keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38546752/prevalence-of-pretreatment-hiv-resistance-to-integrase-inhibitors-in-west-african-and-southeast-asian-countries
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Avelin F Aghokeng, Nicole Ngo-Giang-Huong, Thu H K Huynh, Anoumou Y Dagnra, Thomas D'Aquin Toni, Almoustapha I Maiga, Kania Dramane, Sabrina Eymard-Duvernay, Marie-Laure Chaix, Vincent Calvez, Diane Descamps
OBJECTIVES: Integrase strand transfer inhibitors (INSTIs) have been recently recommended as the preferred first-line option for antiretroviral treatment initiators in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in response to the growing circulation of resistant HIV to non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs). In this study, we estimated the frequency of pretreatment drug resistance (PDR) to INSTIs in West Africa and Southeast Asia. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Using samples collected from 2015 to 2016, and previously used to assessed PI, NRTI and NNRTI resistance, we generated HIV integrase sequences and identified relevant INSTI PDR mutations using the Stanford and ANRS algorithms...
March 28, 2024: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38544288/breaking-barriers-assessing-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-awareness-and-willingness-to-use-in-the-lebanese-community
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Akel Azzi, Carine Chartouni, Racha Ibrahim, Zeina Bou Chebel, Elie Haddad, Nabil Chehata, Jacques Choucair, Gebrael Saliba
BACKGROUND: In the evolving HIV landscape, the Middle East and Northern Africa (MENA) grapples with data gaps, hindering the 95-95-95 targets. Lebanon, despite progress, falls short. Our study addresses Pre-exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP) gaps for effective HIV prevention. METHODS: Surveying 410 participants via snowball sampling and an online questionnaire, we analyzed data with chi-square and regression over 5 months for insights into PrEP awareness and readiness...
March 27, 2024: International Journal of STD & AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38543509/female-genital-schistosomiasis-a-neglected-among-the-neglected-tropical-diseases
#3
REVIEW
Benedetta Rossi, Letizia Previtali, Martina Salvi, Roberta Gerami, Lina Rachele Tomasoni, Eugenia Quiros-Roldan
Schistosomiasis is a neglected parasitic disease linked to water, posing a global public health concern with a significant burden in sub-Saharan Africa. It is transmitted by Schistosoma spp., causing both acute and chronic effects affecting the urogenital or the hepato-intestinal system. Through granuloma formation, chronic schistosomiasis weakens host immunity, heightening susceptibility to coinfections. Notably, female genital schistosomiasis (FGS), a disregarded gynecological condition, adversely affects girls' and women's reproductive health and increases vulnerability to HIV...
February 24, 2024: Microorganisms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38540573/health-workers-responses-to-covid-19-pandemic-s-impact-on-service-delivery-to-adolescents-in-hiv-treatment-in-cape-town-south-africa-a-qualitative-study
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yolanda Mayman, Talitha Crowley, Brian van Wyk
Adolescents living with HIV (ALHIVs) are considered a priority population in the fight against HIV, requiring dedicated services. The COVID-19 pandemic and subsequent disruptions deprived ALHIVs on antiretroviral therapy (ART) of the care and social support essential for treatment adherence and positive treatment outcomes. This study describes health managers' and healthcare workers' responses to the impact of COVID-19 on service delivery to ALHIVs in HIV treatment in the Cape Town Metropole. A descriptive qualitative design was employed, where semi-structured individual interviews (n = 13) were conducted with senior and programme managers as well as healthcare workers between April and October 2023...
