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H T Horsdal, O Köhler-Forsberg, M E Benros, C Gasse
BACKGROUND: Mental disorders have been associated with increased levels of inflammatory markers, which can affect disease trajectories. We aimed to assess levels of C-reactive protein (CRP) and white blood cells (WBC) across individuals with schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and depression, and to investigate associations with subsequent psychiatric admission and mortality. METHODS: We identified all adults in the Central Denmark Region during 2000-2012 with a first diagnosis of schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, or depression and a baseline measurement of CRP and/or WBC count...
May 17, 2017: European Psychiatry: the Journal of the Association of European Psychiatrists
#2
Huilin Zhu, Jie Xu, Jiangxue Li, Hongjun Peng, Tingting Cai, Xinge Li, Shijing Wu, Wei Cao, Sailing He
BACKGROUND: Affective disorders (AD) have been conceptualized as neural network-level diseases. In this study, we utilized functional near infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) to investigate the spontaneous hemodynamic activities in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) of the AD patients with or without medications. METHODS: 42 optical channels were applied to cover the superior frontal gyrus (SFG), middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and inferior frontal gyrus (IFG), which constitute one of the most important affective networks of the brain...
June 17, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#3
Richard Morriss, Mohan Mudigonda, Peter Bartlett, Arun Chopra, Steven Jones
BACKGROUND: The Mental Capacity Act (2005) (MCA) provides a legal framework for advance planning for both health and welfare in England and Wales for people if they lose mental capacity, for example, through mania or severe depression. AIMS: To determine the proportion of people with bipolar disorder (BD) who utilise advance planning, their experience of using it and barriers to its implementation. METHODS: National survey of people with clinical diagnosis of BD of their knowledge, use and experience of the MCA...
June 23, 2017: Journal of Mental Health
#4
REVIEW
Margherita Barbuti, André F Carvalho, Cristiano A Köhler, Andrea Murru, Norma Verdolini, Giovanni Guiso, Ludovic Samalin, Michael Maes, Brendon Stubbs, Giulio Perugi, Eduard Vieta, Isabella Pacchiarotti
BACKGROUND: Accumulating evidence points to the pathophysiological relevance between immune dysfunction and mood disorders. High rates of thyroid dysfunction have been found in patients with bipolar disorder (BD), compared to the general population. A systematic review of the relationship between BD and thyroid autoimmunity was performed. METHODS: Pubmed, EMBASE and PsycINFO databases were searched up till January 28th, 2017. This review has been conducted according to the PRISMA statements...
June 13, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#5
So Young Kim, Hyung-Jong Kim, Eun-Kyu Park, Jiwon Joe, Songyong Sim, Hyo Geun Choi
OBJECTIVE: Hearing impairment is suggested to be associated with depression in the elderly. The present study evaluated the risk of depression after hearing impairment in all age groups matched by age, sex, income, and region of residence. METHODS: The Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service-National Patient Samples were collected for a period from 2002 to 2013. Hearing impairment was defined as a hearing threshold ≥ 60 dB in both ears or as ≥ 80 dB in one ear and ≥ 40 dB in one ear...
2017: PloS One
#6
Janna N Vrijsen, Camiel T van Amen, Bauke Koekkoek, Iris van Oostrom, Aart H Schene, Indira Tendolkar
BACKGROUND: Both childhood trauma and negative memory bias are associated with the onset and severity level of several psychiatric disorders, such as depression and anxiety disorders. Studies on these risk factors, however, generally use homogeneous noncomorbid samples. Hence, studies in naturalistic psychiatric samples are lacking. Moreover, we know little about the quantitative relationship between the frequency of traumatic childhood events, strength of memory bias and number of comorbid psychiatric disorders; the latter being an index of severity...
June 2017: Brain and Behavior
#7
George B Stefano, Radek Ptacek, Jiri Raboch, Richard M Kream
It is not surprising to find microbiome abnormalities present in psychiatric disorders such as depressive disorders, bipolar disorders, etc. Evolutionary pressure may provide an existential advantage to the host eukaryotic cells in that it survives in an extracellular environment containing non-self cells (e.g., bacteria). This phenomenon is both positive and negative, as with other intercellular processes. In this specific case, the phenomenal amount of information gained from combined bacterial genome could enhance communication between self and non-self cells...
