Dumeyer, Angel Piriz, Patricia Recio, Diones Rivera Mejia, Martin Medrano, Rafael A Lantigua, Jean Paul G Vonsattel, Giuseppe Tosto, Andrew F Teich, Benjamin Ciener, Sandra Leskinen, Sharanya Sivakumar, Michael DeTure, Duara Ranjan, Dennis Dickson, Melissa Murray, Edward Lee, David A Wolk, Lee-Way Jin, Brittany N Dugger, Annie Hiniker, Robert A Rissman, Richard Mayeux, Badri N Vardarajan
BACKGROUND: Both genetic variants and epigenetic features contribute to the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We studied the AD association of CpG-related single nucleotide polymorphisms (CGS), which act as the hub of both the genetic and epigenetic effects, in Hispanics decedents and generalized the findings to Non-Hispanic Whites (NHW) decedents. METHODS: First, we derived the dosage of the CpG site-creating allele of multiple CGSes in each 1 KB window across the genome and we conducted a sliding window association test with clinical diagnosis of AD in 7,155 Hispanics (3,194 cases and 3,961 controls) using generalized linear mixed models with the adjustment of age, sex, population structure, genomic relationship matrix, and genotyping batches...
February 14, 2024: medRxiv
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dallas Swendeman, Mary Jane Rotheram-Borus, Elizabeth Mayfield Arnold, Maria Isabel Fernández, Walter Scott Comulada, Sung-Jae Lee, Manuel A Ocasio, Kelsey Ishimoto, William Gertsch, Naihua Duan, Cathy J Reback, Debra A Murphy, Katherine A Lewis
BACKGROUND: Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP), condom use, post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP), and sexual partner reduction help to prevent HIV acquisition but have low uptake among young people. We aimed to assess the efficacy of automated text messaging and monitoring, online peer support, and strengths-based telehealth coaching to improve uptake of and adherence to PrEP, condom use, and PEP among adolescents aged 12-24 years at risk of HIV acquisition in Los Angeles, CA, USA, and New Orleans, LA, USA...
March 2024: The Lancet. Digital health
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xueqing Wang, Alexandre Slater, Sarah C Lee, Neale Harrison, Naomi L Pollock, Saskia E Bakker, Stefano Navarro, Bernhard Nieswandt, Tim R Dafforn, Ángel García, Steve P Watson, Michael G Tomlinson
The collagen/fibrin(ogen) receptor, glycoprotein VI (GPVI), is a platelet activating receptor and a promising anti-thrombotic drug target. However, while agonist-induced GPVI clustering on platelet membranes has been shown to be essential for its activation, it is unknown if GPVI dimerisation represents a unique conformation for ligand binding. Current GPVI structures all contain only the two immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) domains in the GPVI extracellular region, so lacking the mucin-like stalk, transmembrane, cytoplasmic tail of GPVI and its associated Fc receptor γ (FcRγ) homodimer signalling chain, and provide contradictory insights into the mechanisms of GPVI dimerisation...
February 21, 2024: Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert Tamai, Lillian Dawit, Patrick Lee, Okeefe L Simmons, Li Ding, Liyun Yuan
BACKGROUND: Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MetS) have been implicated as rising risk factors for the development of colorectal cancers. A rapid increase in the prevalence of obesity and severe obesity among Hispanic patients in the United States may present substantially increased risk for advanced colorectal neoplasia in this population. Currently, there is very little research in this area. AIMS: We sought to identify metabolic risk factors for advanced adenomas (AA) in Hispanic Americans...
February 16, 2024: Digestive Diseases and Sciences
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haowen Tian, William Lee, Yuli Li, Morris J Dweck, Angel Mendoza, Patrick G Harran, K N Houk
Octafluorocyclopentene (OFCP) has found utility as a polyelectrophile in substitution cascades that form complex macrocyclic compounds. The Harran group synthesis of macrocyclic polypeptides depends on OFCP as a linker, combining with four different nucleophilic units of a polypeptide. We report a computational investigation of the origins of OFCP reactivity and a rationale for controlled mono-, di-, tri-, and tetrasubstitution of fluoride ions by heteroatomic nucleophiles. The roles of inductive, negative hyperconjugative, and resonance electron-donation by fluoride substituents are explored for the reaction of OFCP, less-fluorinated analogues, and common electrophilic alkenes with several different nucleophiles...
February 14, 2024: Journal of the American Chemical Society
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