March 7, 2024: Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38539158/coverage-and-determinants-of-hiv-testing-and-counseling-services-among-mothers-attending-antenatal-care-in-sub-saharan-african-countries-a-multilevel-analysis
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Temam Beshir Raru, Bedasa Taye Merga, Alemayehu Deressa, Abdi Birhanu, Galana Mamo Ayana, Belay Negash, Mulugeta Gamachu, Addisu Alemu, Fila Ahmed Hassen, Ahmed Mohammed, Dawit Firdisa, Lemma Demissie Regassa
BACKGROUND: HIV/AIDS is one of the top global public health threats that causes significant cases, deaths, and socioeconomic impact. Even though both HIV testing and counseling are identified as essential HIV interventions during pregnancy, large population-representative data shows that service coverage and determinants are limited. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the coverage and determinants of HIV testing and counseling services among pregnant mothers attending antenatal care services in sub-Saharan African countries using different nationwide data...
March 27, 2024: BMC Public Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538754/supporting-re-engagement-with-hiv-services-after-treatment-interruption-in-south-africa-a-mixed-method-program-evaluation-of-msf-s-welcome-service
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kirsten D Arendse, Caroline Walker, Colin Pfaff, Keitumetse Lebelo, Tali Cassidy, Petros Isaakidis, Erin von der Heyden, Fareed Abdullah, Tom Ellman, Ingrid T Katz, Jonathan Euvrard, Claire M Keene
Psychosocial challenges impact patients' ability to remain on antiretroviral therapy lifelong, magnified by disorganized health-systems and healthcare worker (HCW) attitudes. To address this, Médecins Sans Frontières and the Department of Health developed the Welcome Service intervention, to provide person-centered care at re-engagement after HIV treatment interruption. Implemented in Khayelitsha, South Africa, between August 2020 and February 2021, the intervention aimed to reorganize triage, optimize clinical and counselling services and address HCW attitudes...
March 27, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538161/acceptability-and-tolerability-of-long-acting-injectable-cabotegravir-or-rilpivirine-in-the-first-cohort-of-virologically-suppressed-adolescents-living-with-hiv-impaact-2017-mocha-a-secondary-analysis-of-a-phase-1-2-multicentre-open-label-non-comparative-dose
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Jennifer Chapman, Rachel Ohrenschall, Katherine Calabrese, Kristin Baltrusaitis, Barbara Heckman, Dwight E Yin, Allison L Agwu, Conn Harrington, Rodica M Van Solingen-Ristea, Cynthia C McCoig, Adeola Adeyeye, Jared Kneebone, Vasiliki Chounta, Christiana Smith-Anderson, Andres Camacho-Gonzalez, Jessica D'Angelo, Allison Bearden, Herta Crauwels, Jenny Huang, Sarah Buisson, Ryan Milligan, Shawn Ward, Carolyn Bolton-Moore, Aditya H Gaur
BACKGROUND: Long-acting injectable cabotegravir and rilpivirine have demonstrated safety, acceptability, and efficacy in adults living with HIV-1. The IMPAACT 2017 study (MOCHA study) was the first to use these injectable formulations in adolescents (aged 12-17 years) living with HIV-1. Herein, we report acceptability and tolerability outcomes in cohort 1 of the study. METHODS: In this a secondary analysis of a phase 1/2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative dose-finding study, with continuation of pre-study oral combination antiretroviral treatment (ART), 55 adolescents living with HIV-1 were enrolled to receive sequential doses of either long-acting cabotegravir or rilpivirine and 52 received at least two injections...
