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https://read.qxmd.com/read/38409012/from-phyllosphere-to-insect-cuticles-silkworms-gather-antifungal-bacteria-from-mulberry-leaves-to-battle-fungal-parasite-attacks
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pengfei Zhao, Song Hong, Yuekun Li, Haimin Chen, Hanchun Gao, Chengshu Wang
BACKGROUND: Bacterial transfers from plants to insect herbivore guts have been well investigated. However, bacterial exchanges between plant phyllospheres and insect cuticles remain unclear, as does their related biological function. RESULTS: Here, we report that the cuticular bacterial loads of silkworm larvae quickly increased after molting and feeding on the white mulberry (Morus alba) leaves. The isolation and examination of silkworm cuticular bacteria identified one bacterium Mammaliicoccus sciuri that could completely inhibit the spore germination of fungal entomopathogens Metarhizium robertsii and Beauveria bassiana...
February 26, 2024: Microbiome
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403446/a-highly-sensitive-and-specific-homo1-based-real-time-qpcr-method-for-quantification-of-human-umbilical-cord-mesenchymal-stem-cells-in-rats
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jing He, Zhangfan Wang, Chunchun Ao, Chengshu Tu, Yaqi Zhang, Cheng Chang, Cuihong Xiao, E Xiang, Wei Rao, Changyong Li, Dongcheng Wu
BACKGROUND: Owing to the characteristics of easier access in vitro, low immunogenicity, and high plasticity, human umbilical cord-derived mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs) are considered as a promising cell-based drugs for clinical application. No internationally recognized technology exists to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and distribution of cell-based drugs in vivo. METHODS: We determined the human-specific gene sequence, Homo1, from differential fragments Homo sapiens mitochondrion and Rattus norvegicus mitochondrion...
February 2024: Biotechnology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38386619/fights-on-the-surface-prior-to-fungal-invasion-of-insects
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junmei Shang, Song Hong, Chengshu Wang
Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) infect insects by landing on and penetrating cuticles. Emerging evidence has shown that, prior to the invasion of insects, fungal cells have to battle and overcome diverse challenges, including the host behavioral defenses, colonization resistance mediated by ectomicrobiotas, host recognition, and generation of enough penetration pressure. The ascomycete EPF such as Metarhizium and Beauveria can thus produce adhesive proteins and/or the exopolysaccharide mucilage to tightly glue fungal cells on cuticles...
February 2024: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38175756/suppression-of-drosophila-antifungal-immunity-by-a-parasite-effector-via-blocking-gnbp3-and-gnbp-like-3-the-dual-receptors-for-%C3%AE-glucans
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mengting Lu, Dongxiang Wei, Junmei Shang, Shiqin Li, Shuangxiu Song, Yujuan Luo, Guirong Tang, Chengshu Wang
The tactics used by animal pathogens to combat host immunity are largely unclear. Here, we report the depiction of the virulence-required effector Tge1 deployed by the entomopathogen Metarhizium robertsii to suppress Drosophila antifungal immunity. Tge1 can target both GNBP3 and GNBP-like 3 (GL3), and the latter can bind to β-glucans like GNBP3, whereas the glucan binding by both receptors can be attenuated by Tge1. As opposed to the surveillance GNBP3, GL3 is inducible in Drosophila depending on the Toll pathway via a positive feedback loop mechanism...
January 3, 2024: Cell Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37989602/metarhizium-robertsii
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junmei Shang, Shuangxiu Song, Chengshu Wang
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
November 20, 2023: Trends in Parasitology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37778923/fungal-infection-of-insects-molecular-insights-and-prospects
#6
REVIEW
Song Hong, Junmei Shang, Yaneli Sun, Guirong Tang, Chengshu Wang
Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) distribute in different fungal phyla with variable host ranges and play essential role in regulating insect populations by infecting hosts via cuticle penetration. The representative ascomycete EPF of Metarhizium and Beauveria species have been widely used in mechanistic investigations of fungus-insect interactions and as ecofriendly mycoinsecticides. Here, we review the function of diverse genes, pathways, and secondary metabolites associated with EPF stepwise infections. In particular, emerging evidence has shown that EPF have to outcompete insect ectomicrobiotas prior to penetrating cuticles, and subvert or evade host antifungal immunity by using effector-like proteins and chemicals like plant pathogens...
