Ramipril

BACKGROUND: People who are transgender may utilize masculinizing or feminizing gender-affirming hormonal therapy. Testosterone and oestrogen receptors are expressed throughout the cardiovascular system, yet the effects of these therapies on cardiovascular risk and outcomes are largely unknown. We report the case of a young transgender man with no discernible cardiovascular risk factors presenting with an acute coronary syndrome. CASE SUMMARY: A 31-year-old transgender man utilizing intramuscular testosterone masculinizing gender-affirming hormonal therapy presented with central chest pain radiating to the left arm...

BACKGROUND: Although a growing number of observational studies suggest that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) intake may be a risk factor for psoriasis, evidence is still insufficient to draw definitive conclusions. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Drug-targeted Mendelian randomization (DTMR) was used to analyze the causality between genetic proxied ACEIs and psoriasis. Furthermore, we performed a disproportionality analysis based on the FDA adverse event reporting system (FAERS) database to identify more suspicious subclasses of ACEIs...

Diabetic cardiovascular complications are associated with up to 50% mortality, and current therapies are not effective enough. Renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system inhibitors (RAASis) are the standard of care for diabetic patients with hypertension and albuminuria. Based on our previous studies reporting the renoprotective effects of low-dose RAASis, here, we hypothesized that low-dose RAASi treatment has cardioprotective and antifibrotic benefits in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). After five weeks of T1DM, adult male Wistar rats received low doses of ramipril, losartan, or eplerenone for two weeks...

Co-existence of life style disorders, like, Diabetes or Hypertension, increases risk of, treatment failure, deaths and developing drug-resistant TB. Concomitant administration of drugs to treat dual/multi-morbidities may alter their effectiveness, in additive/synergistic or adverse/antagonistic manner. We evaluated interactive effect of 7 anti-hyperglycaemic (HG) and 6 anti-hypertensive (HT) drugs on the inhibitory (MICs) and bactericidal (% killing of intracellular bacilli) activities of anti-TB drugs, Isoniazid (INH), Rifampicin (RFM), Ethambutol (EMB) and Streptomycin (STR) against M...

Testis angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) plays a critical role in male fertility, but the mechanism is unknown. Sperm motility and fertilization depend on energy metabolism. By using ACE C-domain knockout (CKO) mice which lack tACE activity, we found that ATP in CKO sperm was 9.4-fold lower than WT sperm. Similarly, an ACE inhibitor (ACEi) reduced ATP production in mouse sperm by 72%. Metabolic profiling showed that tACE inactivation severely affects oxidative metabolism with decreases in several Krebs cycle intermediates including citric acid, cis-aconitic acid, NAD, α-ketoglutaric acid, succinate, and L-malic acid...

Influenza virus infection can cause severe respiratory disease and is estimated to cause millions of illnesses annually. Studies of the contribution of the innate immune response to influenza A virus (IAV) to viral pathogenesis may yield new antiviral strategies. Zebrafish larvae are useful models to study the innate immune response to pathogens, including IAV, in vivo . Here, we demonstrate how Color-flu, four fluorescent IAV strains originally developed for mice, can be used to study host-virus interactions by simultaneously monitoring virus particles, neutrophils, and macrophages in vivo ...

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has a great impact on both, physical and psychological wellbeing. The COVID-19 pandemic promoted increasing digitalization of the work environment and social isolation. This psychosocial stress in turn can induce physical distress with clinical manifestation. So can the changed work and social environment in the COVID-19 pandemic trigger acute cardiovascular disease? CASE DESCRIPTION: Here, we present a case of a 56-year-old postmenopausal woman suffering from Takotsubo cardiomyopathy (TTC) evoked by emotional stress during a virtual work meeting...

AIM: It is unknown whether safety and clinical endpoints by use of sacubitril/valsartan (an angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor [ARNI]) are affected by mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (MRA) in high-risk myocardial infarction (MI) patients. The aim of this study was to examine whether MRA modifies safety and clinical endpoints by use of sacubitril/valsartan in patients with a MI and left ventricular systolic dysfunction (LVSD) and/or pulmonary congestion. METHODS AND RESULTS: Patients (n = 5661) included in the PARADISE MI trial (Prospective ARNI vs...

PURPOSE: To identify associations between systemic drugs and the incidence of diabetic macular oedema (DME). Of interest was to find beneficial and/or deleterious associations of used drugs. METHODS: A historic cohort design based on administrative data. Study population consisted of 150 353 individuals with diabetes. Endpoint event was the development of DME (ICD-10 H36.01), censoring events were death or study end December 2017. The follow-up started between 1997 and 2010...

PURPOSE: Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a devastating complication of diabetes mellitus. Inflammation and histamine are potentially involved in the disease progression. This study aimed to evaluate the role of fexofenadine in patients with DKD. METHODS: From January 2020 to February 2022, out of 123 patients screened for eligibility, 61 patients completed the study. Patients were randomized into two groups, the fexofenadine group (n = 30): received ramipril plus fexofenadine, and the control group (n = 31): received ramipril only for six months...

