keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38536170/reduced-aqueous-humor-outflow-pathway-arborization-in-childhood-glaucoma-eyes
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shikha Gupta, Xiaowei Zhang, Arnav Panigrahi, Shakha, Raymond Fang, Clemens A Strohmaier, Hao F Zhang, Robert N Weinreb, Viney Gupta, Alex S Huang
PURPOSE: To compare aqueous humor outflow (AHO) pathway patterns between eyes of childhood glaucoma patients and non-glaucomatous patients receiving cataract surgery. METHODS: Aqueous angiography was performed in childhood glaucoma eyes (n = 5) receiving glaucoma surgery and in pediatric (n = 1) and healthy adult (n = 5) eyes receiving cataract surgery. Indocyanine green (0.4%) was introduced into the anterior chamber, and AHO was imaged using an angiographic camera (SPECTRALIS HRA+OCT with Flex Module)...
March 1, 2024: Translational Vision Science & Technology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535839/evaluation-of-the-effect-of-a-recent-comparative-intradermal-tuberculin-test-on-the-humoral-diagnosis-of-paratuberculosis-using-serum-and-milk-samples-from-goats
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Velasco, Javier Ortega, Alberto Gómez-Buendía, Anna Grau, Marisol López, Julio Álvarez, Beatriz Romero, Lucía de Juan, Javier Bezos
Paratuberculosis (PTB) and tuberculosis (TB) are two mycobacterial diseases with a severe economic and health impact on domestic ruminants. The ante mortem diagnosis of PTB is hampered, among other factors, by the limited sensitivity of all the available diagnostic techniques. Since TB-infected goats subjected to the comparative intradermal tuberculin test (CITT) may experience a booster effect on their antibody titer and a potential enhancement to the sensitivity of humoral techniques for tuberculosis, in the present study we aimed to evaluate this diagnostic strategy on the humoral diagnosis of PTB in serum and milk samples collected from a caprine herd that was TB free and PTB infected...
February 28, 2024: Veterinary Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535567/inactivated-poliovirus-vaccine-recent-developments-and-the-tortuous-path-to-global-acceptance
#3
REVIEW
Roland W Sutter, Martin Eisenhawer, Natalia A Molodecky, Harish Verma, Hiromasa Okayasu
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine (IPV), available since 1955, became the first vaccine to be used to protect against poliomyelitis. While the immunogenicity of IPV to prevent paralytic poliomyelitis continues to be irrefutable, its requirement for strong containment (due to large quantities of live virus used in the manufacturing process), perceived lack of ability to induce intestinal mucosal immunity, high cost and increased complexity to administer compared to oral polio vaccine (OPV), have limited its use in the global efforts to eradicate poliomyelitis...
March 4, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535562/ovine-herpesvirus-2-glycoprotein-b-complementation-restores-infectivity-to-a-bovine-herpesvirus-4-gb-null-mutant
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniela D Moré, Katherine N Baker, Smriti Shringi, Reginaldo G Bastos, Donal O'Toole, Gaetano Donofrio, Cristina W Cunha
Ovine herpesvirus 2 (OvHV-2) and bovine herpesvirus 4 (BoHV-4) are gamma herpesviruses that belong to the genera Macavirus and Rhadinovirus , respectively. As with all herpesviruses, both OvHV-2 and BoHV-4 express glycoprotein B (gB), which plays an essential role in the infection of host cells. In that context, it has been demonstrated that a BoHV-4 gB-null mutant is unable to infect host cells. In this study, we used homologous recombination to insert OvHV-2 ORF 8, encoding gB, into the BoHV-4 gB-null mutant genome, creating a chimeric BoHV-4 virus carrying and expressing OvHV-2 gB (BoHV-4∆gB/OvHV-2-gB) that was infectious and able to replicate in vitro...
March 1, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535527/population-immunity-and-polio-eradication
#5
REVIEW
Paul E M Fine
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative made immense progress after its establishment in 1988 as a consequence of high coverage with various poliovirus vaccines in all populations of the world. Problems have arisen in recent years, however, related to security issues in some countries, to the circulation of vaccine-derived polioviruses, and to the recognition that individuals with certain immune deficiencies can remain infected and infectious for many months or years. As natural infection and different vaccines have different effects on the immune system, the patterns of humoral and mucosal immunity to polioviruses in the world today are complex but are crucial to the ultimate success of the eradication initiative...
