keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38533564/training-in-substance-use-disorders-part-2-updated-curriculum-guidelines
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Crockford, Anees Bahji, Christian Schutz, Jennifer Brasch, Leslie Buckley, Marlon Danilewitz, Simon Dubreucq, Michael Mak, Tony P George
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
March 27, 2024: Canadian Journal of Psychiatry. Revue Canadienne de Psychiatrie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512852/a-lifetime-of-mental-health-treatments-for-people-with-schizophrenia-update-and-narrative-review
#2
REVIEW
Lynn E DeLisi
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: To provide a summary of the most up-to-date thoughts about treatment for schizophrenia at different stages of illness. RECENT FINDINGS: The use of Coordinated Specialty Care clinics has arisen as the standard for early on in the treatment of psychosis, providing the notion that recovery is possible. New medications that do not depend on postsynaptic dopamine receptor blockade are soon becoming available. SUMMARY: A focus should be made by clinicians to personalize treatment plans for each patient who has the possibility of being diagnosed with a primary psychosis and the plan should be to predict outcomes based on biological markers that include genetic vulnerability, early psychosocial combined with pharmacological treatments as needed and then a plan to determine or maintain treatments going forward into the future...
May 1, 2024: Current Opinion in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512185/notice-of-retraction
#3
(no author information available yet)
Retraction: Ashraf S, Shah K, Ali M, Jain S. Fentanyl-laced marijuana use in adolescents: a rising concern nationwide. Prim Care Companion CNS Disord. 2024;26(1):23lr03598. https://doi.org/10.4088/PCC.23lr03598. The above letter to the editor, published online on February 6, 2024, in The Primary Care Companion for CNS Disorders has been retracted by agreement between the authors and the journal Editor-in-Chief, Larry Culpepper. The retraction has been agreed upon per the authors' request to retract the letter, as the authors want to correct the references to support the key statements...
March 3, 2024: Primary Care Companion to CNS Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38502207/post-covid-breathlessness-a-mathematical-model-of-respiratory-processing-in-the-brain
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dina von Werder, Franziska Regnath, Daniel Schäfer, Rudolf Jörres, Nadine Lehnen, Stefan Glasauer
Breathlessness is among the most common post-COVID symptoms. In a considerable number of patients, severe breathlessness cannot be explained by peripheral organ impairment. Recent concepts have described how such persistent breathlessness could arise from dysfunctional processing of respiratory information in the brain. In this paper, we present a first quantitative and testable mathematical model of how processing of respiratory-related signals could lead to breathlessness perception. The model is based on recent theories that the brain holds an adaptive and dynamic internal representation of a respiratory state that is based on previous experiences and comprises gas exchange between environment, lung and tissue cells...
March 19, 2024: European Archives of Psychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497357/reliability-testing-of-the-health-of-the-nation-outcome-scales-2018
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jon Painter, Mick James
WHAT IS KNOWN ON THE SUBJECT: The Health of the Nation Outcome Scales (HoNOS) is a widely used clinical measure designed to rate and monitor the outcomes of service users accessing specialist mental healthcare. Since its development (in 1996), numerous research studies have confirmed the HoNOS captures the aspects of care that it purports to (validity), and that clinicians' ratings are consistent both over time, and between different raters (reliability). WHAT THE PAPER ADDS TO EXISTING KNOWLEDGE: In 2018, the HoNOS was reviewed with updates made to some terminology and other revisions intended to remove ambiguity in the guidance for raters...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38491727/adding-to-the-neuroimmune-network-model-a-commentary-on-nusslock-et%C3%A2-al-2024
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aaron S Heller
Work by many groups demonstrate links between peripheral markers of inflammation and symptoms of depression. Here, Nusslock and colleagues present an update to their neuroimmune network model to incorporate a developmental lens. They propose that specific neural circuits may be responsible for causing heightened inflammation. One principal circuit includes the amygdala and prefrontal cortex and is proposed to be involved in threat detection. Thus, heightened threat sensitivity resulting from early life stress is suggested to cause increases in inflammatory signaling...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry, and Allied Disciplines
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38475768/the-short-and-longer-term-effects-of-brief-behavioral-parent-training-versus-care-as-usual-in-children-with-behavioral-difficulties-study-protocol-for-a-randomized-controlled-trial
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roos S van Doornik, Saskia van der Oord, Joli Luijckx, Annabeth P Groenman, Patty Leijten, Marjolein Luman, Pieter J Hoekstra, Barbara J van den Hoofdakker, Tycho J Dekkers
BACKGROUND: The access to and uptake of evidence-based behavioral parent training for children with behavioral difficulties (i.e., oppositional, defiant, aggressive, hyperactive, impulsive, and inattentive behavior) are currently limited because of a scarcity of certified therapists and long waiting lists. These problems are in part due to the long and sometimes perceived as rigid nature of most evidence-based programs and result in few families starting behavioral parent training and high dropout rates...