June 21, 2017: Medical Science Monitor: International Medical Journal of Experimental and Clinical Research
#8
Anamarija Petek Erić, Ivan Erić, Mario Ćurković, Katarina Dodig-Ćurković, Kristina Kralik, Vlatka Kovač, Pavo Filaković
BACKGROUND: Suicide and mood disorders (especially major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar affective disorder (BD)) represent a significant global health burden. Major depressive disorder and bipolar affective disorder have been associated with increased risk for suicide. Some specific suicide risk factors might be found in underlying individual personality traits. Specific personality features may predispose an individual to mood disorders (MDD or BD) hence increased suicide risk...
June 2017: Psychiatria Danubina
#9
Konstantinos N Fountoulakis, Dina Popovic, Mariela Mosheva, Melina Siamouli, Katerina Moutou, Xenia Gonda
BACKGROUND: Schizophrenia (SZ) and bipolar disorder (BD) are traditionally distinguished on the basis of progressive deterioration and long-term outcome, but a more dimensional approach is warranted. There are limited data on the occurrence of manic symptoms in patients with schizophrenia. The aim of the current study was to search for patterns in the clinical symptomatology, which may suggest the presence of one or several mood disorders under the label of schizophrenia. SUBJECTS AND METHODS: Hundred-seventy-five patients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to DSM-5 were included in the study...
June 2017: Psychiatria Danubina
#10
Yuki Kageyama, Takaoki Kasahara, Masaki Kato, Shiho Sakai, Yasuhiko Deguchi, Munehide Tani, Kenji Kuroda, Kotaro Hattori, Sumiko Yoshida, Yuichi Goto, Toshihiko Kinoshita, Koki Inoue, Tadafumi Kato
BACKGROUND: Although inflammatory cytokines are established biomarkers of mood disorders, their molecular mechanism is not known. We hypothesized that circulating mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) contributes to inflammation and could be used as biomarkers. We investigated if circulating mtDNA level is associated with inflammatory cytokines and can be used as a biomarker of mood disorders. METHODS: Plasma mtDNA concentration was measured with real-time quantitative PCR targeting two regions of the mtDNA and plasma levels of four cytokines (GM-CSF, IL-2, IL-4, and IL-6) were measured with a multiplex immunoassay method in 109 patients with major depressive disorder (MDD)...
June 6, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#11
S H Witt, F Streit, M Jungkunz, J Frank, S Awasthi, C S Reinbold, J Treutlein, F Degenhardt, A J Forstner, S Heilmann-Heimbach, L Dietl, C E Schwarze, D Schendel, J Strohmaier, A Abdellaoui, R Adolfsson, T M Air, H Akil, M Alda, N Alliey-Rodriguez, O A Andreassen, G Babadjanova, N J Bass, M Bauer, B T Baune, F Bellivier, S Bergen, A Bethell, J M Biernacka, D H R Blackwood, M P Boks, D I Boomsma, A D Børglum, M Borrmann-Hassenbach, P Brennan, M Budde, H N Buttenschøn, E M Byrne, P Cervantes, T-K Clarke, N Craddock, C Cruceanu, D Curtis, P M Czerski, U Dannlowski, T Davis, E J C de Geus, A Di Florio, S Djurovic, E Domenici, H J Edenberg, B Etain, S B Fischer, L Forty, C Fraser, M A Frye, J M Fullerton, K Gade, E S Gershon, I Giegling, S D Gordon, K Gordon-Smith, H J Grabe, E K Green, T A Greenwood, M Grigoroiu-Serbanescu, J Guzman-Parra, L S Hall, M Hamshere, J Hauser, M Hautzinger, U Heilbronner, S Herms, S Hitturlingappa, P Hoffmann, P Holmans, J-J Hottenga, S Jamain, I Jones, L A Jones, A Juréus, R S Kahn, J Kammerer-Ciernioch, G Kirov, S Kittel-Schneider, S Kloiber, S V Knott, M Kogevinas, M Landén, M Leber, M Leboyer, Q S Li, J Lissowska, S Lucae, N G Martin, F Mayoral-Cleries, S L McElroy, A M McIntosh, J D McKay, A McQuillin, S E Medland, C M