February 20, 2024: Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535328/application-of-clinical-blood-metabogram-to-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petr G Lokhov, Elena E Balashova, Oxana P Trifonova, Dmitry L Maslov, Ekaterina A Shestakova, Marina V Shestakova, Ivan I Dedov
The clinical blood metabogram (CBM) was developed to match a tailored analysis of the blood metabolome to the time, cost, and reproducibility constraints of clinical laboratory testing. By analyzing the main blood metabolite groups, CBM offers clinically relevant information about the intake of low-molecular substances into the organism, humoral regulation, liver function, amino acid level, and the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The purpose of this work was to investigate the relevance of using the CBM in patients with diabetes mellitus...
March 18, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533876/lymph-node-targeting-mediated-by-albumin-hitchhiking-of-synthetic-tn-glycolipid-leads-to-robust-in-vivo-antibody-production
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keerthana Thekke Veettil, Narayanaswamy Jayaraman
Tn antigen is a tumor-associated carbohydrate antigen (TACA), which is present prominently on the tumor cell surfaces and attracts an interest in the vaccine development. In this work, we demonstrate that a synthetic Tn antigen carrying glycoconjugate forms complex with circulating albumin, delivers the antigen to lymph nodes and leads to efficient production of antibody against the antigen. Synthetic Tn antigen glycoconjugate, possessing DSPE-PEG2000 linker and lipophilic moieties, undergoes micellization in PBS buffer...
March 27, 2024: Advanced Healthcare Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533618/tertiary-lymphoid-organs-in-wild-boar-exposed-to-a-low-virulent-isolate-of-african-swine-fever-virus
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Néstor Porras, José M Sánchez-Vizcaíno, Antonio Rodríguez-Bertos, Aleksandra Kosowska, José Á Barasona
Despite the great interest in the development of a vaccine against African swine fever (ASF) in wild boar, the immunological mechanisms that induce animal protection are still unknown. For this purpose, tertiary lymphoid organs (TLOs) of wild boar were characterised and compared with mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues (MALTs) by histopathology, histomorphometry and immunohistochemistry (CD3, CD79, PAX5, LYVE1, fibronectin). In addition, real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and immunohistochemistry (p72) were used to evaluate the presence of ASF virus (ASFV) in blood and tissues samples, respectively...
December 2024: Veterinary Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533494/long-term-analysis-of-humoral-responses-and-spike-specific-t-cell-memory-to-omicron-variants-after-different-covid-19-vaccine-regimens
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chia-Lo Ho, Li-Chen Yen, Hong-Wei Huang, Chun-Chi Lu, Yi-Jen Hung, Ching-Len Liao, Chin-Mao Hung, Kuo-Chou Chiu
BACKGROUND: The emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants has raised concerns about the sustainability of vaccine-induced immunity. Little is known about the long-term humoral responses and spike-specific T cell memory to Omicron variants, with specific attention to BA.4/5, BQ.1.1, and XBB.1. METHODS: We assessed immune responses in 50 uninfected individuals who received varying three-dose vaccination combinations (2X AstraZeneca + 1X Moderna, 1X AstraZeneca + 2X Moderna, and 3X Moderna) against wild-type (WT) and Omicron variants at eight months post-vaccination...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533176/serum-and-vitreous-levels-of-placenta-growth-factor-in-diabetic-retinopathy-patients-correlation-with-disease-severity-and-optical-coherence-tomographic-parameters
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joana Mesquita, Fátima Milhano Santos, João Paulo Sousa, Sara Vaz-Pereira, Paulo Tavares-Ratado, Arminda Neves, Rita Mesquita, Cândida Teixeira Tomaz
Purpose The primary objective of this study was to compare placenta growth factor (PlGF) levels in the serum and vitreous of diabetic retinopathy (DR) patients to non-diabetic controls. Additionally, the study aimed to establish associations between serum and vitreous PlGF concentrations and to examine the correlation between vitreous PlGF in DR patients and morphological parameters. Methods This study included serum and vitreous samples from 38 patients, including 21 patients with DR and 17 non-diabetic controls...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532995/assessment-of-the-immune-interference-effects-of-multivalent-vaccine-for-influenza-epidemic-strain-in-2022-2023-and-evaluation-of-its-efficacy
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eulhae Ga, Jung-Ah Kang, Jaehyun Hwang, Suyun Moon, Jaeseok Choi, Eunseo Bae, Hyein Seol, Yubin Mun, Daesub Song, Dae Gwin Jeong, Woonsung Na
The various strains of influenza virus cause respiratory symptoms in humans every year and annual vaccinations are recommended. Due to its RNA-type genes and segmented state, it belongs to a virus that mutates frequently with antigenic drift and shift, giving rise to various strains. Each year, the World Health Organization identifies the epidemic strains and operates a global surveillance system to suggest the viral composition for the influenza vaccine. Influenza viruses, which have multiple viral strains, are produced in the format of multivalent vaccine...
