Psychotherapies

Prior literature highlights the effectiveness of the Risk-Need-Responsivity (RNR) risk principle when providing community supervision and treatment to general justice-involved individuals and special populations such as individuals convicted of a sexual offense. Individuals deemed high-risk, per risk assessment, should receive the most intensive levels of community supervision and treatment, while individuals classified as low risk should receive the lowest intensity. Research in support for the risk principle finds adherence decreased recidivism rates and increased probation compliance...

Though hesitations to hire formerly incarcerated individuals are often related to assumptions about a person's dangerousness, there remain legitimate reasons, such as limited formal education and basic skills, that prevent returning residents from finding work. Previous research suggests that hiring decisions are confounded by offense type, even if an employer would otherwise consider a person with a criminal history. Thus, it is unclear whether returning residents' level of education or training can mitigate barriers related to their offense history...

Non-pharmaceutical interventions (NPI) have great potential to improve cognitive function but limited investigation to discover NPI repurposing for Alzheimer's Disease (AD). This is the first study to develop an innovative framework to extract and represent NPI information from biomedical literature in a knowledge graph (KG), and train link prediction models to repurpose novel NPIs for AD prevention. We constructed a comprehensive KG, called ADInt, by extracting NPI information from biomedical literature. We used the previously-created SuppKG and NPI lexicon to identify NPI entities...

BACKGROUND: Hemodialysis patients usually suffer from anxiety due to physical and social factors, which belongs to a kind of psychological disorder, easily contributing to the decrease of patients' adherence to the treatment, and seriously affecting the patients' health status and quality of life. Solution-focused group counseling (SFGC) is a kind of psychotherapy proven to improve emotional problems in many fields. Still, the application of this therapy is rare in medical situations...

We are surrounded by trauma, grief, pandemics, health care inequality, poverty, climate change, and social injustice, not to mention increases in suicide, depression, and loneliness. How can group therapists address these issues and thrive? The current special edition focuses on how groups foster compassion, provide spiritual healing, and address human suffering in effective and innovative ways. Instead of focusing on symptom reduction alone, group therapists and researchers are exploring ways that group therapy can provide healing and resources to people including health care providers, and those who are on the front lines...

This feasibility study reports on the development and initial evaluation of a novel online intervention for helping professionals (HPs; i.e. mental health professionals, chaplains, clergy) designed to (a) address occupational hazards, such as burnout and vicarious traumatization, and (b) promote well-being and flourishing at work. In contrast with competency and self-care focused models, the CHRYSALIS (Catalyzing Helping Professionals' Resilience, VitalitY, Spirituality, Authentic Living, and Inner Strength) intervention centers the self of the provider, explores cultural and spiritual contexts, and attends to systemic challenges...

IMPORTANCE: Physical diseases co-occur with late-life depression (LLD). The influence of physical diseases and the subjective perception of physical health (PPH) on treatment outcome in LLD, however, is not well understood. OBJECTIVE: To assess the association of physical diseases and PPH with the outcomes of 2 different types of psychotherapy in LLD. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: This post hoc secondary analysis of a multicenter, observer-blinded, controlled, parallel-group randomized clinical trial assessed participants 60 years or older with moderate to severe depression recruited at 7 psychiatric-psychotherapeutic outpatient trial sites in Germany from October 1, 2018, to November 11, 2020...

INTRODUCTION: Suicide is a serious global public health issue, and a history of attempted suicide is the most critical indicator of suicide risk. There are limited studies on the effectiveness of psychotherapy in individuals who have attempted suicide, and other outcome measures related to suicide risk in suicide attempts have not been explored. AIM/QUESTION: This study aimed to systematically review and perform a meta-analysis of the effectiveness of psychotherapy on individuals who have attempted suicide...

Endoxifen, a protein kinase C inhibitor, has been approved for use in manic episodes in India. One of the symptom traits that it predominantly targets is impulsivity. Impulsivity can also be a symptom dimension of other mental health conditions, one of which is Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). Management of BPD is challenging, with limited pharmacological options that are symptom-directed and psychotherapy sessions that are fraught with early dropouts and lack of compliance. Impulsive behaviors represent a major reason for seeking help in BPD, especially with regard to non-suicidal self-injury, substance abuse, high-risk sexual behavior, aggression, etc...

INTRODUCTION: Trauma continues to be noted in studies as a risk factor for autoimmune diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS). Successful therapeutic interventions that support the reduction of numbing episodes associated with MS may include diet, stress reduction techniques, and biofield therapy. CASE DESCRIPTION: This case report highlights the successful reduction of numbing episodes, stress, and fatigue in an individual 38-year-old Caucasian female patient using nutrition and body-mind-spirit practices...