September 29, 2023: Trends in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37467272/a-bacterial-like-pictet-spenglerase-drives-the-evolution-of-fungi-to-produce-%C3%AE-carboline-glycosides-together-with-separate-genes
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin-Lin Li, Yanlei Sun, Ying Yin, Shuai Zhan, Chengshu Wang
Diverse β-carboline (βC) alkaloids are produced by microbes, plants, and animals with myriad bioactivities and drug potentials. However, the biosynthetic mechanism of βCs remains largely elusive, especially regarding the hydroxyl and glucosyl modifications of βCs. Here, we report the presence of the bacterial-like Pictet-Spenglerase gene Fcs1 in the entomopathogenic Beauveria fungi that can catalyze the biosynthesis of the βC skeleton. The overexpression of Fcs1 in Beauveria bassiana led to the identification of six βC methyl glycosides, termed bassicarbosides (BCSs) A-F...
July 25, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37320866/fungus-insect-interactions-beyond-bilateral-regimes-the-importance-and-strategy-to-outcompete-host-ectomicrobiomes-by-fungal-parasites
#8
REVIEW
Song Hong, Yanlei Sun, Haimin Chen, Pengfei Zhao, Chengshu Wang
Fungus-insect interactions have long been investigated at the bilateral level to unveil the factors involved in mediating fungal entomopathogenicity and insect antifungal immunity. Emerging evidence has shown that insect cuticles are inhabited by different bacteria that can delay and deter fungal parasite infections. Entomopathogenic fungi (EPF), however, have evolved strategies to combat the colonization resistance mediated by insect ectomicrobiomes by producing antimicrobial peptides or antibiotic compounds...
June 12, 2023: Current Opinion in Microbiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37102651/citrulline-inhibits-lps-induced-pyroptosis-of-raw264-7-macrophages-through-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb-signaling-pathway
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li Yin, Xiaomin Wei, Yanjun Zhang, Chengshu Lu, Huakun Wang
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of citrulline on the pyroptosis of mouse macrophage RAW264.7 and the mechanism. We investigated the effect of citrulline on pyroptosis of RAW264.7 cell induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and the modulation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-κB) signaling. METHODS: Pyroptosis was evaluated using flow cytometry and caspase-1/sytox double staining. Cell counting kit-8 assay was performed to evaluate cell viability...
April 2023: Immunity, Inflammation and Disease
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36893865/application-potential-of-vaccinium-ashei-r-for-cadmium-migration-retention-in-the-mining-area-soil
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jianjincang Song, Yongyun Li, Hao Tang, Chengshu Qiu, Ling Lei, Maolin Wang, Heng Xu
Despite numerous reports on phytoremediation of heavy metals contaminated soil, there are few reports on plant retention of heavy metals in the mining area slope. This study was the first of its kind to explore the cadmium (Cd) retention capacity of the blueberry (Vaccinium ashei Reade). Firstly, we investigated the stress response of blueberry to different soil Cd concentrations (1, 5, 10, 15, 20 mg/kg) to assess its potential for phytoremediation by pot experiments. The results showed that the blueberry biomass exposed to 10 and 15 mg/kg Cd was significantly increased compared with the control (1 mg/kg Cd); the blueberry crown increased by 0...
March 7, 2023: Chemosphere
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36449213/promotion-of-arabidopsis-immune-responses-by-a-rhizosphere-fungus-via-supply-of-pipecolic-acid-to-plants-and-selective-augment-of-phytoalexins
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Feifei Luo, Guirong Tang, Song Hong, Tianyu Gong, Xiu-Fang Xin, Chengshu Wang
The ascomycete insect pathogenic fungi such as Metarhizium species have been demonstrated with the abilities to form the rhizosphere or endophytic relationships with different plants for nutrient exchanges. In this study, after the evident infeasibility of bacterial disease development in the boxed sterile soils, we established a hydroponic system for the gnotobiotic growth of Arabidopsis thaliana with the wild-type and transgenic strain of Metarhizium robertsii. The transgenic fungus could produce a high amount of pipecolic acid (PIP), a pivotal plant-immune-stimulating metabolite...