March 30, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532491/non-specific-effects-of-inactivated-mycobacterium-bovis-oral-and-parenteral-treatment-in-a-rabbit-scabies-model
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosa Casais, Natalia Iglesias, Iker A Sevilla, Joseba M Garrido, Ana Balseiro, Mercedes Dominguez, Ramon A Juste
Tuberculosis BCG vaccination induced non-specific protective effects in humans led to postulate the concept of trained immunity (TRAIM) as an innate type of immune mechanism that triggered by a pathogen, protects against others. Killed vaccines have been considered not to be effective. However, field efficacy of a commercial vaccine against paratuberculosis, as well as of a recently developed M. bovis heat-inactivated vaccine (HIMB) prompted to test whether it could also induce TRAIM. To this, we used a sarcoptic mange rabbit model...
March 26, 2024: Veterinary Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529289/b-cell-intrinsic-regulation-of-antibody-mediated-immunity-by-histone-h2a-deubiquitinase-bap1
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Liang, HanChen Wang, Noé Seija, Yun Hsiao Lin, Lin Tze Tung, Javier M Di Noia, David Langlais, Anastasia Nijnik
INTRODUCTION: BAP1 is a deubiquitinase (DUB) of the Ubiquitin C-terminal Hydrolase (UCH) family that regulates gene expression and other cellular processes, through its direct catalytic activity on the repressive epigenetic mark histone H2AK119ub, as well as on several other substrates. BAP1 is also a highly important tumor suppressor, expressed and functional across many cell types and tissues. In recent work, we demonstrated a cell intrinsic role of BAP1 in the B cell lineage development in murine bone marrow, however the role of BAP1 in the regulation of B cell mediated humoral immune response has not been previously explored...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529283/vaccination-with-staphylococcal-protein-a-protects-mice-against-systemic-complications-of-skin-infection-recurrences
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrea Paola Mandelli, Greta Magri, Marco Tortoli, Stefania Torricelli, Donatello Laera, Fabio Bagnoli, Oretta Finco, Giuliano Bensi, Michela Brazzoli, Emiliano Chiarot
Skin and soft tissue infections (SSTIs) are the most common diseases caused by Staphylococcus aureus ( S. aureus ), which can progress to threatening conditions due to recurrences and systemic complications. Staphylococcal protein A (SpA) is an immunomodulator antigen of S. aureus , which allows bacterial evasion from the immune system by interfering with different types of immune responses to pathogen antigens. Immunization with SpA could potentially unmask the pathogen to the immune system, leading to the production of antibodies that can protect from a second encounter with S...
2024: Frontiers in Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528839/evaluation-of-the-effectiveness-and-safety-of-sequential-vaccination-with-inactivated-sars-cov-2-vaccine-and-ad5-ncov-booster-in-pediatric-liver-transplant-recipients
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhigang Zheng, Huimin Wu, Xiaowei Sun, Yefeng Lu, Yanyan Song, Yi Luo, Tao Zhou, Mingxuan Feng, Ping Wan, Jianjun Zhu, Nan Shen, Qing Cao, Ji Liang, Qiang Xia, Feng Xue
Amidst the COVID-19 pandemic, uncertainty persists among caregivers regarding the vaccination of pediatric liver transplant recipients (PLTRs). This study evaluates the immunogenicity and safety of COVID-19 vaccination in this vulnerable population. A cohort of 30 PLTRs underwent sequential vaccinations with an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccine followed by an Ad5-nCoV booster. We collected and analyzed blood samples pre-vaccination and four weeks post-vaccination to quantify antibody and IGRA (IFN-γ Release Assay) levels...