April 2024: Lancet HIV
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38538160/safety-and-pharmacokinetics-of-oral-and-long-acting-injectable-cabotegravir-or-long-acting-injectable-rilpivirine-in-virologically-suppressed-adolescents-with-hiv-impaact-2017-mocha-a-phase-1-2-multicentre-open-label-non-comparative-dose-finding-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aditya H Gaur, Edmund V Capparelli, Katherine Calabrese, Kristin Baltrusaitis, Mark A Marzinke, Cynthia McCoig, Rodica M Van Solingen-Ristea, Sisinyana Ruth Mathiba, Adeola Adeyeye, John H Moye, Barbara Heckman, Elizabeth D Lowenthal, Shawn Ward, Ryan Milligan, Pearl Samson, Brookie M Best, Conn M Harrington, Susan L Ford, Jenny Huang, Herta Crauwels, Kati Vandermeulen, Allison L Agwu, Christiana Smith-Anderson, Andres Camacho-Gonzalez, Pradthana Ounchanum, Jared L Kneebone, Ellen Townley, Carolyn Bolton Moore
BACKGROUND: Combined intramuscular long-acting cabotegravir and long-acting rilpivirine constitute the first long-acting combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimen approved for adults with HIV. The goal of the IMPAACT 2017 study (MOCHA [More Options for Children and Adolescents]) was to assess the safety and pharmacokinetics of these drugs in adolescents. METHODS: In this phase 1/2, multicentre, open-label, non-comparative, dose-finding study, virologically suppressed adolescents (aged 12-17 years; weight ≥35 kg; BMI ≤31·5 kg/m2 ) with HIV-1 on daily oral ART were enrolled at 15 centres in four countries (Botswana, South Africa, Thailand, and the USA)...
April 2024: Lancet HIV
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536861/predictors-for-participation-in-mass-treatment-and-female-genital-schistosomiasis-re-investigation-and-the-effect-of-praziquantel-treatment-in-south-african-adolescents
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takalani Girly Nemungadi, Elisabeth Kleppa, Hashini Nilushika Galappaththi-Arachchige, Pavitra Pillay, Svein Gunnar Gundersen, Birgitte Jyding Vennervald, Patricia Doris Ndhlovu, Myra Taylor, Saloshni Naidoo, Eyrun Floerecke Kjetland
OBJECTIVE: Female Genital Schistosomiasis (FGS) causes intravaginal lesions and symptoms that could be mistaken for sexually transmitted diseases or cancer. In adults, FGS lesions [grainy sandy patches (GSP), homogenous yellow patches (HYP), abnormal blood vessels and rubbery papules] are refractory to treatment. The effect of treatment has never been explored in young women; it is unclear if gynaecological investigation will be possible in this young age group (16-23 years). We explored the predictors for accepting anti-schistosomal treatment and/or gynaecological reinvestigation in young women, and the effects of anti-schistosomal mass-treatment (praziquantel) on the clinical manifestations of FGS at an adolescent age...
March 27, 2024: PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535131/cardiometabolic-risk-profiles-of-adolescents-living-with-perinatally-acquired-hiv-in-south-africa
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leonore Greybe, Shaun Barnabas, Mark Cotton, Penelope Rose, Helena Rabie, Lisa Frigati
BACKGROUND: We assessed the Pathological Determinants of Atherosclerosis in Youth (PDAY) score and other potential cardiovascular disease risk factors in adolescents previously enrolled in the Children with HIV Early antiRetroviral (CHER) and International Maternal Pediatric Adolescent AIDS Clinical Trials Network P1060 clinical trials. METHODS: Coronary artery and abdominal aorta (AA) PDAY scores were calculated for 56 participants over 15 years of age using a weighted combination of dyslipidemia, cigarette smoking, hypertension, obesity, and hyperglycemia...
March 26, 2024: Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531241/primary-headache-disorders-among-people-living-with-hiv-in-lusaka-zambia
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Curi Kim, Mashina Chomba, Arnold Phiri, Sombo Fwoloshi, Cassidy W Claassen, Lottie Hachaambwa, Deanna Saylor
OBJECTIVE: We completed a cross-sectional survey study to determine headache prevalence and its association with HIV characteristics among people living with HIV (PLHIV) in Lusaka, Zambia. BACKGROUND: Headaches are common but their association with HIV status is unknown. METHODS: The HARDSHIP survey, a headache epidemiology questionnaire previously validated in Zambia, was distributed during a 3-month period to 3666 consecutive adult PLHIV attending routine clinic appointments at the Adult Infectious Diseases Centre at the University Teaching Hospital in Lusaka, Zambia...