March 12, 2024: BMC Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38459194/frontostriatal-circuit-dysfunction-leads-to-cognitive-inflexibility-in-neuroligin-3-r451c-knockin-mice
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shen Lin, Cui-Ying Fan, Hao-Ran Wang, Xiao-Fan Li, Jia-Li Zeng, Pei-Xuan Lan, Hui-Xian Li, Bin Zhang, Chun Hu, Junyu Xu, Jian-Hong Luo
Cognitive and behavioral rigidity are observed in various psychiatric diseases, including in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). However, the underlying mechanism remains to be elucidated. In this study, we found that neuroligin-3 (NL3) R451C knockin mouse model of autism (KI mice) exhibited deficits in behavioral flexibility in choice selection tasks. Single-unit recording of medium spiny neuron (MSN) activity in the nucleus accumbens (NAc) revealed altered encoding of decision-related cue and impaired updating of choice anticipation in KI mice...
March 8, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38446448/oxidative-stress-induced-damage-to-rna-and-dna-and-mortality-in-individuals-with-psychiatric-illness
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anders Jorgensen, Ivan Brandslund, Christina Ellervik, Trine Henriksen, Allan Weimann, Mikkel Porsborg Andersen, Christian Torp-Pedersen, Per Kragh Andersen, Martin Balslev Jorgensen, Henrik Enghusen Poulsen
IMPORTANCE: All-cause mortality and the risk for age-related medical disease is increased in individuals with psychiatric illness, but the underlying biological mechanisms are not known. Oxidative stress on nucleic acids (DNA and RNA; NA-OXS) is a molecular driver of aging and a potential pathophysiological mechanism in a range of age-related disorders. OBJECTIVE: To study the levels of markers of NA-OXS in a large cohort of community-dwelling individuals with and without psychiatric illness and to evaluate their association with prospective all-cause mortality...
March 6, 2024: JAMA Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38441163/urbanization-and-psychosis-an-update-of-recent-evidence
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sandeep Grover, Natarajan Varadharajan, Sandesh Venu
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Urbanization, a complex global phenomenon, has a significant bearing on schizophrenia/psychosis burden through various socioeconomic and environmental factors. This review focuses on recent evidence (2019-2023) linking urbanization, schizophrenia, and the role of green space. RECENT FINDINGS: This review analyzed 43 articles that examined the correlation between urban birth or upbringing, urban living (urbanicity), and various schizophrenia/psychosis-related outcomes such as incidence, psychotic experiences, etc...
March 5, 2024: Current Opinion in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38436156/trainee-matters-updates-from-ava-and-ed
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
(no author information available yet)
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
April 2024: Australasian Psychiatry: Bulletin of Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38431540/resilience-strengthening-in-youth-with-a-chronic-medical-condition-a-randomized-controlled-feasibility-trial-of-a-combined-app-and-coaching-program
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne Christine Bischops, L Sieper, J Dukart, N K Schaal, C Reinauer, P T Oommen, C Tomoiaga, O David, E Mayatepek, T Meissner
Youth with a chronic medical condition (CMC) are often affected by comorbid mental disorders. Resilience-strengthening interventions can protect youth's mental health, yet evidence-based programs remain scarce. To address this lack, this study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of a dual approach combining app-based resilience training and cognitive behavioral group coaching. Fifty-one youths with CMC treated at a German university children's hospital aged 12-16 years were recruited. They were randomly assigned to a combined app game and coaching intervention or sole app gameplay...
March 2, 2024: European Child & Adolescent Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38428438/assessment-of-suicidality-in-trials-of-psychological-interventions-for-depression-a-meta-analysis
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clara Miguel, Jessica Cecconi, Mathias Harrer, Wouter van Ballegooijen, Shalini Bhattacharya, Eirini Karyotaki, Pim Cuijpers, Claudio Gentili, Ioana A Cristea
BACKGROUND: Psychological interventions that are efficacious as treatments for depression could indirectly affect suicide-related outcomes. We examined suicidal thoughts and behaviours as eligibility criteria, outcomes, and adverse events across trials of psychotherapy for depression. METHODS: We used a publicly available meta-analytic database developed through systematic searches (updated as of May 1, 2023) to identify randomised controlled trials in which a psychological intervention for depression was compared with an inactive or non-specific control condition in adults with depression and in which any suicide-related outcomes were reported...