Middeldorp, Y Milaneschi, P B Mitchell, G W Montgomery, G Morken, O Mors, T W Mühleisen, B Müller-Myhsok, R M Myers, C M Nievergelt, J I Nurnberger, M C O'Donovan, L M O Loohuis, R Ophoff, L Oruc, M J Owen, S A Paciga, B W J H Penninx, A Perry, A Pfennig, J B Potash, M Preisig, A Reif, F Rivas, G A Rouleau, P R Schofield, T G Schulze, M Schwarz, L Scott, G C B Sinnamon, E A Stahl, J Strauss, G Turecki, S Van der Auwera, H Vedder, J B Vincent, G Willemsen, C C Witt, N R Wray, H S Xi, A Tadic, N Dahmen, B H Schott, S Cichon, M M Nöthen, S Ripke, A Mobascher, D Rujescu, K Lieb, S Roepke, C Schmahl, M Bohus, M Rietschel
Borderline personality disorder (BOR) is determined by environmental and genetic factors, and characterized by affective instability and impulsivity, diagnostic symptoms also observed in manic phases of bipolar disorder (BIP). Up to 20% of BIP patients show comorbidity with BOR. This report describes the first case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) of BOR, performed in one of the largest BOR patient samples worldwide. The focus of our analysis was (i) to detect genes and gene sets involved in BOR and (ii) to investigate the genetic overlap with BIP...
June 20, 2017: Translational Psychiatry
#12
Bernardo Dell'Osso, Matteo Vismara, Cristina Dobrea, Laura Cremaschi, Benedetta Grancini, Chiara Arici, Beatrice Benatti, Massimiliano Buoli, Terence A Ketter, A Carlo Altamura
Introduction Bipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, highly disabling condition associated with psychiatric/medical comorbidity and substantive morbidity, mortality, and suicide risks. In prior reports, varying parameters have been associated with suicide risk. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate sociodemographic and clinical variables characterizing Italian individuals with BD with versus without prior suicide attempt (PSA). METHODS: A sample of 362 Italian patients categorized as BD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM IV-TR) was assessed and divided in 2 subgroups: with and without PSA...
June 20, 2017: CNS Spectrums
#13
S Teng, P A Thomson, S McCarthy, M Kramer, S Muller, J Lihm, S Morris, D C Soares, W Hennah, S Harris, L M Camargo, V Malkov, A M McIntosh, J K Millar, D H Blackwood, K L Evans, I J Deary, D J Porteous, W R McCombie
Schizophrenia (SCZ), bipolar disorder (BD) and recurrent major depressive disorder (rMDD) are common psychiatric illnesses. All have been associated with lower cognitive ability, and show evidence of genetic overlap and substantial evidence of pleiotropy with cognitive function and neuroticism. Disrupted in schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein directly interacts with a large set of proteins (DISC1 Interactome) that are involved in brain development and signaling. Modulation of DISC1 expression alters the expression of a circumscribed set of genes (DISC1 Regulome) that are also implicated in brain biology and disorder...
June 20, 2017: Molecular Psychiatry
#14
Qisha Zhu, Jiawei Wang, Chanchan Shen, Hongying Fan, Bingren Zhang, Guorong Ma, Yanxia Lu, Wei Wang
BACKGROUND: Bipolar disorder types I (BD I) and II (BD II) might present different dysfunctions of the cortex and brainstem, as reflected by the second exteroceptive suppression period of temporalis muscle activity (ES2) under different stimuli of external emotions. METHODS: This study included 30 BD I and 20 BD II patients, and 40 healthy volunteers. All participants were invited to answer the Mood Disorder Questionnaire, the Hypomania Checklist-32, and the Plutchik-van Praag Depression inventory, as well as to undergo the ES2 test under external emotional-stimuli (emotional pictures plus sounds) of Disgust, Erotica, Fear, Happiness, and Sadness...
