Robotic assisted

BACKGROUND: Limited data are available on return to sports and patient psychometric ratings of success after patellofemoral arthroplasty (PFA) in younger patients with high expectations to return to an active lifestyle. PURPOSE/HYPOTHESIS: The purpose of this article was to determine the role of PFA and its success in meeting patient expectations regarding the return to low-impact recreational sports and an active lifestyle in younger, active patients. It was hypothesized that PFA would allow younger patients to return to low-impact sports and an active lifestyle and achieve high patient psychometric ratings...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Lower extremity fracture reduction surgery is a key step in the treatment of lower extremity fractures. How to ensure high precision of fracture reduction while reducing secondary trauma during reduction is a difficult problem in current surgery. METHODS: First, segmentation and three-dimensional reconstruction are performed based on fracture computed tomography images. A cross-sectional point cloud extraction algorithm based on the normal filtering of the long axis of the bone is designed to obtain the cross-sectional point clouds of the distal bone and the proximal bone, and the optimal reset target pose of the broken bone is obtained by using the iterative closest point algorithm...

We introduce MHVAE, a deep hierarchical variational autoencoder (VAE) that synthesizes missing images from various modalities. Extending multi-modal VAEs with a hierarchical latent structure, we introduce a probabilistic formulation for fusing multi-modal images in a common latent representation while having the flexibility to handle incomplete image sets as input. Moreover, adversarial learning is employed to generate sharper images. Extensive experiments are performed on the challenging problem of joint intra-operative ultrasound (iUS) and Magnetic Resonance (MR) synthesis...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the efficacy of robot-assisted single-port-plus-one pyeloplasty (RSPY) and laparoscopic single-port pyeloplasty (LSPY) in the treatment of children with ureteropelvic junction obstruction (UPJO). METHODS: The clinical data of 47 children who underwent surgery for UPJO at the Department of the Pediatric Surgery of the Fujian Provincial Hospital from October 2020 to September 2022 were analyzed retrospectively. Of these 47 children, 27 received RSPY while 20 underwent LSPY...

Artificial intelligence (AI) and robotics have emerged as game-changing technologies with the potential to revolutionize the healthcare industry. In the context of hospitals, their integration holds the promise of not only improving patient care but also driving competitive advantage and fostering sustainable development. This review paper aims to explore and evaluate the impact of AI and robotics applications on attaining competitive advantage and promoting sustainable development in hospitals, examines the current landscape of AI and robotics adoption in healthcare settings and delve into their specific applications within hospitals, including AI-assisted diagnosis, robotic surgery, patient monitoring, and data analytics...

BACKGROUND: Allergic rhinitis constitutes a widespread health concern, with traditional treatments often proving to be painful and ineffective. Acupuncture targeting the pterygopalatine fossa proves effective but is complicated due to the intricate nearby anatomy. METHODS: To enhance the safety and precision in targeting the pterygopalatine fossa, we introduce a deep learning-based model to refine the segmentation of the pterygopalatine fossa. Our model expands the U-Net framework with DenseASPP and integrates an attention mechanism for enhanced precision in the localisation and segmentation of the pterygopalatine fossa...

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PURPOSE: Minimal-invasive liver surgery (MILS) reduces surgical trauma and is associated with fewer postoperative complications. To amplify these benefits, perioperative multimodal concepts like Enhanced Recovery after Surgery (ERAS), can play a crucial role. We aimed to evaluate the cost-effectiveness for MILS in an ERAS program, considering the necessary additional workforce and associated expenses. METHODS: A prospective observational study comparing surgical approach in patients within an ERAS program compared to standard care from 2018-2022 at the Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin...

Cholecystectomy is one of the commonest performed surgeries worldwide. With the introduction of robotic surgery, the numbers of robot-assisted cholecystectomies has risen over the past decade. Despite the proven use of this procedure as a training operation for those surgeons adopting robotics, the consumable cost of routine robotic cholecystectomy can be difficult to justify in the absence of evidence favouring or disputing this approach. Here, we describe a novel method for performing a robot-assisted cholecystectomy using a "three-arm" technique on the newer, 4th generation, da Vinci system...

BACKGROUND: Surgical skills acquisition is under continuous development due to the emergence of new technologies, and there is a need for assessment tools to develop along with these. A range of neuroimaging modalities has been used to map the functional activation of brain networks while surgeons acquire novel surgical skills. These have been proposed as a method to provide a deeper understanding of surgical expertise and offer new possibilities for the personalized training of future surgeons...

