Nutrition in CKD

INTRODUCTION: Many patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), including peritoneal dialysis (PD), have sarcopenia. It is important to evaluate muscle mass to prevent sarcopenia in the field of CKD management. Recently, muscle mass assessment using psoas muscle evaluated by computed tomography (CT) has been reported in patients undergoing hemodialysis. However, few clinical studies have investigated the clinical factors associated with the evaluation of psoas muscle in patients undergoing PD...

OBJECTIVES: Growth failure is one of the major complications of pediatric chronic kidney disease. Even after a kidney transplant (KT), up to 50 % of patients fail to achieve the expected final height. This study aimed to assess longitudinal growth after KT and identify factors influencing it. METHODS: A retrospective observational study was performed. We reviewed the clinical records of all patients who underwent KT for 25 years in a single center (n=149) and performed telephone interviews...

Multidimensional health function impairments are common in older patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). The purpose of this study was to explore whether the risk or severity of geriatric syndrome increased with a decline in renal function. This survey was conducted for CKD patients aged  ≥ 60 years and hospitalized at West China Hospital of Sichuan University (Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Nephrology, and Endocrinology) and Chengdu Kangfu Kidney Disease Hospital from September 01, 2013 to June 30, 2014...

BACKGROUND: Exposure to heavy metals (cadmium, mercury, and lead) has been linked with adverse health outcomes, especially their nephrotoxic effects at high levels of exposure. We conducted a replication study to examine the association of low-level heavy metal exposure and chronic kidney disease (CKD) using a larger NHANES data set compared to previous studies. METHODS: The large cross-sectional study comprised 5,175 CKD cases out of 55677 participants aged 20-85 years from the 1999-2020 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey [NHANES]...

Anemia is a severe health issue that affects around one-third of the global population. Therefore, the present study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to investigate the research trends regarding advancements on iron formulations in treating iron deficiency anemia via oral or parenteral route. This study adopts thematic and bibliometric methods on existing research on novel iron formulations. It also provides perspective into the existing understanding on treatment strategies for iron deficiency anemia...

Twelve patients between 18 and 53 years of age were included. MAD plus nutritional supplementation was administered to 75% ( n  = 10) of the participants, one (8.3%) received MAD alone, and 16.7 ( n  = 2) received Classic Ketogenic Diet (cKD) plus nutritional supplementation. Oral nutritional supplementation, administered in the outpatient setting, provided patients with between 31 and 55% of the total caloric value. In the first month of KDT treatment, 83.3% ( n  = 10) of patients reduced the number of weekly seizures by 40% (median)...

The rising global incidence of chronic inflammatory diseases calls for innovative and sustainable medical solutions. Brewers' spent grain (BSG), a byproduct of beer production, presents a unique opportunity in this regard. This review explores the multifaceted health benefits of BSG, with a focus on managing chronic kidney disease (CKD). BSG is identified as a potent prebiotic with potential as a therapeutic agent in CKD. We emphasize the role of gut dysbiosis in CKD and discuss how BSG could help mitigate metabolic derangements resulting from dysbiosis and CKD...

OBJECTIVE: The clinical impact of malnutrition based on the Global Leadership Initiative on Malnutrition (GLIM) criteria in patients with kidney dysfunction remains poorly understood. This study investigated the usefulness of GLIM criteria for malnutrition predicting mortality in patients with kidney dysfunction and different clinical renal states, including no kidney disease (NKD), acute kidney injury (AKI), and chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: This single-center retrospective cohort study included 6,712 patients aged ≥18 admitted between 2018 and 2019...

OBJECTIVE: The Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) is a validated tool for identifying nutritional status in patients receiving maintenance dialysis (MHD), but it is not without limitations. Current research identifies additional clinical characteristics such as phase angle (PhA) associated with SGA. This study aimed to assess the overall correlation between PhA and SGA; associations between PhA and SGA by body mass index (BMI), and to identify clinical characteristics associated with SGA...

OBJECTIVE: Previous studies reported mixed results on associations between dietary potassium intake and hyperkalemia in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). This study investigated the association between potassium intake from different food sources and hyperkalemia in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD. METHODS: A total of 285 patients were recruited at a university hospital and two city hospitals in Tokyo. Dietary potassium intake was estimated by a validated diet history questionnaire...