June 19, 2017: BMC Psychiatry
#15
Susan Hatters Friedman, Charmian Moller-Olsen, Chandni Prakash, Abigail North
Objective Despite many women suffering from psychosis in their childbearing years, limited data exist about the use of atypical antipsychotic agents in pregnancy. Atypical antipsychotic agents are often used to treat bipolar disorder, instead of lithium or valproate because of the known teratogenicity of those agents. As well, atypical antipsychotics are often prescribed in anxiety disorders and depression. This study sought to describe pregnancy outcomes for women prescribed atypical antipsychotics during pregnancy...
August 2016: International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine
#16
Sanna Löfman, Helinä Hakko, Arja Mainio, Pirkko Riipinen
The aim of this research was to study the role and trend of antidepressant use as a method of suicide in completed self-poisoning suicides in patients with affective disorders during a 23-year follow up period. The data consisted of 483 completed self-poisoning suicides from 1988 to 2011 in the province of Oulu in Northern Finland (286 men and 197 women). Of the self-poisoning victims, 26.9% (n=130) had hospital-treated unipolar depression and 3.1% (n=15) hospital-treated bipolar disorder. Further, 53.8% (n=70) of those with unipolar depression and 53...
May 21, 2017: Psychiatry Research
#17
Julia C Golden, John W Goethe, Stephen B Woolley
BACKGROUND: It is common for patients with bipolar disorder (BP) to receive multiple psychotropics, but few studies have assessed demographic and clinical features associated with risk for receiving complex psychotropic polypharmacy. METHODS: This longitudinal cohort study examined 2712 inpatients with a DSM-IV clinical diagnosis of BP to assess associations between complex polypharmacy (defined as ≥4 psychotropics) and demographic and clinical features; associations with risk of rehospitalization were also examined...
June 13, 2017: Journal of Affective Disorders
#18
Philip R Jansen, Tinca J C Polderman, Koen Bolhuis, Jan van der Ende, Vincent W V Jaddoe, Frank C Verhulst, Tonya White, Danielle Posthuma, Henning Tiemeier
BACKGROUND: Genome-wide association studies in adults have identified numerous genetic variants related to psychiatric disorders and related traits, such as schizophrenia and educational attainment. However, the effects of these genetic variants on behaviour in the general population remain to be fully understood, particularly in younger populations. We investigated whether polygenic scores of five psychiatric disorders and educational attainment are related to emotional and behaviour problems during early childhood...
June 19, 2017: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
#19
Theodora Nelson, Yi Hui Liu, Kara S Bagot, Martin T Stein
Alex is a 13-year-old adolescent with high-functioning autism spectrum disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)-combined type, anxiety, and depression. He has been resistant to engaging in therapy and treatment with various medications has been unsuccessful. Alex's parents are concerned about his anxiety, isolation, oppositional behaviors, academic underachievement, truancy, and substance use. A recent altercation with his stepfather led to a police intervention and a brief removal of Alex from the home...
June 15, 2017: Journal of Developmental and Behavioral Pediatrics: JDBP
#20
Ying Wang, Junjing Wang, Yanbin Jia, Shuming Zhong, Meiqi Niu, Yao Sun, Zhangzhang Qi, Ling Zhao, Li Huang, Ruiwang Huang
Identifying brain differences and similarities between bipolar disorder (BD) and major depressive disorder (MDD) is necessary for increasing our understanding of the pathophysiology and for developing more effective treatments. However, the features of whole-brain intrinsic functional connectivity underlying BD and MDD have not been directly compared. We collected resting-state fMRI data from 48 BD patients, 48 MDD patients, and 51 healthy subjects. We constructed voxel-wise whole-brain functional networks and computed regional functional connectivity strength (FCS) using graph-theory and further divided the regional FCS into long-range FCS (lFCS) and short-range FCS (sFCS)...
June 15, 2017: Scientific Reports
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