Thoracic complications bone marrow transplant

OBJECTIVE: To report MRI spinal changes after surgical infusion of bone marrow stem cells (BMSc) in ALS patients and assess their correlation with clinical events and functional performance. METHODS: BMSc were surgically injected in the thoracic spinal cord of 11 ALS patients (6/5 male/female; median age 46years). We performed first-week and third, sixth, ninth and twelfth post-surgical months spinal MRIs. The spinal changes in the postsurgical week and follow-up MRIs, as well as clinical events, functional scales and respiratory and electromyography data, were longitudinally monitored...

Restenosis is a major complication of coronary angioplasty, at least partly due to the fact that the origin and identity of contributing cell types are not well understood. In this study, we have investigated whether pericyte-like cells or mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the adventitia contribute to restenosis. We demonstrate that while cells expressing the pericyte markers NG2, platelet-derived growth factor receptor β, and CD146 are rare in the adventitia of uninjured mouse femoral arteries, following injury their numbers strongly increase...

BACKGROUND: Although percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) is widely performed for nutrition or palliation, PEG-associated outcomes in cancer patients remain poorly described. We examined the safety and benefits of PEG placement in this population at our institution. STUDY DESIGN: A 5-year retrospective review of patients with malignancy (excluding head/neck and thoracic malignancy) who underwent PEG at our institution was performed. RESULTS: One hundred and eighty-nine patients with malignancy underwent PEG; 33...

STUDY DESIGN: Retrospective study. OBJECTIVE: To assess the clinical and radiographical outcomes in spinal fusion procedures using silicate-substituted calcium phosphate (Si-CaP). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Si-CaP is a newer-generation synthetic ceramic designed to maximize osteoinduction and osteoconduction. METHODS: This is a retrospective analysis of a prospectively collected patient database including 108 patients (204 individual spinal levels)...

BACKGROUND: In recent years, some studies were conducted to evaluate the effects of stem cells from different sources on patients with spinal cord injury (SCI). This study was carried out to evaluate the feasibility and therapeutic potential of autologous bone marrow cell (BMC) transplantation in 11 complete spinal cord injured patients at thoracic level. METHODS AND MATERIALS: This nonrandomized clinical trial compared the results of autologous BMC transplantation into cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) via lumbar puncture (LP) in 11 patients having complete SCI, with 20 patients as control group who received conventional treatment without BMC transplantation...

STUDY DESIGN: A systematic review. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the efficacy, safety, and outcomes of osteoconductive bone graft extenders (BGEs) compared with iliac crest bone graft (ICBG) in posterolateral thoracolumbar spinal fusion. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: ICBG is the current "gold standard" for achieving spinal arthrodesis. However, morbidity associated with its harvesting has led to the increased use of BGEs. METHODS: An electronic literature search was conducted through April 2011 using MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL, and Cochrane Library...

RATIONALE: Acute lung dysfunction of noninfectious etiology, known as idiopathic pneumonia syndrome (IPS), is a severe complication following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Several mouse models have been recently developed to determine the underlying causes of IPS. A cohesive interpretation of experimental data and their relationship to the findings of clinical research studies in humans is needed to better understand the basis for current and future clinical trials for the prevention/treatment of IPS...

BACKGROUND: Transfer of viable tissue flaps and thoracoplasty are effective against pleural space complications after pneumonectomy but highly disfiguring. The aim of this study was to explore the possibility of engineered tissue to treat space complications after pneumonectomy. METHODS: A left pneumonectomy was performed in mice, and the cavity immediately filled with the cellularized collagen matrices. First, bone marrow derived-mesenchymal stroma cells with luciferase expression were used as donor cells to evaluate cell viability and angiogenesis using bioluminescence imaging...

OBJECTIVE: Bronchial stump dehiscence is still the most feared complication for the thoracic surgeon, with mortality rates ranging from 25% to 75%. This study reports the histologic effect of adult stem cells in the healing process of the bronchial stump after lung resection. METHODS: A left pneumonectomy was performed in 36 Wistar rats. Half of them received previously labeled bone marrow-derived stem cells applied to the bronchial stump. In each group, 7 rats were sacrificed on day 7 and 11 rats were sacrificed on day 21...

STUDY DESIGN: Nonrandomized consecutive case series comparing interbody spine fusion with autograft versus bone marrow-based graft replacement (BGR). OBJECTIVES: Effectiveness of bone marrow-based graft versus rib autograft in achieving anterior interbody fusion of the thoracolumbar/lumbar spine. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: The use of bone marrow (BM) with graft materials was shown in a prior study to aid with bone regeneration. Limited clinical data are currently available to demonstrate the effectiveness of BM for spinal applications...