BACKGROUND: Depression has gradually become a common psychological disorder among children and adolescents. Depression in children and adolescents affects their physical and mental development. Psychotherapy is considered to be one of the main treatment options for depressed children and adolescents. However, our understanding of the global performance and progress of psychological interventions for depression in children and adolescents (PIDCA) research is limited. AIM: To identify collaborative research networks in this field and explore the current research status and hotspots through bibliometrics...

Researchers who conduct studies comparing the efficacy of two treatments often find that their preferred treatment outperforms the comparison treatment. This finding has been labelled the allegiance association. Although this association is robust, it is unclear whether it reflects an allegiance bias on the part of the researchers or whether it is noncausal, with researchers being allied to the more effective treatments. This study applied a quasi-experimental method proposed by a previous study to 19 pairs of treatment comparison studies...

The mental and behavioral health workforce shortage has hindered access to care in the United States, resulting in long waitlists for persons who need behavioral health care. Global models for task sharing, combined with U.S.-led studies of nonspecialists delivering interventions for depression and anxiety, support the development of this workforce in a stepped care system. This Open Forum highlights an innovative effort in Washington State to initiate a bachelor's-level behavioral health support specialist curriculum leading to credentialing to expand the mental health workforce and improve access to care for people with depression and anxiety...

INTRODUCTION: This study examined the long-term effectiveness of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) (≥ 2 years after the end of therapy) in the routine care of youth (mean 11.95 years; SD = 3.04 years) with primary anxiety disorder (AD). METHODS: Two hundred and ten children with any AD as a primary diagnosis and with any comorbidity were included in the "Kids Beating Anxiety (KibA)" clinical trial and received evidence-based CBT. Diagnoses, severity of diagnoses, and further dimensional outcome variables of symptoms and functioning were assessed before (baseline), after the last treatment session (POST), and at two follow-up (FU) assessments in the child and caregiver report: 6 months (6MONTHS-FU) and >2 years (mean 4...

Novel treatments are required for the 30-50% of individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) who remain resistant to first-line pharmacological and psychotherapeutic treatments. Recent pilot data suggest benefit from psilocybin-assisted psychotherapy (PAP) and from imagery rescripting (ImRs). We explore psychological mechanisms of change underpinning both interventions that appear to allow for reprocessing of negative emotions and core beliefs associated with past aversive events. A next critical step in PAP is the development of psychotherapeutic frameworks grounded in theory...

AIM: This research aimed to assess the impact of the online "Positive Psychotherapy- Based Key Model of Courtesy and Integrity" (KMCI)" program on the effective communication skills of nursing students. BACKGROUND: With the growing integration of virtual platforms in psychotherapy education, there is a burgeoning interest in understanding their influence on nursing student's communication abilities. Recognizing how online positive psychotherapy education shapes these skills is pivotal for enriching nursing education and practice...

Childhood household dysfunction (CHD) is a common adverse childhood experience, which brings the heavy physical and mental afflictions to children and adolescents. Trauma-focused cognitive behavioral therapy (TF-CBT) is an evidence-based psychotherapy that helps children and adolescents who have experienced childhood trauma with traumatic memories. It aims to enhance the coping abilities of CHD children and adolescents, thereby improving the negative effects caused by trauma and effectively reducing psychological burden...

This study aims to investigate the efficacy of self-narrative as a tool for identifying personality traits conducive to motivation for success. The research employs several methodologies, including the "Readiness for Self-Development" test by V.L. Pavlov, the Achievement Motivation Diagnosis test, and the katathym imaginative psychotherapy motive "Mountain" as a form of self-narrative. Psycholinguistic analysis tools such as the verbosity coefficient, embolism coefficient, and correlation coefficient are utilized...

The pathophysiology of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with the activation of the innate immune system, including cytokines like interleukin 6 (IL-6). However, the role of IL-6 in the etiology and treatment of PTSD still remains elusive. We conducted a prospective controlled trial to investigate the development of IL-6 during psychosomatic treatment in individuals with PTSD in comparison with individuals without PTSD. We assessed IL-6 mRNA expression before and after 2 months of psychosomatic treatment in individuals with and without PTSD...

BACKGROUND: Intellectual disability (ID), schizophrenia spectrum disorder (SSD), bipolar disorder (BD), substance use disorder (SUD), and other mental disorders (OMDs) are associated with increased risks of criminality relative to sex-matched individuals without these conditions (NOIDMD). To resource psychiatric, addiction, and social services so as to provide effective treatments, further information is needed about the size of sub-groups convicted of crimes, recidivism, timing of offending, antecedents, and correlates...