February 27, 2024: Lancet Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38426002/efficacy-and-acceptability-of-psilocybin-for-primary-or-secondary-depression-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials
#14
Shuping Fang, Xin Yang, Wei Zhang
INTRODUCTION: Psilocybin is a classic psychedelics, which has been shown to have antidepressant effects by many studies in recent years. In this study, we aim to evaluate the efficacy, acceptability and tolerability of psilocybin in the treatment of primary (major depressive disorder) or secondary (experiencing distress related to life-threatening diagnoses and terminal illness) depression. METHODS: We searched PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38416480/cognitive-function-and-variability-in-antipsychotic-drug-naive-patients-with-first-episode-psychosis-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Lee, Martin Cernvall, Jacqueline Borg, Pontus Plavén-Sigray, Cornelia Larsson, Sophie Erhardt, Carl M Sellgren, Helena Fatouros-Bergman, Simon Cervenka
IMPORTANCE: Cognitive impairment contributes significantly to clinical outcome and level of function in individuals with psychotic disorders. These impairments are present already at psychosis onset at a group level; however, the question of heterogeneity in cognitive function among patients has not been systematically investigated. OBJECTIVE: To provide an updated quantification of cognitive impairment at psychosis onset before patients receive potentially confounding antipsychotic treatment, and to investigate variability in cognitive function compared with healthy controls...
February 28, 2024: JAMA Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415742/current-perspectives-on-perinatal-mental-health-and-neurobehavioral-development-focus-on-regulation-coregulation-and-self-regulation
#16
REVIEW
Bea R H Van den Bergh, Marta C Antonelli, Dan J Stein
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Perinatal mental health research provides an important perspective on neurobehavioral development. Here, we aim to review the association of maternal perinatal health with offspring neurodevelopment, providing an update on (self-)regulation problems, hypothesized mechanistic pathways, progress and challenges, and implications for mental health. RECENT FINDINGS: (1) Meta-analyses confirm that maternal perinatal mental distress is associated with (self-)regulation problems which constitute cognitive, behavioral, and affective social-emotional problems, while exposure to positive parental mental health has a positive impact...
May 1, 2024: Current Opinion in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38415716/bane-or-boon-regarding-urbanicity-and-psychotic-spectrum-disorders-a-scoping-review-of-current-evidence
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qian Hui Chew, Kang Sim
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review aims to provide an update on the association between urbanization and psychotic spectrum disorders, focusing on specific aspects of the urban environment that could be a bane or boon for the risk of psychosis. RECENT FINDINGS: Majority of the included studies support previous evidence suggesting that urbanization is linked to a higher risk of psychotic experiences and psychotic spectrum disorders. A small minority, however, have also found specific factors in the urban environment that could give rise to positive outcomes, such as better social functioning and lower mortality rates in psychotic spectrum disorders, or mitigate the risks associated with urbanization...
February 1, 2024: Current Opinion in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38413165/the-defence-general-practitioner-an-updated-definition-and-model
#18
EDITORIAL
Toby James Holland, M Smith, K King
The geopolitical setting has changed significantly since the definition of UK Armed Forces General Practice was published in 2012. New operating models require medical services to provide smaller teams operating at greater reach from secondary care and logistical support. The Defence Medical Services have reorganised to meet these changing needs. Defence general practices (DGPs) are key enablers of the Defence strategic effort, both integral to deployed units, in preparing forces for deployment and managing their rehabilitation back to fitness...
February 27, 2024: BMJ military health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395422/myopathy-due-to-carnitine-palmitoyltransferase-ii-deficiency-updating-genetic-aspects-of-the-first-publication-in-brazil
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Paulo José Lorenzoni, Cláudia Suemi Kamoi Kay, Renata Dal-Pra Ducci, Otto Jesus Hernandez Fustes, Paula Raquel do Vale Pascoal Rodrigues, Raquel Cristina Arndt, Rosana Herminia Scola, Lineu Cesar Werneck
Carnitine palmitoyltransferase II (CPT II) deficiency is an autosomal recessive inherited disorder related to lipid metabolism affecting skeletal muscle. The first cases of CPT II deficiency causing myopathy were reported in 1973. In 1983, Werneck et al published the first two Brazilian patients with myopathy due to CPT II deficiency, where the biochemical analysis confirmed deficient CPT activity in the muscle of both cases. Over the past 40 years since the pioneering publication, clinical phenotypes and genetic loci in the CPT2 gene have been described, and pathogenic mechanisms have been better elucidated...
February 2024: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395419/rehabilitation-interventions-targeting-the-activity-and-participation-of-patient-with-neuromuscular-diseases-what-do-we-know-a-systematic-review
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sionara Ferreira Silva, Hugo Leonardo de Magalhães, Franciele Angelo de Deus, Keysy Karoline Souza Andrade, Vanessa Pereira Lima, Thaís Peixoto Gaiad
BACKGROUND:  To be objective and achievable, the rehabilitation goals must be focused on the functional expectations of patients with neuromuscular disease (NMD). OBJECTIVE:  Investigate rehabilitation programs that are able to modify the activity/participation of patients with NMD. Data search: Embase, BVS/Lilacs, Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro), CINAHL/EBSCO, and Medline were searched in June 2021. It was last updated in March 2023. METHODS:  Randomized controlled trials investigating any rehabilitation therapy for patients with NMD with an outcome encompassing the activity/participation components of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) were included...
February 2024: Arquivos de Neuro-psiquiatria
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