A 27-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of a persistent high fever since August 2007. Chest radiography showed infiltration shadows in the right lower lung field. Chest CT revealed scattered small nodular shadows and patchy consolidations in the right lower lobe. He was diagnosed as secondary pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (sPAP) associated with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), confirmed by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) and bone marrow aspiration. Sera were negative for anti-granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibody...

Nocardiosis is an infrequent disease that affects patients who display a cellular immunodeficiency, such as transplant recipients on immunosuppressive treatment, but uncommonly associated with high morbidity and mortality rates. Disseminated Nocardiosis affecting the central nervous system (CNS), abdomen, skin, and lungs has been described in bone marrow, lung, and kidney transplant recipients. However, to our knowledge, no cases involving all of these structures have been reported in liver transplant recipients...

OBJECTIVE: The use of flexible bronchoscopy (FOB) and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) in investigating pediatric patient with airway abnormalities and pulmonary infiltrates are indispensable and are now a routine procedure in many centers. Immunocompromised and cancer patients, especially after bone marrow transplantation, and children who have undergone surgery for congenital heart disease (CHD) are at high risk for pulmonary disease. Our aim was to study the diagnostic rate, safety, and clinical yield of FOB in critically ill pediatric patients...

Due to unacceptably high mortality, invasive fungal infections (IFI) have long been considered a contraindication against allogeneic stem cell transplantation. Despite severe immunosuppression an 11-year-old girl requiring allogeneic bone marrow transplant (BMT) for relapsed acute lymphoblastic leukemia was cured of a concurrent invasive pulmonary aspergillosis. Treatment comprised combinations of liposomal amphotericin B, caspofungin and voriconazole with donor granulocyte transfusions. This therapeutic regimen, including the choice of reduced intensity conditioning (RIC), allowed the patient to receive an allogeneic BMT...

The emergence of new antifungal compounds with alternative mechanisms of action and improved tolerability has opened up new therapeutic possibilities for the use of combined antifungal treatment in life-threatening systemic fungal infections. A case report of an 8-year-old allogeneic stem cell transplant recipient who developed a central venous catheter tunnel infection caused by Aspergillus flavus is presented here. In spite of conventional and subsequent liposomal amphotericin B therapy the infection progressed rapidly and the necrosis extended further to the thoracic wall, pleura and the right lung...

Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoid diseases that occur after solid organ and bone marrow transplantation. Lung-located PTLD has been reported in recipients of the heart, cord blood stem cells, lungs, and bone marrow transplants, but only four cases were reported previously after kidney transplantation. Thoracic location of PTLD must be regarded as an especially dangerous complication. The pathogenesis, and clinical and histological features of PTLD remain poorly defined but predisposing risk factors are becoming better understood...

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is an invasive extramedullary solid tumor composed of immature cells of the myeloid series. It complicates the clinical course of a minority of patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Traditionally its presence has been regarded as an indicator of aggressive disease. Currently, the optimal treatment of AML with concurrent MS remains to be determined. We report two cases of autologous bone marrow transplantation (auto-BMT) for AML with concurrent MS followed by a review of the literature...

Transplantation of bone marrow cells into the injured spinal cord has been found to improve neurologic functions in experimental animal studies. However, it is unclear whether bone marrow cells can similarly improve the neurologic functions of complete spinal cord injury (SCI) in human patients. To address this issue, we evaluated the therapeutic effects of autologous bone marrow cell transplantation (BMT) in conjunction with the administration of granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) in six complete SCI patients...

Bone marrow transplant recipients have increased prevalence of viral infections, including Herpes simplex pneumonia. The majority of infections are due to HSV type 1. We report the high-resolution CT findings in 3 bone marrow transplant patients with herpes simplex type 2 pneumonia. The most common CT features were focal areas of consolidation seen in 3 patients, and small centrilobular nodules and areas of ground-glass attenuation seen in 2 patients.

BACKGROUND: Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are rare complications following transplantation. Although organ-specific cases have been reported, primary presentation in the thoracic cavity has not been fully characterized. METHODS: Eleven cases of PTLD with a primary thoracic presentation were identified among 3,085 solid-organ transplant patients and 1,662 bone marrow transplant patients from 1990 to 2001. RESULTS: There were eight men and three women with a mean age of 49 years...