BACKGROUND: A cardiovascular polypill containing generic drugs might facilitate sustained implementation of and adherence to evidence-based treatments, especially in resource-limited settings. However, the impact of a cardiovascular polypill in mitigating atherosclerotic risk among stroke survivors has not been assessed. We aimed to compare a polypill regimen with usual care on carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) regression after ischaemic stroke. METHODS: In SMAART, a phase 2 parallel, open-label, assessor-masked, randomised clinical trial, we randomly allocated individuals (aged ≥18 years) who had an ischaemic stroke within the previous 2 months, using a computer-generated randomisation sequence (1:1), to either a polypill or usual care group at a tertiary centre in Ghana...

RATIONALE & OBJECTIVE: Uromodulin (UMOD) is the most abundant protein found in urine and has emerged as a promising biomarker of tubule health. Circulating UMOD is also detectable, but at lower levels. We evaluated whether serum UMOD levels were associated with the risks of incident kidney failure with replacement therapy (KFRT) and mortality. STUDY DESIGN: Prospective cohort. SETTING & PARTICIPANTS: Participants in AASK (the African American Study of Kidney Disease and Hypertension) with available stored serum samples from the 0-, 12-, and 24-month visits for biomarker measurement...

BACKGROUND: Arterial hypertension is the most common cardiovascular comorbidity in atrial fibrillation (AF). Few studies investigated management strategies of hypertension in AF. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We included 5769 AF patients on oral anticoagulants from the nationwide ongoing Italian START registry. We investigated the prescription of antihypertensive drugs and mortality risk. Subgroup analyses according to sex and major cardiovascular comorbidities were performed...

As some of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS)-dependent mechanisms underlying the cognitive performance modulation could include oxidative balance alterations, in this study we aimed to describe some of the potential interactions between RAAS modulators (Losartan and Ramipril) and oxidative stress in a typical model of memory impairment. In this study, 48 white male Swiss mice were divided into six groups and received RAAS modulators (oral administration Ramipril 4 mg/kg, Losartan 20 mg/kg) and a muscarinic receptors inhibitor (intraperitoneal injection scopolamine, 0...

INTRODUCTION: Retrospective studies report that angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) may reduce the severity of COVID-19, but prospective data on de novo treatment with ACEIs are limited. The RAMIC trial was a randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled, double-blind, allocation-concealed clinical trial to examine the efficacy of de novo ramipril versus placebo for the treatment of COVID-19. METHODS: Eligible participants were aged 18 years and older with a confirmed diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 infection, recruited from urgent care clinics, emergency departments, and hospital inpatient wards at eight sites in the USA...

Background Studies demonstrated sex differences in outcomes following acute myocardial infarction, with women more likely to develop heart failure (HF). Sacubitril/valsartan has been shown to reduce cardiovascular death and HF hospitalizations in patients with HF with reduced ejection fraction. Methods and Results A total of 5661 patients (1363 women [24%]) with acute myocardial infarction complicated by reduced left ventricular ejection fraction (≤40%), pulmonary congestion, or both and ≥1 of 8 risk-augmenting factors were randomized to receive sacubitril/valsartan or ramipril...

OBJECTIVES OF THE ARTICLE: Liver cirrhosis is the end-stage liver disease associated with poor prognosis and cardiovascular comorbidity could significantly impact mortality of cirrhotic patients. We conducted a large, retrospective study to investigate the survival impact of cardiovascular co-medications in patients with liver cirrhosis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A study-specific R package was processed on the local databases of partner institutions within the Observational Health Data Sciences and Informatics consortium, namely Columbia University, New York City (NYC), USA and Ajou University School of Medicine (AUSOM), South Korea...

Microsponges are porous cross-linked polymers, which have the ability to load a wide range of pharmaceutical active ingredients. They are used topically for long-term treatment applications in addition to the oral route of administration. They are characterized by the efficient distribution of active ingredients, which are loaded at a low quantity to release the drug over longer periods of time by altering the release characteristics. The objective of this study was to develop a novel drug-delivery system that included ramipril microsponges...

Danon disease is an X-linked genetic disease resulting from LAMP2 mutations leading to defective lysosomal function. Heart failure is the main causes of morbidity and mortality. Mice with an LAMP2-exon-6-deletion (L2Δ6 ), develop cardiac hypertrophy followed by dilated cardiomyopathy, in association with accumulation of autophagosomes, fibrosis and oxidative stress. We investigated the effect of drugs used to treat heart failure and of LAMP2 gene therapy on the phenotype, molecular markers and ROS in LAMP2 cardiomyopathy...

Because of evident role of renin-angiotensin system in the etiology of rheumatoid arthritis, the current study's objective was to assess the anti-arthritic efficacy of ramipril through CFA-instigated arthritic model. The drug has been shown to have anti-inflammatory potential. CFA-instigated arthritic model assessed the anti-arthritic efficacy of ramipril by estimating different parameters, including paw volume, arthritic index scoring, haematological and biochemical attributes, histological and radiographic analyses, and various cytokines level...