OBJECTIVES: Trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) is a gut bacteria mediated liver metabolite of dietary betaine, choline, and carnitine which is excreted by glomerular filtration. We studied whether TMAO is associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). METHODS: Among 478 patients with CKD stage G2 (n = 104), G3a (n = 163), G3b (n = 123), and G4 (n = 88), we studied the association between fasting plasma concentrations of TMAO, choline or betaine at baseline and kidney function, prevalent CVD and future renal outcomes during a mean follow-up of 5...

OBJECTIVE: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) and low bone mineral density (BMD) are highly prevalent and can co-exist. Parameters of mineral metabolism are associated with BMD in CKD, but other contributing factors may contribute. The aim of this study was to assess changes in BMD and its determinants in patients with non-dialysis-dependent CKD (NDD-CKD). METHODS: Body composition and biochemical profiles were assessed in a retrospective hospital-based cohort study of patients with NDD-CKD...

BACKGROUND: Older patients in hemodialysis have high prevalence of malnutrition that is often associated with rapid weight loss till cachexia. OBJECTIVES: We aimed to investigate whether in older patients undergoing hemodialysis the association between poor nutritional status and mortality may be independent of comorbidities and other risk factors. DESIGN: Retrospective longitudinal study. SETTING: Unit of Nephrology, Dialysis and Kidney Transplantation of the Policlinic Hospital of Milan, Milan, Italy...

Chlorogenic acid (CGA) is a type of polyphenol compound found in rich concentrations in many plants such as green coffee beans. As an active natural substance, CGA exerts diverse therapeutic effects in response to a variety of pathological challenges, particularly conditions associated with chronic metabolic diseases and age-related disorders. It shows multidimensional functions, including neuroprotection for neurodegenerative disorders and diabetic peripheral neuropathy, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, anti-pathogens, mitigation of cardiovascular disorders, skin diseases, diabetes mellitus, liver and kidney injuries, and anti-tumor activities...

Anemia is a common hematological disorder that affects 12% of the community-dwelling population, 40% of hospitalized patients, and 47% of nursing home residents. Our understanding of the impact of inflammation on iron metabolism and erythropoiesis is still lacking. In older adults, anemia can be divided into nutritional deficiency anemia, bleeding anemia, and unexplained anemia. The last type of anemia might be caused by reduced erythropoietin (EPO) activity, progressive EPO resistance of bone marrow erythroid progenitors, and the chronic subclinical pro-inflammatory state...

Prior research shows that diets high in government subsidized foods may be associated with cardiometabolic disease risk factors. Our aim was to evaluate the relationship between diets high in subsidized foods and the development of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and other cardiometabolic risk factors in United States (US) Hispanics/Latinos. Using data from 16,172 Hispanics/Latino's living in the United States, we used the Cochran-Armitage test to assess the relationship between subsidized foods in the diets of participants and baseline characteristics...

BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the relationships of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D) with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and mortality among patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) is limited and inconsistent. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the associations between serum 25(OH)D and CVD incidence and mortality among patients with CKD. METHODS: This prospective study included 21,507 participants with CKD and free of CVD in the UK Biobank...

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PURPOSE: This study conducted in Dena County is a population-based cohort study as part of the Prospective Epidemiological Research Studies in Iran (PERSIAN). The specific objectives of this study were to estimate the prevalence of region-specific modifiable risk factors and their associations with the incidence of major non-communicable diseases (NCDs). PARTICIPANTS: This PERSIAN Dena Cohort Study (PDCS) was conducted on 1561 men and 2069 women aged 35-70 years from October 2016 in Dena County, Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province, Southwest Iran...

AIM: Both hyperuricemia and anemia are not only the manifestation of chronic kidney disease (CKD) but also related to its occurrence and development. A recent study has found that there was a synergetic effect between hyperuricemia and anemia on new-onset CKD. Herein we aimed to explore the roles of hyperuricemia and anemia in the all-cause mortality in patients with CKD. METHODS: Data of adult patients with CKD were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Surveys (NHANES) database in 2009-2018 in this retrospective cohort study...