March 21, 2024: Journal of the Neurological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530848/effects-of-injectable-contraception-with-depot-medroxyprogesterone-acetate-or-norethisterone-enanthate-on-estradiol-levels-and-menstrual-psychological-and-behavioral-measures-relevant-to-hiv-risk-the-which-randomized-trial
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mandisa Singata-Madliki, Jenni Smit, Mags Beksinska, Yusentha Balakrishna, Chanel Avenant, Ivana Beesham, Ishen Seocharan, Joanne Batting, Janet P Hapgood, G Justus Hofmeyr
BACKGROUND: Observational data suggest lower HIV risk with norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) than with depo-medroxyprogesterone acetate intramuscular (DMPA-IM) injectable contraceptives. If confirmed, a switch between these similar injectable methods would be programmatically feasible and could impact the trajectory of the HIV epidemic. We aimed in this paper to investigate the effects of DMPA-IM and NET-EN on estradiol levels, measures of depression and sexual activity and menstrual effects, relevant to HIV risk; and to ascertain whether these measures are associated with estradiol levels...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530745/hiv-infection-and-esophageal-cancer-in-sub-saharan-africa-a-comprehensive-meta-analysis
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gabriel Kamsu-Tchuente, Eugene J Ndebia
Africa hosts the highest burden of esophageal cancer (49%) and HIV (60%) worldwide. It is imperative to investigate the synergistic impact of these two diseases on African populations. This study conducted an exhaustive computerized search of databases, including Medline/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Scopus, Cochrane library, and African Journals Online, to identify eligible studies up to October 2023. HIV infection was the exposure, esophageal cancer risk was the outcome, and healthy subjects with no cancer history served as comparators...
2024: AIDS Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528395/factors-associated-with-vertical-transmission-of-hiv-in-the-western-cape-south-africa-a-retrospective-cohort-analysis
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kim Anderson, Emma Kalk, Alexa Heekes, Florence Phelanyane, Nisha Jacob, Andrew Boulle, Ushma Mehta, Reshma Kassanjee, Gayathri Sridhar, Leigh Ragone, Vani Vannappagari, Mary-Ann Davies
INTRODUCTION: Monitoring mother-infant pairs with HIV exposure is needed to assess the effectiveness of vertical transmission (VT) prevention programmes and progress towards VT elimination. METHODS: We used routinely collected data on infants with HIV exposure, born May 2018-April 2021 in the Western Cape, South Africa, with follow-up through mid-2022. We assessed the proportion of infants diagnosed with HIV at birth (≤7 days), 10 weeks (>1 to 14 weeks) and >14 weeks as proxies for intrauterine, intrapartum/early breastfeeding and late breastfeeding transmission, respectively...
March 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528370/satisfaction-with-service-delivery-among-hiv-treatment-clients-enrolled-in-differentiated-and-conventional-models-of-care-in-south-africa-a-baseline-survey
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Idah Mokhele, Amy Huber, Sydney Rosen, Jeanette L Kaiser, Nkgomeleng Lekodeba, Vinolia Ntjikelane, Cheryl Hendrickson, Nancy Scott, Sophie Pascoe
INTRODUCTION: Differentiated service delivery (DSD) models aim to increase the responsiveness of HIV treatment programmes to the individual needs of antiretroviral therapy (ART) clients to improve treatment outcomes and quality of life. Little is known about how DSD client experiences differ from conventional care. METHODS: From May to November 2021, we interviewed adult (≥18) ART clients at 21 primary clinics in four districts of South Africa. Participants were enrolled consecutively at routine visits and stratified into four groups: conventional care-not eligible for DSD (conventional-not-eligible); conventional care eligible for but not enrolled in DSD (conventional-not-enrolled); facility pickup point DSD model; and external pickup point DSD model...