Robot-assisted Single-Site Laparoscopy (R-LSS) is a rapidly evolving minimally invasive technique. Although it is a very recent technology, the use of R-LSS have been increasingly report in gynecology, for both benign and malignant indications. This review aims to summarize the evolution of this innovative technique and to examine its feasibility and safety for gynecological surgical procedures. We evaluated studies dealing about R-LSS in gynecological surgery. We performed a comprehensive literature research on PubMed and the Cochrane Library in February 2024...

BACKGROUND: Robotics has increased rates of minimally invasive surgery, with distinct advantages over open surgery. However, current commercially available robotic platforms have device and system issues that limit robot-assisted surgery expansion. OBJECTIVE: To demonstrate the safety and efficacy of a novel miniaturized robotic assisted surgery device in colectomy. DESIGN: Prospective, Investigational Device Exemption clinical study following the idea, development, exploration, assessment, and long-term follow-up (IDEAL) framework (Stage 2b, exploration)...

ConspectusIn the ever-increasing renewable-energy demand scenario, developing new photovoltaic technologies is important, even in the presence of established terawatt-scale silicon technology. Emerging photovoltaic technologies play a crucial role in diversifying material flows while expanding the photovoltaic product portfolio, thus enhancing security and competitiveness within the solar industry. They also serve as a valuable backup for silicon photovoltaic, providing resilience to the overall energy infrastructure...

BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) offers decreased blood loss during surgery, shorter hospital length of stay, and lower risk for thromboembolic events without hindering oncological outcomes. Cutaneous ureterostomies (UCS) are a seldom utilized diversion that can be a suitable alternative for a selected group of patients with competing co-morbidities and limited life expectancy. OBJECTIVE: To describe operative and perioperative characteristics as well as oncological outcomes for patients that underwent RARC + UCS...

BACKGROUND: Stroke is the main disease that causes the burden of neurological disease, leading to upper limb dysfunction and affecting their self-care abilities. Robot-assisted rehabilitation therapy has been gradually used in the rehabilitation of upper limb function after stroke. However, it would be beneficial to explore auxiliary interventions such as reminiscent music therapy, a combination of music and reminiscent, to relieve negative emotions and post-stroke fatigue and improve rehabilitation outcomes...

During robot-assisted therapy, a robot typically needs to be partially or fully controlled by therapists, for instance using a Wizard-of-Oz protocol; this makes therapeutic sessions tedious to conduct, as therapists cannot fully focus on the interaction with the person under therapy. In this work, we develop a learning-based behaviour model that can be used to increase the autonomy of a robot's decision-making process. We investigate reinforcement learning as a model training technique and compare different reward functions that consider a user's engagement and activity performance...

The tongue's intricate 3D structure, comprising localized functional units, plays a crucial role in the production of speech. When measured using tagged MRI, these functional units exhibit cohesive displacements and derived quantities that facilitate the complex process of speech production. Non-negative matrix factorization-based approaches have been shown to estimate the functional units through motion features, yielding a set of building blocks and a corresponding weighting map. Investigating the link between weighting maps and speech acoustics can offer significant insights into the intricate process of speech production...

Lung cancer, a leading cause of cancer-related death, often requires surgical resection for early-stage cases, with recent data supporting less invasive resections for tumors smaller than 2 cm. Central to resection is lymph node assessment, an area of controversy worldwide, compounded by advances in minimally invasive techniques. The review aims to assess current standards for lymph node assessment, recent data from the surgical era, and the immunobiological basis of how lymph node metastases impact patient outcomes...

Performing a radical treatment of prostate cancer in patients with a history of transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) is a serious task even for an experienced surgeon, due to the anatomical and topographic changes that occur after endoscopic surgery. The technical possibilities of robotic technologies have great potential for obtaining the best treatment results for this category of patients. In order to review the intra- and postoperative outcomes of robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) in patients with a history of PCa and TURP, we selected relevant publications in the PubMed and Google Scholar databases for the period from 2008 to 2022...

Precise medical billing is essential for decreasing hospital liability, upholding environmental stewardship and ensuring fair costs for patients. We instituted a multifaceted approach to improve the billing accuracy of our robotic-assisted thoracic surgery programme by including an educational component, updating procedure cards and removing the auto-populating function of our electronic medical record. Overall, we saw significant improvements in both the number of inaccurate billing cases and, specifically, the number of cases that overcharged patients...