November 28, 2022: Science China. Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36442527/genetic-screening-of-mmp1-as-a-potential-pathogenic-gene-in-chronic-obstructive-pulmonary-disease
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Erkang Yi, Weitao Cao, Jiahuan Zhang, Biting Lin, Zihui Wang, Xiaoyu Wang, Ge Bai, Xinyue Mei, ChengShu Xie, Jing Jin, Xinyuan Liu, Haiqing Li, Fan Wu, Zhiwei Lin, Ruiting Sun, Bing Li, Yumin Zhou, Pixin Ran
BACKGROUND: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex and heterogeneous syndrome. Airway inflammation and remodeling are the two key processes involved in COPD pathogenesis. However, the key pathogenic genes driving COPD development have not been revealed. This study aims to identify and validate hub gene(s) underlying COPD development through bioinformatics analysis and experimental validation. METHODS: Three lung tissue sequencing datasets of the COPD (including GSE38974, GSE103174, and GSE106986) were analyzed...
November 25, 2022: Life Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36423638/sensing-of-a-spore-surface-protein-by-a-drosophila-chemosensory-protein-induces-behavioral-defense-against-fungal-parasitic-infections
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junmei Shang, Guirong Tang, Jun Yang, Mengting Lu, Chen-Zhu Wang, Chengshu Wang
In addition to innate immunity in a physiological context, insects have evolved behavioral defenses against parasite attacks. Here, we report that Drosophila can sense the CFEM (common in fungal extracellular membrane) protein Mcdc9, which acts as a negative virulence factor of the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii. The individual deletions of 18 CFEM genes in Metarhizium followed by fly infection identified three null mutants that could kill the flies more quickly than the wild-type strain, among which Mcdc9 can coat fungal spores and interact with the fly chemosensory protein CheA75a...
November 15, 2022: Current Biology: CB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36386417/herpetic-keratitis-following-corneal-crosslinking-for-keratoconus-a-case-series
#14
Lixiang Wang, Yingping Deng, Ke Ma, Hongbo Yin, Chengshu Sun, Jing Tang
Background: Corneal crosslinking is widely applied to enhance corneal biomechanical properties and delay the progression of keratoconus. The surgical procedure and application of ultraviolet A irradiation (UVA) during corneal crosslinking have been recognized to induce the reactivation of simplex herpes virus (HSV) but are rarely reported and poorly analyzed. Case Presentation: We report the first case series of herpetic keratitis in 4 keratoconus patients undertaking corneal crosslinking, who were all clinically diagnosed at routine follow-up visits 3 days to 1 month after the surgery...
2022: Infection and Drug Resistance
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36240921/potential-of-miscanthus-floridulus-associated-with-endophytic-bacterium-bacillus-cereus-bl4-to-remediate-cadmium-contaminated-soil
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xitong Wang, Shihua Luo, Yahui Chen, Renfeng Zhang, Ling Lei, Kangkai Lin, Chengshu Qiu, Heng Xu
Phytoremediation assisted by endophytic bacteria is promising to efficiently remediate cadmium (Cd) contaminated soil. Bacillus cereus BL4, isolated from Miscanthus floridulus growing around a pyrite mine, exhibited high Cd tolerance and plant growth-promoting traits and could improve Cd bioavailability in soil. As a result of the pot experiment, after inoculation with strain BL4, the fresh weight, height, and Cd accumulation of Miscanthus floridulus shoots increased by 19.08-32.26 %, 6.02-16.60 %, and 23...