March 2024: Journal of Medical Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526341/development-and-validation-of-multiplex-assays-for-mouse-and-human-igg-and-iga-to-neisseria-gonorrhoeae-antigens
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erica L Stover, Marguerite B Little, Kristie L Connolly, Lixin Li, Robert A Nicholas, Aleksandra E Sikora, Ann E Jerse, Marcia M Hobbs, J Alex Duncan, Andrew N Macintyre
There is an urgent need for vaccines against Neisseria gonorrhoeae (Ng), the causative agent of gonorrhea. Vaccination with an outer-membrane vesicle (OMV)-based Neisseria meningitidis (Nm) vaccine provides some protection from Ng; however, the mechanisms underlying this cross-protection are unknown. To address this need, we developed multiplexed bead-based assays for the relative quantification of human and mouse IgG and IgA against Ng antigens. The assays were evaluated for analyte independence, dilutional linearity, specificity, sensitivity, intra- and inter-assay variability, and robustness to sample storage conditions...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526054/characterization-of-humoral-and-cellular-immunologic-responses-to-an-mrna-based-human-cytomegalovirus-vaccine-from-a-phase-1-trial-of-healthy-adults
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kai Wu, Yixuan Jacob Hou, Dan Makrinos, Runxia Liu, Alex Zhu, Matthew Koch, Wen-Han Yu, Yamuna D Paila, Sumana Chandramouli, Lori Panther, Carole Henry, Anthony DiPiazza, Andrea Carfi
mRNA-1647 is an investigational mRNA-based vaccine against cytomegalovirus (CMV) that contains sequences encoding the CMV proteins glycoprotein B and pentamer. Humoral and cellular immune responses were evaluated in blood samples collected from healthy CMV-seropositive and CMV-seronegative adults who participated in a phase 1 trial of a three-dose series of mRNA-1647 (NCT03382405). Neutralizing antibody (nAb) titers against fibroblast and epithelial cell infection in sera from CMV-seronegative mRNA-1647 recipients were higher than those in sera from control CMV-seropositive samples and remained elevated up to 12 months after dose 3...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Virology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525904/central-and-peripheral-mechanisms-underlying-postexercise-hypotension-a-scoping-review
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iedda A Brasil, José Cristiano P L Silva, Linda S Pescatello, Paulo Farinatti
Blood pressure (BP) reduction occurs after a single bout of exercise, referred to as postexercise hypotension (PEH). The clinical importance of PEH has been advocated owing to its potential contribution to chronic BP lowering, and as a predictor of responders to exercise training as an antihypertensive therapy. However, the mechanisms underlying PEH have not been well defined. This study undertook a scoping review of research on PEH mechanisms, as disclosed in literature reviews. We searched the PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Cumulated Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), Cochrane Library, and Sport Discus databases until January 2023 to locate 21 reviews - 13 narrative, four systematic with 102 primary trials, and four meta-analyses with 75 primary trials involving 1566 participants...
February 27, 2024: Journal of Hypertension
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525456/psychological-hardiness-personality-factors-and-coping-styles-in-male-patients-of-alcohol-dependence-syndrome
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vaibhav J Khadse, Harpreet Singh Dhillon, Shibu Sasidharan
BACKGROUND: Alcohol dependence syndrome (ADS) is a result of complex interplay between biological, psychological, and sociocultural factors. While the biological (genetic) factors remain non-modifiable, better understanding of individual hardiness, personality variables, and coping mechanisms can help us in better understanding and comprehensive management of the illness. METHODS: A cross-sectional comparative study was conducted at a tertiary care hospital. A total of 112 patients with ADS (test group) and 124 healthy age matched male controls were recruited from the same social milieu...
2024: Medical Journal, Armed Forces India
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523807/high-myopia-at-high-altitudes
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ta-Wei Wang, Ming-Kun Huang, Chih-Chun Hsu, Szu-Yang Jo, Yen-Kuang Lin, Chorng-Kuang How, Shih-Fen Tseng, Kong Chung, Ding-Kuo Chien, Wen-Han Chang, Yu-Hui Chiu
Background: Optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) increases significantly at high altitudes, and is associated with the presence and severity of acute mountain sickness (AMS). Exposure to hypobaria, hypoxia, and coldness when hiking also impacts intraocular pressure (IOP). To date, little is known about ocular physiological responses in trekkers with myopia at high altitudes. This study aimed to determine changes in the ONSD and IOP between participants with and without high myopia (HM) during hiking and to test whether these changes could predict symptoms of AMS...
2024: Frontiers in Physiology
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