March 2024: Journal of the International AIDS Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526641/depression-among-pregnant-and-breastfeeding-persons-participating-in-two-randomized-trials-of-the-dapivirine-vaginal-ring-and-oral-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep-in-malawi-south-africa-uganda-and-zimbabwe
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marie C D Stoner, Florence Mathebula, Natasha Sedze, Linly Seyama, Rebone Mohuba, Zayithwa Fabiano, Juliane Etima, Alinda Young, Rachel Scheckter, Ariane van der Straten, Jeanna Piper, Lisa Noguchi, Elizabeth T Montgomery, Iván C Balán
Depression is associated with lower adherence to oral pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) to prevent HIV, but data are not currently available on how depression may affect use of other HIV prevention methods including the dapivirine vaginal ring (DVR). We conducted a mixed methods study using data from the Microbicide Trials Network (MTN) 042/DELIVER (n = 558) and MTN-043/B-PROTECTED (n = 197) studies to describe the prevalence of depressive symptoms and explore how depressive symptoms may have influenced attitudes about use of the monthly DVR and once-daily oral PrEP tablet among pregnant and breastfeeding persons, respectively, in Malawi, South Africa, Uganda, and Zimbabwe...
March 25, 2024: AIDS and Behavior
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525642/treating-drug-resistant-tuberculosis-in-an-era-of-shorter-regimens-insights-from-rural-south-africa
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J-D K Lotz, J Porter, H Conradie, T Boyles, B Gaunt, S Dimanda, D Cort
BACKGROUND: Progressive interventions have recently improved programmatic outcomes in drug-resistant tuberculosis (DR-TB) care in South Africa (SA). Amidst these, a shorter regimen was introduced in 2017 with weak evidence, and has shown mixed results. Outcomes still fall short of national targets, and the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic has undermined progress to date. OBJECTIVES: To describe the outcomes of participants treated for DR-TB using a shorter, compared with a longer, regimen in a deeply rural SA setting, and to explore other factors affecting these outcomes...
November 6, 2023: South African Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525641/evaluation-of-the-impact-of-pepfar-transition-on-retention-in-care-in-south-africa-s-western-cape-province
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J Chiliza, R Laing, F G Feeley, A T Brennan
BACKGROUND: Research on the impact of the US President's Emergency Plan for AIDS Relief (PEPFAR) transition in South Africa (SA) in 2012 found varying results in retention in care (RIC) of people living with HIV (PLWH). OBJECTIVES: To investigate the factors that impacted RIC during the PEPFAR transition in Western Cape Province, SA, in 2012. METHODS: We used aggregate data from 61 facilities supported by four non-governmental organisations from 2007 to 2015...
December 31, 2023: South African Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525637/progress-towards-90-90-90-and-95-95-95-strategy-implementations-and-hiv-positivity-trends-in-the-city-of-johannesburg
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
J C Y Nyasulu, I Maposa
BACKGROUND: The 95-95-95 strategy implementation is a positive initiative for moving the HIV tide towards elimination, with a focus on addressing the huge inequalities in existence in access to HIV services. OBJECTIVES: To establish performance towards the 90-90-90 and 95-95-95 targets and trends in HIV positivity rates since strategy implementation rollout in the City of Johannesburg (CoJ), South Africa. METHODS: This was a descriptive study, part of the bigger quasi-experimental study using the monthly District Health Information System during the implementation and rollout of the 90-90-90 strategy...
December 31, 2023: South African Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525627/knowledge-attitudes-and-practices-of-oral-hiv-pre-exposure-prophylaxis-prep-among-healthcare-workers-in-the-ekurhuleni-district-south-africa
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
E Mahlare, E Ramutshila, A Musekiwa, L Kuonza, T Mabuto
BACKGROUND: Prevention of new HIV infections is crucial for controlling the HIV epidemic. Despite HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) being one of the highly effective approaches to preventing HIV, and being freely available through primary healthcare clinics (PHCs), the uptake of HIV PrEP in South Africa (SA) is low. OBJECTIVE: To understand knowledge, attitudes and practices (KAPs) of healthcare workers responsible for generating demand for HIV PrEP services, or identifying clients eligible for HIV PrEP services in PHCs in Ekurhuleni District, South Africa...
December 4, 2023: South African Medical Journal
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