October 11, 2022: Science of the Total Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36127432/suppression-of-the-insect-cuticular-microbiomes-by-a-fungal-defensin-to-facilitate-parasite-infection
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Song Hong, Yanlei Sun, Haimin Chen, Chengshu Wang
Insects can assemble defensive microbiomes on their body surfaces to defend against fungal parasitic infections. The strategies employed by fungal pathogens to combat host cuticular microbiotas remains unclear. Here, we report the identification and functional characterization of the defensin-like antimicrobial gene BbAMP1 encoded by the entomopathogenic fungus Beauveria bassiana. The mature peptide of BbAMP1 can coat fungal spores and can be secreted by the fungus to target and damage Gram-positive bacterial cells...
September 20, 2022: ISME Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36047778/production-of-helvolic-acid-in-metarhizium-contributes-to-fungal-infection-of-insects-by-bacteriostatic-inhibition-of-the-host-cuticular-microbiomes
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanlei Sun, Song Hong, Haimin Chen, Ying Yin, Chengshu Wang
The nortriterpenoid helvolic acid (HA) has potent antibiotic activities and can be produced by different fungi, yet HA function remains elusive. Here, we report the chemical biology of HA production in the insect pathogen Metarhizium robertsii. After deletion of the core oxidosqualene cyclase gene in Metarhizium, insect survival rates were significantly increased compared to those of insects treated with the wild type and the gene-rescued strain during topical infections but not during injection assays to bypass insect cuticles...
September 1, 2022: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36000736/orchestrated-biosynthesis-of-the-secondary-metabolite-cocktails-enables-the-producing-fungus-to-combat-diverse-bacteria
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanlei Sun, Bo Chen, Xinlin Li, Ying Yin, Chengshu Wang
Fungal secondary metabolites with antibiotic activities can promote fungal adaptation to diverse environments. Besides the global regulator, individual biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) usually contain a pathway-specific transcription factor for the tight regulation of fungal secondary metabolism. Here, we report the chemical biology mediated by a supercluster containing three BGCs in the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium robertsii . These clusters are jointly controlled by an embedded transcription factor that orchestrates the collective production of four classes of chemicals: ustilaginoidin, indigotide, pseurotin, and hydroxyl-ovalicin...
August 24, 2022: MBio
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35663020/microbiome-assembly-on-drosophila-body-surfaces-benefits-the-flies-to-combat-fungal-infections
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Song Hong, Yanlei Sun, Dapeng Sun, Chengshu Wang
In contrast to the well-characterized gut microbiomes, the composition and function of the insect body-surface microbiotas are still elusive and highly underexplored. Here we report the dynamic features of the Drosophila melanogaster surface microbiomes. It was found that the microbiomes assembled on fly surfaces could defend insects against fungal parasitic infections. The substantial increase of bacterial loads occurred within 10 days of fly eclosion, especially the expansion of Gilliamella species. The culturable bacteria such as Lactiplantibacillus plantarum could effectively inhibit fungal spore germinations, and the gnotobiotic addition of the isolated bacteria could substantially delay fungal infection of axenic flies...
June 17, 2022: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35500108/tolypocladamide-h-and-the-proposed-tolypocladamide-nrps-in-tolypocladium-species
#20
REVIEW
Richard M Tehan, Rheannon R Blount, Ryan L Goold, Daphne R Mattos, Nicolas R Spatafora, Javier F Tabima, Romina Gazis, Chengshu Wang, Jane E Ishmael, Joseph W Spatafora, Kerry L McPhail
The genome of entomopathogenic fungus Tolypocladium inflatum Gams encodes 43 putative biosynthetic gene clusters for specialized metabolites, although genotype-phenotype linkages have been reported only for the cyclosporins and fumonisins. T. inflatum was cultured in defined minimal media, supplemented with or without one of nine different amino acids. Acquisition of LC-MS/MS data for molecular networking and manual analysis facilitated annotation of putative known and unknown metabolites. These data led us to target a family of peptaibols and guided the isolation and purification of tolypocladamide H ( 1 ), which showed modest antibacterial activity and toxicity to mammalian cells at micromolar concentrations...
May 2, 2022: Journal of Natural Products
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